Life Science Final Study Guide

Topics: Evolution, Ecology, and Human Biology

Evolution

  1. Define the following evolution terms:
  2. Evolution: ______
  3. Species: ______
  4. Speciation: ______
  5. Mutation: ______
  6. Reproductive Isolation: ______
  7. Natural Selection : ______
  8. Fitness: ______
  9. Adaptation: ______
  10. Homologous Structure: ______
  11. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium: ______
  12. Gene Flow: ______
  13. Gene Pool: ______
  14. Genetic Drift: ______
  15. Sexual Selection: ______
  16. Define Geographic Isolation:______
  17. Why are mutations important? ______
  18. What finch characteristic did Darwin study for his Natural Selection research? ______
  19. Why is it difficult for organisms to become part of the fossil record? ______

______

  1. How old is the earth? ______
  2. Explain how the following are evidences for evolution:
  3. Paleontology: ______
  4. Modern Genetics: ______
  5. Biogeography: ______
  6. Homologous Structures: ______
  7. Vestigial Structures: ______

Ecology

Define the following vocabulary terms in no more than 7 words

  1. Ecological Footprint: ______
  2. Succession: ______
  3. Pioneer species: ______
  4. Biomagnification: ______
  5. Community: ______
  6. Population: ______
  7. Ecosystem: ______
  8. Non renewable resource: ______
  9. Climate : ______
  10. Weather: ______
  1. List the levels of organization for ecology starting with species: ______
  2. The current human population is ______.
  3. Fill out the chart displaying the three dispersion patterns.

Random / Clumped / Uniform
  1. Define succession: ______
  2. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?______

______

  1. What is the difference between climate and weather?______

______

  1. Fill in the chart below

Relationship / Description / Organism 1 / Organism 2
Mutualism / Both organisms benefit / + / +
Commensalism
Parasitism
  1. Draw a food web that contains 8 organisms (you do not have to draw the organisms).
  1. _____ % of energy is LOST between trophic levels.
  2. Define Abiotic factors and give an example of one:______

______

  1. Define biotic factors and give an example of one:______

______

  1. Permafrost is a unique characteristic of this biome:______
  2. Fill out the chart below

Consumer / What it eats / example
Herbivore
Carnivore
Detritivore
Omnivore

Human Biology

  1. Label the parts of the digestive system:

  1. What is the diaphragm? ______
  2. What is an artery? What is a vien? ______
  3. List the organs in the circulatory system
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. List the levels of organization for the human body from the simplest level to the most complex.
  7. ______
  8. ______
  9. ______
  10. ______
  11. ______
  1. What is shown in the illustration to the right? ______
  2. What is the function of this structure? ______
  3. In what organ is this structure found? ______
  4. Fill out the blood composition chart below

Blood Component / Plasma / White blood cells / Red blood cells / Platelets
Function
  1. What is the function of digestion? ______
  2. Define absorption: ______
  3. What are alveoli? ______
  4. Define the following human biology terms:
  5. Pulmonary: ______
  6. Systemic: ______
  7. Epiglottis: ______
  8. Capillaries: ______
  9. Define the following terms
  10. Antibody: ______
  11. Antigen: ______
  12. Memory cell: ______
  13. What does HIV stand for? ______
  14. What are two ways to contract HIV? ______
  15. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? ______
  16. Draw and label the following parts of a neuron: cell body, dendrites, axon, and axon terminal.
  1. Underline the part of the neuron (above) that carries the message to the cell body: cell body, dendrites, axon, and axon terminal.
  2. Fill out the chart below using the following receptors: chemoreceptor, photoreceptor, mechanoreceptor

Sense / Touch / Smell / Sight / Taste
Receptor