AP World History 9

Name:______Dr. Afxendiou

Chapter 7 – Abbasid Decline and the Spread of Islamic Civilization to South and Southeast Asia

Reading vocabulary-look these words up in the dictionary when you come across them in the reading.

mercenary (p.153)- ______
concubine (p. 155)- ______
profundity (p. 158)- ______
asceticism (p. 160)- ______
doctrinaire (p. 162)- ______
proselytizing (p. 162)- ______

NOTES

INTRODUCTORY SECTION
dhow
lateen sails
advantages and disadvantages of the dhows
Sufis
Sufis and spread of Islam
THE ISLAMIC HEARTLANDS IN THE MIDDLE AND LATE ABBASID ERAS
Bullet:
al-Mahdi
Shi’a revolts
The problem of succession
Harun al-Rashid
Imperial Extravagance and Succession Disputes
Power of royal advisors
Consequence of Harun a-Rashid’s death
Mercenary forces
Imperial Breakdown and Agrarian Disorder
Drains on the treasury
Why were villages abandoned?
The Declining Position of Women in the Family and Society
Emblems of women’s subjugation
Harem
Slaves
Slave concubines
Lower class women
Rich women
Change in women’s roles from the first centuries of Islam
Nomadic Incursions and the Eclipse of Caliphal Power
Loss of control
Buyids of Persia
sultan
Seljuk Turks
Seljuks and Shi’a
Seljuks and Byzantines
The Impact of the Christian Crusades
Crusades
First crusade
Salah-ud-Din
Impact of crusades on Muslims
Impact of crusades on Europeans – Muslim influences on Europe
Effects on European popular culture
DOCUMENT “IbnKhaldun on the Rise and Decline of Empires”
IbnKhaldun
Questions:
What does this passage reveal about IbnKhaldun’s view of the contrasts between nomads and urban dwellers?
Why does he see the former as a source of military power and political strength?
What forces undermine dynasties in later generations?
Howe well do these patterns correspond to the history of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties?
AN AGE OF LEARNING AND ARTICSTIC REFINEMENTS
Bullet:
Despite the decline there were improvements in ….
Architecture
Crafts
The Full Flowering of Persian Literature
Persian language
Shah-Nama
Achievements in the Sciences
Summarize achievements
Religious Trends and the New Push for Expansion
Ulama
Attitude towards questioning
al-Ghazali
Sufis
Sufism
New Waves of Nomadic Invasions and the End of the Caliphate
Mongols
End of Abbasid Caliphate
THE COMING OF ISLAM TO SOUTHEAST ASIA
Bullet:
Muslim incursion into India
Compare Hinduism and Islam at the time
Result of Muslim influx
Political Divisions and the First Muslim Invasions
Muhammad ibnQasim
Why did some local leaders accept the Muslim invaders?
Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization
Summarize influence of Indian civilization on Islamic
civilization
From Booty to Empire: The Second Wave of Muslim Invasions
Mahmud of Gazni
Muhammad of Ghur
Delhi
Sultans of Delhi
Patterns of Conversion
What made Islam attractive to the people of India?
Which groups of India were most likely to convert? Why?
Patterns of Accommodation
View of Islam by high caste Indians
Interaction between Hindus and Muslims
Absorption of caste system into Indian Muslim community
Consequences on women
Sati
Islamic Challenge and Hindu Revival
Hindu response to Islam’s attractions
Bhaktic cults
Stand-Off: The Muslim Presence in India at the End of the Sultanate Period
Response of orthodo Hindus
Response of Muslim ulama
THE SPREAD OF ISLAM TO SOUTHEAST ASIA
Bullet:
Southeast Asia’s place in the trading world
How did Islamic culture move into Southeast Asia?
Trading Contacts and Conversion
Summarize the way to conversion
Malacca
Importance of port cities
Java
Bali
Sufi Mystics and the Nature of Southeast Asian Islam
Uniqueness of Islam spread to Southeast Asia
IN DEPTH “CONVERSION AND ACCOMMODATION IN THE SPREAD OF WORLD RELIGIONS”
World religions
Indian world religions
Christianity
Judaism
Explain the ability of Islam to spread peacefully
Obligatory Muslim beliefs and practices
How did Islam accommodate the beliefs of people it converted?
QUESTIONS:
Can you think of ways in which world religions, such as Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism, changed to accommodate the cultures and societies to which they spread?
Do these religions strike you as more or less flexible than Islam? Why?
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS –ISLAM A BRIDGE BETWEEN WORLDS
Positive role of Islam
Disadvantages of Islamic world / ______
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