Name______
Chapter 21 Study Guide
Reaction, revolution, and Romanticism 1815-1850
The Conservative Order (1815-1830), 580--588
1. What group met in Vienna, Austria to arrange a peace settlement to the Napoleonic Wars?
2. Who led the Congress of Vienna?
3. Give examples of the restoration of legitimate monarchs. Why was this issue overshadowed?
4. What happened to Poland?
A
B
C
5. What types of compensation were created for lost lands?
6. Define “balance of power”.
7. Why was France still considered a threat? What steps were taken to prevent French aggression in the future?
8. What happened to the Confederation of the Rhine?
9. Why were the French ultimately punished for their previous aggression?
10. What was the long-term result of the Congress of Vienna?
11. How did Edmund Burke’s view of a conservative social contract differ from the social contracts of the Enlightenment, John Locke, and the Declaration of Independence (You will have to infer this yourself)?
12. Define conservatism.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
13. Identify the purpose of the Concept of Europe?
14. Identify the four congresses of the Concert of Europe (Where, When, Goal)?
A
B.
C.
D.
15. Define the policy of intervention.
16. Why did Britain disagree with the policy of intervention?
17. Who were the various leaders of independence in Latin America?
18. What was the Monroe Doctrine?
19. Map 21.2 How many South American countries are sources of rivers that feed the Amazon, and roughly what percentage of the continent is contained within the Amazon’s watershed?
20. What role did the Concert of Europe play in Greece from 1827-1830?
21. Who dominated both house of Britain’s Parliament following the Napoleonic Wars? How was this possible?
22. Identify the difference between political factions in Parliament.
Whigs
Tories
23. Define the Corn Laws, their result, and the Tory government reaction.
24. Describe Louis XVIII’s reign.
25. Charles X was a reactionary-someone who wants to return to the way things were in the past. Give three examples of reaction policies from his reign.
A
B
C
26. Who were the Carbonari and why did secret societies develop in Italy?
27. Why were liberalism and nationalism initially weak in Central Europe?
28. What were the Burschenschaftens? What eventually happened to them and why?
29. Why was the Austrian Empire precariously fragile?
Russia will be covered in a later unit.
Revolution and Reform, 593-600
30. Identify the July Ordinances
A
B
C
D
31. What was the result of the Revolution of 1830 in France?
32. Explain the monarchy of Louis Philippe. What issues led to revolution in 1848?
33. Describe the revolutionary outbursts in the following areas in 1830:
Belgium
Poland
Italy
34. Why did the new leaders in Britain, the Whigs, enact reforms in Britain during the 1830s?
35. Identify the various aspects of the Reform Bill of 1832.
36. What group was responsible for the legislation against industrial abuse?
37. What was the goal of the Poor Law of 1834?
38. How did repeal of the Corn Laws aid liberals?
39. What were the underlying and immediate causes of the Revolution of 1848 in France?
40. Explain the provisional government of Louis Blanc and the national workshops.
41. Fill in the table for the other Revolutions of 1848
Location and/or Movement / Causes / Actions / Important People / Results and ImpactFrankfurt Assembly
Austrian Empire
Italian States
42. What was the impact of the Revolutions of 1848 in general?
The Emergence of an Ordered Society, 601-603
43. What was the purpose of civilian police forces across Europe?
44. Who were the “Bobbies” and what was their primary goal? How were they also effective?
45. Why did some reforms feel the poor laws were a failure?
46. What was the purpose of reforming the prison system in many countries?
47. What aspects of American prisons were appealing?