HEADS of STATE and other WOMEN LEADERS throughout the WORLD
List 51 1208 names 173 (of 232) governments 13 November 1999 £ 120 US$ 240
* New name, office or number since previous bimonthly list
SUMMARY
Names Pages
1. Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government currently in office 40 1- 2
2. Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parliament 70 2- 3
3. Heads of Provincial or State Governments 40 3- 4
4. Women Ministers in National Governments 530 4-14
5. Judges of Supreme & Similar Courts 105 14-16
6. Governors & Deputy Governors of Central Banks 54 16
7. Bishops & Religious Leaders 38 17
8. Heads of International Organizations 35 18
9. Other Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government since 1960 82 18-20
10. Other Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parlt since 1945 69 20-21
11. Other Heads of Provincial or State Government since 1960 62 21-22
12. Other Supreme Court Judges since 1980 13 22
13 Other Governors of Central Banks since 1980 36 23
14. Other Bishops & Religious Leaders since 1980 11 23
15. Other Heads of International Organizations since 1980 22 23-24
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1208
1. Women Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government currently in office: 40
A. Heads of State and Government: 9
Country Name Office Term of Office
Costa Rica Astrid Fischel First Vice-President 8.5.1998-2002
Elizabeth Odio Second Vice-President 8.5.1998-2002
Indonesia Megawati Sukarnoputri Vice-President 21.10.1999-
Iran Masoumeh Ebtekah Vice-President 11.8.1997-
Panama Mireya Moscoso President 1.9.1999-9.2004
Philippines Gloria Arroyo Vice-President 30.6.1998-
Sri Lanka Chandrika Kumaratunga President 14.11.1994-
Switzerland Ruth Dreifuss President 1.1-31.12.1999
Uganda Speciosa Wandira Kazibwe Vice-President 18.11.1994-
B. Heads of State: 8
Canada Adrienne Clarkson Governor-General 10.1999-
Denmark Margrethe II Queen 14.1.1972-
Ireland Mary McAleese President 11.11.1997-2004
Latvia Vaira Vike-Freiberga President 18.6.1999-2003
Netherlands Beatrix Queen 30.4.1980-
Saint Lucia Calliopa Pearlette Louisy Governor-General 10.1997-
United Kingdom #Elizabeth II Queen 6.2.1952-
Viet Nam Nguyen Thi BINH Vice-President 23.9.1992-
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The above is a development of the writer's research, from 1980 on, to promote the appointment of able women to posts of executive leadership in national and international bodies. To date some 3900 women from 112democracies have been named in nearly 70 lists. Recent lists owe much to "People in Power", the world's most comprehensive directory of political leadership in sovereign countries and the first systematically to identify women leaders. "People in Power" 227 pp: ISSN 0965-7517 is published bimonthly by the Cambridge International Reference on Current Affairs (CIRCA) Production Editors: Rosemary Payne & Catherine Jagger 13-17 Sturton Street Cambridge England CB1 2SN (tel + 44 1223 568 017).
# Queen Elizabeth II is both Head of the Commonwealth of (54) Nations and Head of State of 16 member countries: of Antigua & Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, St Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, St Vincent & Grenadines, Solomons, Tuvalu and the United Kingdom.
