Male Reproductive System
QUESTION 1
- Sperm are produced by meiosis in the
/ a. / epididymis
/ b. / vas deferens
/ c. / prostate
/ d. / urethra
/ e. / seminiferous tubules
1 points
QUESTION 2
- Which of the following can carry either semen or urine?
/ a. / epididymis
/ b. / vas deferens
/ c. / prostate
/ d. / urethra
/ e. / seminiferous tubules
1 points
QUESTION 3
- Which of the following produces testosterone?
/ a. / testis
/ b. / hypothalamus
/ c. / scrotum
/ d. / anterior pituitary
/ e. / prostate
1 points
QUESTION 4
- Which of the following is a pituitary hormone that promotes production of sperm?
/ a. / testosterone
/ b. / FSH
/ c. / LH
/ d. / HCG
/ e. / none of the above
1 points
QUESTION 5
- Which of the following lies at the base of the bladder and can obstruct urine flow if swollen?
/ a. / testis
/ b. / seminal vesicle
/ c. / scrotum
/ d. / vas deferens
/ e. / prostate
Female reproductive system
QUESTION 1
- Which of the following contains cells that have not completed meiosis?
/ a. / corpus luteum
/ b. / follicle
/ c. / placenta
/ d. / endometrium
/ e. / uterine wall
1 points
QUESTION 2
- Following ovulation the ______becomes the corpus luteum.
/ a. / ovum
/ b. / placenta
/ c. / embryo
/ d. / polar body
/ e. / follicle
1 points
QUESTION 3
- The tissue that lines the uterus is the
/ a. / cervix
/ b. / endometrium
/ c. / placenta
/ d. / oviduct
/ e. / interstitial cells
1 points
QUESTION 4
- The trigger for ovulation is a surge in the level of
/ a. / estrogen
/ b. / progesterone
/ c. / LH
/ d. / FSH
/ e. / progesterone
1 points
QUESTION 5
- The hormone produced by the developing embryo, and tested for in pregnancy tests, is
/ a. / estrogen
/ b. / progesterone
/ c. / HCG
/ d. / oxytocin
/ e. / FSH
Contraception
QUESTION 1
- Which method of birth control works by preventing implantation of a very early embryo?
/ a. / the pill
/ b. / condom
/ c. / diaphragm
/ d. / IUD
/ e. / vasectomy
1 points
QUESTION 2
- Which birth control method prevents release of FSH and LH?
/ a. / the pill
/ b. / condom
/ c. / diaphragm
/ d. / IUD
/ e. / vasectomy
1 points
QUESTION 3
- Which birth control method best prevents spread of sexually transmitted diseases?
/ a. / the pill
/ b. / condom
/ c. / diaphragm
/ d. / IUD
/ e. / vasectomy
Fertilization-Development
QUESTION 1
- The nutrients for early development, the cleavage stage, come from
/ a. / the placenta
/ b. / the amnion
/ c. / the cytoplasm of both egg and sperm
/ d. / the cytoplasm of the egg only
/ e. / the mother's bloodstream
1 points
QUESTION 2
- In order for one sperm to successfully penetrate the egg's membrane, there need to be at least ______sperm cell(s) that reach the egg.
/ a. / one
/ b. / about10
/ c. / about 100
/ d. / several thousand
/ e. / millions of
1 points
QUESTION 3
- The early embryo (pre-embryo) reaches the uterus enters the uterus on day __ of development.
/ a. / 1
/ b. / 4
/ c. / 10
/ d. / 20
/ e. / 25
1 points
QUESTION 4
- The solid cluster of cells that enters the uterus in called the
/ a. / zygote
/ b. / morula
/ c. / blastocyst
/ d. / neurula
/ e. / fetus
1 points
QUESTION 5
- The embryo begins to secrete the hormone _____ as it implants in the uterus.
/ a. / HCG
/ b. / estrogen
/ c. / progesterone
/ d. / LH
/ e. / FSH
1 points
QUESTION 6
- The ___ embryonic cell layers form all of the body's structures.
/ a. / 2
/ b. / 3
/ c. / 4
Pregnancy and Birth
QUESTION 1
- In fetal circulation there is a hole between the _____ of the heart called the ______.
