Chapter 2 Practice Test
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / mixture / d. / reactantb. / product / e. / heterogeneous mixture
c. / phase / f. / vapor
____1.gaseous state of substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature
____2.a physical blend of two or more components
____3.part of a sample having uniform composition and properties
____4.not uniform in composition
____5.a substance formed in a chemical reaction
____6.starting substance in a chemical reaction
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / distillation / d. / compoundb. / mass / e. / element
c. / chemical reaction / f. / homogeneous
____7.amount of matter an object contains
____8.describes mixture with a uniform composition
____9.a process in which a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed again into a liquid
____10.substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by chemical means
____11.composed of two or more substances chemically combined in a fixed proportion
____12.process in which substances are changed into different substances
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____13.Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
a. / air / c. / smokeb. / heat / d. / water vapor
____14.A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it ____.
a. / takes up more space / c. / contains different kinds of matterb. / contains more matter / d. / has a definite composition
____15.An example of an extensive property of matter is ____.
a. / temperature / c. / massb. / pressure / d. / hardness
____16.All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____.
a. / mass / c. / melting pointb. / color / d. / ability to rust
____17.Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a. / It has a boiling point of 100C.b. / It is a colorless liquid.
c. / It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
d. / Sugar dissolves in it.
____18.Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a. / color and odor / c. / malleability and hardnessb. / melting and boiling points / d. / all of the above
____19.A vapor is which state of matter?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / all of the above
____20.A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / liquid or solid
____21.Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / both b and c
____22.Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / both b and c
____23.Which state of matter is characterized by having an indefinite shape, but a definite volume?
a. / gas / c. / solidb. / liquid / d. / none of the above
____24.Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite volume?
a. / gas / c. / solidb. / liquid / d. / all of the above
____25.Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress?
a. / gas / c. / solidb. / liquid / d. / all of the above
____26.All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state EXCEPT ____.
a. / indefinite volume / c. / not easily compressedb. / definite mass / d. / indefinite shape
____27.Which of the following is a physical change?
a. / corrosion / c. / evaporationb. / explosion / d. / rotting of food
____28.Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
a. / table salt / c. / nitrogenb. / air / d. / gold
____29.Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. / air / c. / steelb. / salt water / d. / soil
____30.Which of the following CANNOT be considered a single phase?
a. / a pure solid / c. / a homogeneous mixtureb. / a pure liquid / d. / a heterogeneous mixture
____31.Which of the following is true about homogeneous mixtures?
a. / They are known as solutions.b. / They consist of two or more phases.
c. / They have compositions that never vary.
d. / They are always liquids.
____32.Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. / vinegar in water / c. / oil and vinegarb. / milk / d. / air
____33.Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a. / salt water / c. / sand and waterb. / beef stew / d. / soil
____34.Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called ____.
a. / filtration / c. / solutionb. / condensation / d. / distillation
____35.An example of a homogeneous mixture is ____.
a. / water / c. / noodle soupb. / stainless steel / d. / oxygen
____36.Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
a. / baking soda / c. / sucroseb. / salad dressing / d. / table salt
____37.Which of the following is true about compounds?
a. / They can be physically separated into their component elements.b. / They have compositions that vary.
c. / They are substances.
d. / They have properties similar to those of their component elements.
____38.A substance that can be separated into two or more substances only by a chemical change is a(n) ____.
a. / solution / c. / mixtureb. / element / d. / compound
____39.Which of the following materials is a substance?
a. / air / c. / stainless steelb. / gasoline / d. / silver
____40.What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
a. / A compound consists of more than one phase.b. / A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
c. / A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
d. / A mixture must be uniform in composition.
____41.What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
a. / Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not.b. / Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not.
c. / Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties.
d. / Mixtures can be separated physically, while compounds cannot.