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C. Heads of Government: 23
Country Name Office Term of Office
Albania *Makbule Ceco Deputy Prime Minister 29.10.1999-
Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina Wajed Prime Minister 24.6.1996-
Barbados Billie Miller Deputy Prime Minister 12.9.1994-
Belgium Laurette Onkelinx Deputy Prime Minister 11.7.1999-
Isabelle Durant Deputy Prime Minister 11.7.1999-
Croatia Ljerka Mintas-Hodak Deputy Prime Minister 12.1995-
Denmark Marianne Jelved Deputy Prime Minister 3.1998-
Fiji Kuini Vuikaba Speed Deputy Prime Minister 5.1999-
Ireland Mary Harney Deputy Prime Minister 6.1997-
Jordan Rima Khalaf Hunaidi Deputy Prime Minister 4.3.1999-
Luxembourg Lydie Polfer Deputy Prime Minister 7.8.1999-
Macedonia Dosta Dimovska Vice-Premier 30.11.1998-
Radmila Kiprijanova-Radovanovik Vice-Premier 30.11.1998-
Netherlands Els Borst-Eilers Deputy Prime Minister 3.8.1998-
Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink Deputy Prime Minister 3.8.1998-
New Zealand *Helen Clark Prime Minister 28.11.1999-
Norway Anne Enger Lahnstein Deputy Prime Minister 15.3.1999-
Russia Valentina Matviyenko Deputy Chair Council of Ministers 10.1998-
Sri Lanka Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister 14.11.1994-
Sweden Lena Hjelm-Wallen Deputy Prime Minister 6.10.1998-
Tajikistan Inoyatova Munira Abdulloyevna Deputy Prime Minister 7.1994-
Turkmenistan Djamal Geklenova Deputy Prime Minister 5.1999-
Uzbekistan Dilbar Ghulomova Deputy Prime Minister 5.1995-
2. Women Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parliament (#): 70
A. National Parliaments: 52
Albania Margarita Qirko Deputy Speaker People's Assembly 1996-
Antigua & Barbuda Millicent Percival Speaker Senate 1994-99
Bridget Harris Speaker House of Representatives 1994-99
Australia Margaret Elizabeth Reid Speaker Senate 1996-2002
Austria Heidi Schmidt Deputy Speaker National Council 1994-
Bahamas Italia Johnson Speaker House of Assembly 1997-
Belarus Tamara Dudko Vice President (Upper) Council of Republic 1997-
Belize Speaker Senate 1999-
Speaker House of Representatives 1999-
Brazil Odacir Soares Deputy Leader Federal Senate 1991-
Cape Verde Ondine Ferreira Deputy Speaker National Assembly 1995-
China CHEN Muhua Vice Chair Standing Cte Peoples Congress 1993-
LEI Jieqiong Vice Chair Standing Cte Peoples Congress 1993-
Cote d'Ivoire Assana Sangare Vice President National Assembly 1997-
Croatia Katica Ivanisevic President House of Counties 4.1993-
Jadranka Kosor Dep President House of Representatives 10.1995-99
Czech Republic Jara Moserova President Senate 1999-
Ethiopia Almaz Meko Speaker Federal Council 1995-2000
Finland Riitta Uosukainen Speaker Eduskunta 1991-99
Saara-Maria Paakkinen First Deputy Speaker Eduskunta 1995-
France Nicole Catala Vice President National Assembly 1993-
Muguette Jacquaint Vice President National Assembly 199?-
Germany Antje Vollmer (Greens) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-
Anke Fuchs (SPD) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-
Petra Bless (PDS) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-
Georgia Russudan Beridze Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1989-
Greece Maria Damanaki Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1989-
Guinea-Bissau Francisca Pereira Vice President National Assembly 199?
Hungary Maria Korodi Vice President National Assembly 1996-
India Najma Heptulla (Dep) Chair Rajya Sabha 10.7.1992-
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(#) The best guide to women parliamentarians, by name for Presiding Officers, otherwise by number, is "Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey", of 189 parliaments, carried out in June 1995; and updated in February 1997 in "Men & Women in Politics: Democracy in the Making", both by Christine Pintat, Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), B P 438, CH-1211 Geneva 19, tel (+ 41 22) 919 4150. The February 1997 study also gives for many countries numbers of women in party bureaus and candidates presented by parties at recent elections. MP numbers are constantly updated on the IPU website http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm
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A. National Parliaments: 52 continued
Country Name Office Term of Office
Jamaica Syringa Marshall-Burnett Speaker Senate 1996-
Speaker House of Representatives 1999-
Lithuania Laima Andrikiene Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1992-
Malawi Lilian Kapana-Phiri First Deputy Speaker National Assembly 1996-
Malta Myriam Spiteri Debono Speaker House of Representatives 1996-2001
Mexico President Senate 1999-
Netherlands Jeltje Van Nieuwenhoven Speaker Second Chamber States-General 1998-
Norway Kirsti Kolle Grondahl President Storting 1993-
Philippines Patsy Avance-Fuentes Deputy Speaker House of Representatives 1998-2001