/ a. / atria; ductus venosus
/ b. / atria; foramen ovale
/ c. / ventricles: foramen ovale
/ d. / ventricles: ductus arteriosus
/ e. / ventricles: ductus venosus
1 points
QUESTION 2
- The hormone that stimulates contractions of the uterus during labor is
/ a. / prolactin
/ b. / progesterone
/ c. / oxytocin
/ d. / HCG
/ e. / relaxin
1 points
QUESTION 3
- The first stage of labor ends when
/ a. / the baby is born
/ b. / contractions are 5 minutes apart
/ c. / the placenta detaches
/ d. / the cervix dilates to 10 cm
1 points
QUESTION 4
- The hormone that stimulates release of milk is
/ a. / estrogen
/ b. / oxytocin
/ c. / prolactin
/ d. / colostrums
1 points
QUESTION 5
- The gender of the developing fetus is determined by
/ a. / presence or absence of a Y chromosome
/ b. / presence or absence of estrogen during development
/ c. / number of X chromosomes
/ d. / all of the above
Evolutionary History
QUESTION 1
- Our species has existed for ___% of earth's history
/ a. / 0.006
/ b. / 0.6
/ c. / 6.0
/ d. / 16
/ e. / 60
1 points
QUESTION 2
- The age of the earth is about
/ a. / 6,000 years
/ b. / 100,000 years
/ c. / 65 million years
/ d. / 1.6 billion years
/ e. / 4.6 billion years
1 points
QUESTION 3
- The atmosphere of early earth
/ a. / was similar to today's
/ b. / had primarily oxygen and water vapor
/ c. / blocked UV radiation
/ d. / had no oxygen
1 points
QUESTION 4
- The first multicellular animals appeared about ______years ago.
/ a. / 5,000
/ b. / 6 million
/ c. / 65 million
/ d. / 600 million
Natural selection
QUESTION 1
- The source of new alleles is
/ a. / genetic drift
/ b. / extinction
/ c. / mutation
/ d. / sexual reproduction
1 points
QUESTION 2
- Organisms that are successful (fit) in an evolutionary sense
/ a. / live longest
/ b. / are healthiest
/ c. / are attractive to mates
/ d. / produce the most offspring
1 points
QUESTION 3
- Which of the following does NOT provide evidence for evolution?
/ a. / fossil record
/ b. / embryology
/ c. / comparative anatomy
Coe
/ d. / molecular biology
/ e. / all provide evidence
1 points
QUESTION 4
- Which is NOT an important component of the theory of natural selection?
/ a. / variation in a population that is genetically based
/ b. / competition for resources
/ c. / differential reproductive success among members of the population
/ d. / mutation of genes
/ e. / all are components
Study Guide for Exam IV
Reproductive System Review
Understand
Role of gonads (ovaries, testes) in producing gametes and hormones
Control of gonads by pituitary hormones, FSH and LH
Anatomy of accessory structures to convey gametes, support embryo
Role of hormones from various sources: see list
Menstrual cycle changes in ovary, uterus, hormone levels
Follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase
Role of corpus luteum in hormone production
Menopause and hormones
How various contraception methods work, how effective they are
Important terms
testis, seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells
epididymis
vas deferens
prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands
urethra
glans penis
ovary, follicle, corpus luteum
oviduct/Fallopian tube
uterus, endometrium, cervix
labia, clitoris
FSH, LH
testosterone
estrogen
progesterone
HCG
Fertilization and Development Review
Understand
Fertilization in upper oviduct produces zygote
Restores diploid chromosome number
Fertilization requires large numbers of sperm
Sperm only contributes chromosomes to zygote, cytoplasm from ovum
Types of reproductive technologies; prenatal testing
Stages of development; differentiation, stem cells
Formation of 3 embryonic cell layers
Differences in circulation between fetus and adult
Roles of extraembryonic membranes and placenta
Sex determination and role of hormones
Hormones during pregnancy and labor
Stages of labor
Lactation
Important terms
zygote
cleavage
morula
blastocyst
chorion, yolk sac, amnion, allantois
gastrulation
ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
oxytocin
prolactin
chorionic villi sampling
amniocentesis
Evolution and Natural Selection Review
Understand
History of Earth: formed 4.6 bya, first cells 3.8 bya, eukaryotes 1.7 bya
Multicellular animals 600 mya, mammals 200 mya, humans 200,000 yrs ago
Life from common ancestor; evidence- share genetic code, comparative anatomy
Natural selection change: variation, competition, differential reproduction
Adaptation results from selective pressure imposed by environment
New species may result
Result is diversity of life
Many mass extinctions in Earth’s history
Important terms
homologous structures
transitional fossils
prokaryote
eukaryote
speciation
adaptation