____42.The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol always is ____.
a. / boldfaced / c. / italicizedb. / capitalized / d. / underlined
____43.Which of the following is used for chemical symbols today?
a. / drawings / c. / lettersb. / icons / d. / numbers
____44.The chemical symbol for iron is ____.
a. / fe / c. / Feb. / FE / d. / Ir
____45.Which of the following represents a compound?
a. / H / c. / H2Ob. / H-3 / d. / O-16
____46.The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____.
a. / identity of the elements in the compoundb. / how elements are joined in the compound
c. / the composition of the compound
d. / relative proportions of the elements in the compound
____47.What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively?
a. / elements and compoundsb. / atoms and mixtures
c. / compounds and mixtures
d. / elements and ions
____48.Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
a. / calcium / c. / oxygenb. / hydrogen / d. / potassium
____49.Which of the following is a chemical property?
a. / color / c. / freezing pointb. / hardness / d. / ability to react with oxygen
____50.In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, which of the following is a reactant?
a. / sucrose / c. / waterb. / carbon dioxide / d. / heat
____51.What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
a. / There must be a change in chemical properties.b. / There must be a change in physical properties.
c. / The change must involve a change in mass.
d. / The change must involve a change in volume.
____52.Which of the following is NOT a physical change?
a. / grating cheese / c. / fermenting of cheeseb. / melting cheese / d. / mixing two cheeses in a bowl
____53.All of the following changes to a metal are physical changes EXCEPT ____.
a. / bending / c. / rustingb. / melting / d. / polishing
____54.Which of the following does NOT involve a physical change?
a. / mixing / c. / grindingb. / melting / d. / decomposing
____55.Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties?
a. / rusting / c. / boilingb. / fermenting / d. / burning
____56.A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____.
a. / is split / c. / decaysb. / is painted / d. / is cut
____57.Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4C?
a. / its colorb. / its state
c. / its temperature
d. / its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen
____58.What must be done to be certain that a chemical change has taken place?
a. / Check for the production of bubbles before and after the change.b. / Demonstrate that a release of energy occurred after the change.
c. / Check the composition of the sample before and after the change.
d. / Demonstrate that energy was absorbed by the reactants after the change.
____59.When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
a. / a physical changeb. / a chemical change
c. / neither a physical change nor a chemical change
d. / both a physical change and a chemical change
____60.Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking?
a. / The food darkens.b. / Bubbles form in boiling water.
c. / Butter melts.
d. / Energy is transferred from the stove to a pan.
____61.Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
a. / fracture formation / c. / precipitate formationb. / gas production / d. / energy transfer
____62.Which action changes the identity of the substance referenced?
a. / melting goldb. / running an electric current through copper
c. / corroding iron
d. / breaking an ice cube
____63.What happens to matter during a chemical reaction?
a. / Matter is neither destroyed or created.b. / Some matter is destroyed.
c. / Some matter is created.
d. / Some matter is destroyed and some is created.
____64.Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions?
a. / The total mass of the reactants increases.b. / The total mass of the products is greater than the total mass of the reactants.
c. / The total mass of the products is less than the total mass of the reactants.
d. / The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
____65.When an iron nail is ground into powder, its mass ____.
a. / stays the same / c. / increasesb. / decreases / d. / cannot be determined
Essay
66.Explain what is meant by a substance and a pure substance. Give an example of each.
67.What is the difference between a solution and a heterogeneous mixture? Give an example of each.
68.Give five examples of heterogeneous mixtures and five examples of homogeneous mixtures.
69.Give an example of a two-phase mixture and describe how you would separate the substances.
70.Define element and compound. Explain the difference between an element and a compound.
71.What does the chemical formula of a compound indicate? Use an example to illustrate your points.
72.Explain the difference between chemical properties and physical properties. Give an example of each.
73.Discuss the difference between physical changes and chemical changes. Use an example to illustrate the difference.
74.State the law of conservation of mass. Then apply the law to this question: What would be the total mass of the products of a reaction in which 10 grams of water decomposes into the elements hydrogen and oxygen?