Peru Martha Hildebrandt Second Vice President Congress 1995-
Poland Olga Krzyzanowska Vice President Sejm 1993-
Alicja Grzeskowiak President Senate 1998-
Zofia Kuratowska Vice President Senate 1993-
Rwanda Jacqueline Muhongayire Deputy Speaker Transitional Nat Assembly 1997-
Russia Aleftina Fedulova Vice-President State Duma 1994-
Senegal Mata SY DIALLO Second Vice-President National Assembly 1994-
South Africa Frene Ginwala Speaker National Assembly 5.1994-99
Baleka Kgositsile Deputy Speaker National Assembly 5.1994-99
Suriname Indradevi M Djwalapersad Speaker National Assembly 1996-
R Wijdenbosch Deputy Chair National Assembly 199?-
Sweden Birgitta Dahl Speaker of Parliament 1994-98
Görel Thurdin Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1994-
Switzerland Trix Heberlein President National Council 1999
United Kingdom Betty Boothroyd Speaker House of Commons 4.1992-
Venezuela Ixora Rojas President Congress of the Republic 1998-
Zimbabwe Edna Madzongwe Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1996-
B. Regional, Territorial or International Assemblies: 18 (list incomplete)
Australia Anne Levy President Legislative Council S Australia 1987-
Belgium Anne-Marie Corbisier Hagon Chair Parliament Communauté Française ?1993-
Canada Francene Cosman Dep Speaker Legislative Assembly N Scotia 1995-
Nancy Guptill Speaker House of Assembly Pr Edward Is ?1991-
Germany Ingeborg Friebe President North-Rhine/Westphalia Assembly 199?-
Lianne Paulina-Muerl President Schleswig-Holstein Assembly 1988-
Elisabeth Kiausch President Hamburg State Parliament 1988-
India Vidya Stokes Speaker Legis Assembly Himachal Pradesh 1989-
Rani Satish Dep Speaker Legis Assembly Karnataka 199?-
Italy Celestina Ceruti President Regional Assembly Em-Romagna 1995-
Silvana Amati President Regional Assembly Marche 1995-
Amalia Sartori President Regional Assembly Veneto 1995-
Portugal Anabela Ritchie President Legislative Assembly Macao 1992-
United Kingdom Jane Davidson Dep Pres Off Nat Assembly for Wales 12.6.1999-
United States Doris Allen Speaker California Assembly 5.6.1995-
Europe Nicole Fontaine (France) President European Parliament 20.7.1999-
Beatrice R Machiavelli (Italy) President Economic & Social Committee 9.1998-
United Nations *Sonia Mendieta de B (Honduras) Chair Unesco Executive Board 18.11.99-17.11.01
3. Political or Constitutional Heads of Provincial or State Governments in Major Countries: 40
Country Women:Total Name Office Term of Office
Australia 1: 8 Katherine Carnell Chief Minister Australian Capital Territory 1995-
Austria 1: 9 Waltraud Klasnic Head of Government Styria 1996-
Azerbaijan Sevil Zeinabova Deputy Prime Minister Nakhichevan ?1995-
Brazil 1:25 Roseana Sarney Governor State of Maranhao 10.1996-
3:25 Maria Dalva de Souza Figueiredo Vice Governor State of Amapa 10.1996-
Emilia de Salles Belinatti Vice Governor State of Parana 10.1996-
Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio Vice Governor State of Rio de Janeiro 10.1996-
Canada 5:13 Marilyn Counsell Lieutenant-Governor New Brunswick 7.4.1997-
Lise Thibault Lieutenant-Governor Quebec 12.1996-
Hilary M Weston Lieutenant-Governor Ontario 12.1996-
Helen Maksagak Territorial Commissioner Nunavut 1.4.1999-
Judy Gingell Territorial Commissioner Yukon 1996-
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3. Political or Constitutional Heads of Provincial or State Governments in Major Countries: 40 continued
Country Women:Total Name Office Term of Office
Finland 3:12 Kaarina Suonio Governor Hame Province 3.1994-
Hannele Pokka Governor Lappland 4.1994-
Pirkka Tyolajarvi Governor Turku 198?-
1:12 Olavi Pyykkönen President Kainuu Regional Council 1996-
France 1:21 Marie-Christine Blandin President Regional Council Nord-PdCalais ?1996-
Claude du Grandrut Vice-President Regional Council Picardy 199?-
Germany 1:16 Heide Simonis Prime Minister Schleswig-Holstein 1993-
India 1:30 Fathima Beevi Governor Tamil Nadu 2.1997-
Rajendra Kumari Bajpai Lt Governor Pondicherry 19.4.1995-
2:30 Rabri Devi Yadav Chief Minister Bihar 27.7.1997-
Sheila Dixit Chief Minister Delhi 12.1998-
Ireland 1: Betty Coffey Chair Dublin Regional Authority 1996-
Italy 1:22 Marialina Marcucci Vice President Regional Board Tuscany 1995-
Netherlands Rosemary De Paula Deputy Lt-Governor Netherlands Antilles 1992-
Suzy Camelia-Römer Prime Minister Netherlands Antilles 6.1998-
New Zealand Te Atairangikaahu Maori Queen 199?-
Portugal 1:18 Adelaide Lisboa Civil Governor Lisbon 199?-
Russia Takibat Vice-Chair State Council Daghestan 1996-
South Africa 1: 9 Isabella Winkie Direko Premier Free State 6.1999-
Spain :17 Maria Rosa Estaras Ferragut Vice-President of Government Balearic Is 199?-
Elvira Borondo Mora Vice-President of Government La Rioja 199?-
United Kingdom Jennifer Smith Premier Bermuda 11.1998-
United States 3:50 Christine Todd Whitman Governor (R) New Jersey 1.1994-2000
Jane Dee Hull Governor (R) Arizona 1.1999-200?
