Chapter 5 Study Guide: USE YOUR NOTES to ANSWER the QUESTIONS

Chapter 5 Study Guide: USE YOUR NOTES TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS!!!

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Through mythology, the Greek people expressed their

a. / religious beliefs. / c. / love of sport.
b. / love of poetry. / d. / political beliefs.

____ 2. This Greek poet wrote many poems about heroic deeds, including the Iliad.

a. / Aesop / c. / Croesus
b. / Odysseus / d. / Homer

____ 3. The Greeks performed both types of drama— ____ —as part of religious festivals.

a. / comedy and tragedy / c. / epic and tragedy
b. / myth and fable / d. / comedy and myth

____ 4. The three best-known writers of Greek tragedies were Aeschylus, Euripides, and

a. / Aristophanes. / c. / Sophocles.
b. / Homer. / d. / Aesop.

____ 5. The three types of columns the Greeks used in their buildings were Doric, Ionic, and

a. / Athenian. / c. / Parthenon.
b. / Corinthian. / d. / Gregoric.

____ 6. This philosopher taught that the universe was governed by the same laws as music and numbers.

a. / Plato / c. / Aristotle
b. / Pythagoras / d. / Herodotus

____ 7. The word philosophy comes from the Greek word for

a. / “love of history.” / c. / “love of wisdom.”
b. / “love of science.” / d. / “love of mathematics.”

____ 8. Socrates was an Athenian sculptor whose true love was

a. / writing. / c. / philosophy.
b. / teaching. / d. / debate.

____ 9. After he compared 158 governments to find the best one, ____ wrote the book Politics.

a. / Plato / c. / Thucydides
b. / Aristotle / d. / Herodotus

____ 10. ____ is considered to be the “father of history.”

a. / Herodotus / c. / Aristotle
b. / Thucydides / d. / Plato

____ 11. About the time of 359 B.C., the Macedonian king Philip II was deemed a threat to Greek freedom according to ____, a lawyer and public speaker.

a. / Plato / c. / Demosthenes
b. / Aristotle / d. / Thucydides

____ 12. Alexander and his army defeated the local Persian governors in the Battle of

a. / Granicus. / c. / Alexandria.
b. / Syria. / d. / Gaugamela.

____ 13. Alexander kept a copy of ____ under his pillow.

a. / the Odyssey / c. / History of the Peloponnesian War
b. / Politics / d. / the Iliad

____ 14. After his death, Alexander’s empire fell apart because his

a. / wife gave away the throne. / c. / children did not like war.
b. / army was sick with plague. / d. / generals fought one another.

____ 15. In Hellenistic kingdoms, government business was conducted in the ____ language.

a. / Egyptian / c. / Greek
b. / Persian / d. / Macedonian

____ 16. The library at Alexandria was useful to students of literature and

a. / geometry. / c. / science.
b. / philosophy. / d. / language.

____ 17. The city of ____ was known as the center of Greek theater.

a. / Athens / c. / Rhodes
b. / Alexandria / d. / Zeno

____ 18. ____ is known as “the father of medicine.”

a. / Hypatia / c. / Hippocrates
b. / Aristarchus / d. / Hipparchus

____ 19. During the Hellenistic Era, ____ made major discoveries in math and astronomy.

a. / scientists / c. / physicians
b. / armies / d. / stoics

____ 20. Archimedes, a scientist, mathematician, and inventor designed the ____ to defend Syracuse.

a. / bow and arrow / c. / iron spear
b. / catapult / d. / bronze shield
“Alexander made a reconnaissance in person of the enemy’s strength and dispositions and, despite the eagerness of most of his generals, he decided against a night attack. Instead, he retired to his tent to devise his strategy. He ordered his troops to be well fed and then to rest. Darius, on the other hand, mindful of Alexander’s unpredictable manoeuvres, ordered his army to stand to throughout the night in readiness for a surprise attack. It is certain that the alertness of one side and the fatigue of the other played at least some part in the outcome of the battle next day.”
—Anthony Livesey,
Great Commanders and Their Battles

____ 21. What did Alexander’s generals want him to do?

a. / stage a morning attack
b. / stage a night attack
c. / determine the enemy’s strength
d. / devise a strategy

____ 22. What did Darius expect Alexander to do?

a. / stage a morning attack
b. / stage a night attack
c. / wait for Darius to begin the battle
d. / retire to his tent

____ 23. The last sentence of the passage hints of what outcome?

a. / There is no battle. / c. / Alexander wins the battle.
b. / Darius wins the battle. / d. / They fight, but neither side wins.

____ 24. Who was most tired the next day?

a. / Darius’s army / c. / Alexander
b. / Alexander’s army / d. / Alexander’s generals

____ 25. Alexander’s army was alert because they

a. / had stood guard all night.
b. / expected a night attack.
c. / were poorly fed and tired.
d. / were well fed and rested.

____ 26. Who did Greeks call the god of the underworld?

a. / Aphrodite / c. / Hera
b. / Athena / d. / Hades

____ 27. Zeus is Aphrodite’s

a. / brother. / c. / father.
b. / husband. / d. / grandfather.

____ 28. Artemis is the goddess of

a. / love and beauty. / c. / wisdom.
b. / the hunt and wild animals. / d. / marriage.
Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles, son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another.
—Homer, the Iliad Book I
Translated by Samuel Butler

____ 29. Who, according to Homer, are angry with each other?

a. / Jove and Peleus / c. / Atreus and the goddess
b. / Achilles and the son of Atreus / d. / the Achaeans and Hades

____ 30. What was the result of Achilles’ anger for the Achaeans?

a. / countless ills / c. / great conquests
b. / death / d. / none of these

____ 31. What does “many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures” mean?

a. / Dogs hunted vultures.
b. / Dogs and vultures hunted each other.
c. / Many heroes died.
d. / Vultures hunted dogs.

____ 32. Alexander’s empire extended to which river in the east?

a. / Indus / c. / Euphrates
b. / Tigris / d. / Nile

____ 33. Which body of water bordered Alexander’s empire on the west?

a. / Persian Gulf / c. / Caspian Sea
b. / Arabian Sea / d. / Mediterranean Sea

____ 34. Which city of Alexander’s empire was in Egypt?

a. / Persepolis / c. / Athens
b. / Alexandria / d. / Susa