IMPORTANT RULES -ATTACH THIS DOCUMENT TO YOUR NOTEBOOK FOR FUTURE REFERENCE
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
All non-zero digits are significant. 825 has three sig. fig.
Zeroes located between non-zero digits are significant. 2007 has four sig. fig.
When a decimal or mixed decimal ends in zero, the zero is significant. 43.270 has five sig. fig.
When a whole number ends in zero (with no decimal point), the zero is not significant. 400 has one sig. fig.
When a whole number ends in zero (with a decimal point), the zero is significant 400. has three sig. fig.
Zeroes at the beginning of a number with a decimal point are place holders0.001 has one sig fig.
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION (only represents significant figures)
- Place the decimal point after the first significant digit.
- Count the number of places between the old and the new decimal point.
- If the number in the problem is less than one, express the number of places between the old and the new decimal point as a negative power of ten 0.45 = 4.5 x 10⁻¹
- If the number in the problem is greater than one, express the number of places between the old and the new decimal point as a positive power of ten. 625 = 6.25 x 10²
CALCULATING WITH SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
Adding and Subtracting: Add or Subtract using your calculator, and round the answer to the least accurate decimal place. 1.23 + 0.1 + 16.529 = 17.859 => 17.9
Multiplying and Dividing: Multiply or Divide using your calculator and round the answer to the fewest number of significant figures. (25.1) (3.9) (0.0016) = 0.156624 => 0.16
Exact Numbers including exact conversions (for example 1m=100cm) are never the basis for rounding.
Integrated Calculations will be discussed at a later date, but must result in the answer having the fewest significant figures and therefore the least accurate.
IMPORTANT RULES -ATTACH THIS DOCUMENT TO YOUR NOTEBOOK FOR FUTURE REFERENCE
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
All non-zero digits are significant. 825 has three sig. fig.
Zeroes located between non-zero digits are significant. 2007 has four sig. fig.
When a decimal or mixed decimal ends in zero, the zero is significant. 43.270 has five sig. fig.
When a whole number ends in zero (with no decimal point), the zero is not significant. 400 has one sig. fig.
When a whole number ends in zero (with a decimal point), the zero is significant 400. has three sig. fig.
Zeroes at the beginning of a number with a decimal point are place holders0.001 has one sig fig.
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION (only represents significant figures)
- Place the decimal point after the first significant digit.
- Count the number of places between the old and the new decimal point.
- If the number in the problem is less than one, express the number of places between the old and the new decimal point as a negative power of ten 0.45 = 4.5 x 10⁻¹
- If the number in the problem is greater than one, express the number of places between the old and the new decimal point as a positive power of ten. 625 = 6.25 x 10²
CALCULATING WITH SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
Adding and Subtracting: Add or Subtract using your calculator, and round the answer to the least accurate decimal place. 1.23 + 0.1 + 16.529 = 17.859 => 17.9
Multiplying and Dividing: Multiply or Divide using your calculator and round the answer to the fewest number of significant figures. (25.1) (3.9) (0.0016) = 0.156624 => 0.16
Exact Numbers including exact conversions (for example 1m=100cm) are never the basis for rounding.
Integrated Calculations will be discussed at a later date, but must result in the answer having the fewest significant figures and therefore the least accurate.