Jeanne Shaheen Governor (D) New Hampshire 1.1997-2000
Mary O Donogue Lieut-Governor (D) New York 1.1999-1.2003
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend Lieut-Governor (D) Maryland 1.1995-
Mary Fallin Lieut-Governor Oklahoma 1.1995-
4. Women Ministers (#) in National Governments: 530, in 173 (of 232) Governments
Country Women:Total Woman Minister Office or Portfolio Date of Last Info
Afghanistan 0:21 1.11.99
Albania 3:17 *Makbule Ceco Deputy Prime Minister;Labour & Social Affairs 1.11.99
Ermelinda Meksi Economic Cooperation & Trade 1.11.99
Ingrid Shuli *Transport
Adriana Berberi Finance (DpM)
Algeria 2:40 Rabea Mechernene National Solidarity & Family 1.11.99
Zahia Benarous Culture (MiD)
Andorra 5:13 Susagna Arasanz Serra Finance 1.11.99
Olga Adellach Agriculture & Environment
Joaquima Sol Ordis Secretary General
Monica Codina Tort General Technical Secretary Civil Service
Mireia Maestre Cortadella General Technical Secretary Finance
Angola 4:28 Albina Faria de Assis Africano Industry 1.11.99
Ana Dias Lourenco Planning
Maria de Fatima Monteiro Jardim Fisheries & Environment
Candida Celeste da Silva Family & Women's Advancement
Antigua & B 0:18 1.11.99
Argentina 1:12 Maria Julia Alsogaray Environment 1.11.99
Viviana Fridman Social Projects (UnS)
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(#) Highest rank of Minister, unless otherwise indicated as Deputy or Assistant Minister (DpM), Minister Delegate (MiD), Minister of State (MiS); State Secretary (StS), Under Secretary (UnS); and Parliamentary Secretary (PtS). The names of 32 women from the earlier categories 1A & 1C are repeated, where they head governments and hold additional portfolios. These 32 are subtracted from the 510 women ministers totalled on page 14, but I have added to the resulting 478, to give the total of 530 above, the 52 women deputy ministers named below, but not included in individual country statistics when that country's total number of deputy ministers is not known.
Biodata on many women named here may be found in:
International Who's Who of [5500] Women ISBN 1-85743-027-1 Europa Publications London 2nd ed Feb 1997;
and Who's Who of (1500) Women in World Politics ISBN 0-86291-627-5 Bowker-Saur London 1st edition 1991.
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Country Women:Total Woman Minister Office or Portfolio Date of Last Info
Armenia 0:26 1.11.99
Australia 4:31 Jocelyn Newman Family & Community Services, Women 1.11.99
Amanda Vanstone Justice & Customs
Jackie Kelly Sport & Tourism; Sydney Olympics
Bronwyn Bishop Aged Care
Norfolk Is 0: 4 1.11.99
Austria 4:16 Barbara Prammer Women, Consumer Protection 1.11.99
Eleonora Hostasch Labour, Health & Social Affairs
Elisabeth Gehrer Education & Culture
Benita Maria Ferrero-Waldner Foreign Affairs (MiS)
Azerbaijan 1:23 Sudaba Gasanova Justice 1.11.99
Zemfira Guseinova Health (DpM)
Bahamas 3:17 Janet Gwennett Bostwick Foreign Affairs 1.11.99
Ivy Leona Dumont Education
Theresa Maria Moxey-Ingraham Labour, Immigration & Training
Bahrain 0:25 1.11.99
Bangladesh 4:34 Sheikh Hasina Wajed Prime Minister,Defence,Cabinet,Establishment 1.11.99
Matia Choudhry Agriculture, Food, Disaster Management
Sajeda Choudhry Forestry & Environment
Zinnatunnessa Talukdan Primary & Mass Education (MiS)
Barbados 2:15 Billie Miller Deputy PM, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade 1.11.99
Mia Motley Education, Culture, Youth
Cynthia Forde Education, Culture, Youth (PtS)
Belarus 1:34 Olga Dargel Social Security 1.11.99