Define the Following Terms in Your Own Words

Name: ______Date: ______Class: ____

Wave Test Study Guide

Define the following terms in your own words:

1.  Constructive interference –

2.  Destructive interference -

3.  Medium –

4.  Amplitude –

5.  Wavelength -

6.  The Law of Reflection –

7.  Refraction –

8.  Diffraction –

9.  Mechanical waves –

10.  Transverse wave –

11.  Longitudinal/compressional wave –

Answer the following questions.

12.  What is a wave?

13.  What is the unit of measure for frequency?

14.  Which travels faster, sound or light? Give an example to back up your answer.

15.  What part of a sound wave relates to the pitch of the sound you hear?

16.  Draw and label a concave and a convex mirror. Explain how objects appear in each.

17.  What type of reflection occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough surface?

18.  What type of reflection occurs when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface?

19.  What factors can affect the speed of sound?

20.  What is echolocation?

21.  What is the unit of measure for loudness?

22.  Draw a longitudinal wave and label the compressions, rarefactions, and wavelength.

23.  The frequency of a sound wave produced by a string increases as the tension of the string ______.

24.  Give an example of diffraction.

25.  Explain the Doppler affect. Give an example of when this might occur.

26.  Draw a transverse wave and label the crest, trough, wavelength, and amplitude.

27.  What are the two different types of mechanical waves?

28.  What is the difference between a mechanical wave and an electromagnetic wave?

29.  How does light interact with transparent materials?

30.  How does light interact with translucent materials?

31.  How does light interact with opaque materials?

32.  Through what state of matter does sound travel the fastest in?

33.  Would sound travel faster on a hot day or a cold day? Explain

34.  Draw light striking and being reflected off a surface. Label the angle of incidence, angle of reflection, and the normal line.

35.  Draw an example of refraction.

36.  Explain how we see objects, such as an apple, and how we see the apple as red.

37.  Explain how we can see the white color of the white board.

38.  Your friend is wearing a black t-shirt. Explain how we can see the black color of the t-shirt.

39.  Which waves on the electromagnetic spectrum have the highest and lowest frequencies and shortest and longest wavelengths?

40.  Which type of wave on the electromagnetic spectrum has the most energy? Least energy?

41.  Give a general explanation of how the ear works. (Not on test, but good to know. Pg. 559 blue book)

Answers:

1.  When two waves traveling in opposite directions combine to make a larger wave with a larger amplitude.

2.  When two waves traveling in opposite directions combine to produce a wave with a smaller amplitude.

3.  The material through which a wave travels.

4.  The maximum distance particles of a medium move from resting position.

5.  The distance between two corresponding points of a wave.

6.  When a wave is reflected off a surface the angle of incident will be equal to the angle of reflection.

7.  When a wave passes through a new medium at an angle, part of the wave slows down or speeds up before the other causing the wave to bend.

8.  The bending of waves as they move around a barrier or pass through an opening.

9.  Waves that requires a medium to travel.

10.  A mechanical wave that moves the medium at a right angle, or perpendicular from the source as it passes.

11.  A mechanical wave where the particles of the medium move parallel from the source.

12.  A disturbance or oscillation carrying energy that travels from one medium to another.

13.  Hertz

14.  Light travels faster than sound. In a thunderstorm, you can see the lightening before you hear the thunder.

15.  Frequency

16. 

A convex mirror makes objects appear smaller; can be used to view a large area, and curves outward. A concave mirror makes close images appear larger, images far away appear enlarged and upside down, is often used by dentists, and is curves inward.

17.  Diffused reflection

18.  Regular reflection

19.  Temperature, Density, and elasticity *Temperature affects the density of the medium (hotter = More active molecules cause sound to travel faster. colder = Less active air molecules causes sound to travel slower).

20.  The use of reflected sound waves to determine distances or to locate objects.

21.  Decibels

22. 

23.  Increases

24.  When waves move around a peninsula.

25.  As a sound source moves toward you waves are compressed and you hear a higher pitch, and as the sound source moves away from you the waves spread out causing you to hear a lower pitch.

26. 

27.  Transverse and Compressional/Longitudinal

28.  Mechanical waves need a medium to travel through and electromagnetic waves do not need a medium.

29.  Light passes through with minimal change, and objects appear as they are.

30.  Light scatters as it pass through, causing objects to appear blurry.

31.  Reflects or absorbs all of the light that strikes it, and objects are not able to be seen.

32.  Solids

33.  Sound travels faster on a hot day because particles in the air spread out as they heat up. This causes the air to be less dense and allows sound to travel faster.

34. 

35. 

36.  Visible light strikes the apple. Red light is reflected to your eye and other colors of

visible light are absorbed.

37.  Visible light strikes the board and all colors are reflected.

38.  Visible light strikes the t-shirt and all colors are absorbed.

39.  Radio waves have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency. Gramma Rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency.

40.  Gamma = highest energy, Radio = lowest energy

41.  Outer Ear = Sound enters through the outer ear and reaches the eardrum. Middle Ear = Vibration passes through the hammer and anvil to the stirrup. Inner Ear = Vibrations in the cochlea cause nerve cells to transmit signals to the brain.

42.