General Section
Armenia
(1) De jure
Austria
(1) Payments to the municipalities for their part in the census operations (carrying out the enumeration, hiring, training and paying the enumerators, checking the collected forms with regard to completeness, forwarding the forms to Statistics Austria).
Belarus
(1) The "Belarusfilm" film studio has produced a short film "How many of us are there in Belarus"
(2) Insufficient experience in conducting censuses
(3) No experience to operate DBMS Oracle 8
(4) Limited national budgetary resources and insufficient support of international organizations
(5) Employment of enumerators in rural areas
(6) Shortage of budgetary funding
(7) Treatment of selected categories of population (tenants, homeless, illegal migrants, etc
(8) Labour-intensive manual keying
(9) No experience in operating large data bases, in providing its protection; data storage, archiving, and confidentiality
(10) Preparation of data for publication and dissemination
Bulgaria
(1) press conferences
Canada
(1) free ads/inserts - sugar bags, milk cartoon, rail cars, calendar and agenda companies, mail inserts, plastic bags, ATMs, etc. Please note: Although a national media plan was developed, media (print, broadcast and out-of-home) was selected regionally to cover the widest population possible. Media weights were applied by region and medium and no medium dominated. Therefor, all have been rated as being of equal importance.
(2) User contact
(3) Hiring (recruitment and retention)
(4) Hoof and Mouth Disease risk -precautionary procedures established
Croatia
(1) Enumerations centres (Census Commission - Headquarters in counties, towns and municipalities)
(2) Press conferences
(3) Only Enumeration and Post-enumeration evaluation were partly tax-free (otherwise the cost for that would be about 70% and total cost would be higher)
(4) Expenses for renovation of the office-space for data processing and utilities; insurance of the staff in data collection
(5) Lack in state-budget
(6) Defining the controlling rules
Cyprus
(1) Lack of GIS
(2) Various problems with OCR
(3) Shortage of experienced staff, difficulties in recruitment of casual staff
(4) Lasted longer than anticipated
(5) Tender for Optical data capture system (procurement and installation of hardware, software and printing of questionnaires) longer than anticipated, resulting in the postponement of census from 1.4.2001 to 1.10.2001
Czech Republic
(1) Negative influence of the press before the census
Estonia
(1) Partially
France
(1) Kits for school
(2) In the contract: quality norms and for reception, we checked: exhaustivity, geographical correct (identifiant), structure and variable range check, quality: by samples (classical keyboard at Insee and comparison)
(3) Subcontracted and after a ORACLE database at INSEE for production (automatic coding…)
(4) And after computer-assisted coding for failures
(5) Metropolitan France. Overseas department: 626820
(6) Metropolitan France. Overseas department: 536879
(7) Metropolitan France. Overseas department: 1666517
(8) Oversea departments and Mayotte
(9) Data entry: started 6 months later
Georgia
(1) Scientific Conferences
(2) The cost of Post-enumeration evaluation and Elaboration and Analysis was put in phase of Data processing, checking, coding
(3) State Budget problems
(4) Finance problems
Hungary
(1) Problems of timing because of late legislation
(2) Tendering for outsourcing, problems arising from legal requirements
Ireland
(1) Press conference
(2) Education packs for schools
(3) Difficult to realize 100% enumeration in certain urban areas
Israel
(1) Press conference
(2) Comparison between values optically recognized and values in the population register
(3) 60,868,667 US$
(4) 1- Optical Data Entry (ODE) System was developed at the beginning of the 90s; 2- Geographic Info System was built.
(5) No effective television ad.
(6) Refusals
(7) PES was not totally independent of the data collection in the Census.
(8) 1- A special ODE production line was built for coding quality control of Industry and Occupation; 2- Coding work place address
(9) Moving between data bases: from Oracle to ADABAS and back, was time consumimg
(10) Dissemination was not planned ahead of time, therefore, the preparation of census products was not efficient
Italy
(1) SMS
(2) Optical reading complaint
(3) Not enough funds
(4) Privacy obsession
Kyrgyzstan
(1) President's address, lotteries, and others
(2) Chairman of National Statistical Committee answered questions on line
(3) Lack of finance
(4) - lack of experience for developing methodoligy, logistics and developing census materials;
- liquidation of subdivision deals with 1989 post-census issues, insufficiency of staff with experience in this field;
- Before, the staff was provided by employees of organizations, institutions, enterprises which were closed by the time of Census 1999, therefore the main part of employees was invited from educational institutions, organisations and state structures, as well as unemployed persons were used;
- Low payment for labour.
Norway
(1) Questions on floor space, n. of rooms etc
(2) Low response rates for sub-groups, OCR/ICR
Poland
(1) For the OCR conditions.
Russian Federation
(1) Problems with census personnel over low wages
(2) New Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities
Serbia & Montenegro
(1) 31. 03. 2002 in Central Serbia and Vojvodina, 31.10.2003 in Montenegro
(2) 7458001 (Serbia and Vojvodina) + 617740 (Montenegro)
(3) Dinars: 38.845.740 Serbia and Montenegro and 478.225.646. Central Serbia and Vojvodina without costs for Motenegro in national currency. Since reported costs in national currency and in euros are not consistent, the estimate in euros is used and shown in the Excel file.
(4) EUR: 660.637 Serbia and Montenegro(SCG) 19.926.069 Central Serbia and Vojvodina(CSV) 2.500.000 Montenegro (M)
(5) SCG = Serbia and Montenegro, CSV = Central Serbia and Vojvodina, M = Montenegro.
Slovenia
(1) First results.
(2) Included in general preparation.
Spain
(1) Cadastre
Switzerland
(1) Personnel
(2) Too many different ways to prepare and collect data
(3) Non-responses.
(4) Open answers
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
(1) Political problems.
Turkey
(1) The quality control of imaginary enumerated.
(2) Administrative registration
UK England and Wales
(1) Badges, sweatshirts
(2) Form Identity + Date of Birth questions
(3) Field edits only
(4) For records failing automatic coding
(5) On receipt of raw data from supplier
(6) Some statistics generated but not by variable
(7) Support services, legislation and initial research & development
(8) Incorporating late question changes
(9) Producing high quality CDs/DVDs as output medium
(10) Recruitment in city areas; administration of pay
(11) Public reaction against Census in Wales because of ethnicity question
(12) National outbreak of Foot and Mouth disease. Local disruption to postal services
(13) - Call centre: Underestimation of volume of calls.
- Disclosure control: User concern about changes to disclosure control rules affecting quality of data
- Output products: Delay to publication timetable resulting from additional disclosure control procedures for small cells
UK Northern Ireland
(1) Badges, T-Shirts, and Hats
(2) Form Identity Number and Date of Birth
(3) Field edit checks only
(4) Performed for records failing Automatic Coding
(5) On receipt of raw data from supplier
(6) Some Statistics produced by variable providing Census results before and after imputation
(7) Project management and other. A breakdown of the total cost of the Northern Ireland Census in the manner specified is not available. The above table represents the closest possible allocation of costs to that requested.
(8) Incorporating late changes to wording of questions
(9) First use of scanning technology in NI for large-scale data capture. Development of CDs and Census Access web site as output medium
(10) Administration of pay. Lack of staff resources within Census Office.
(11) National outbreak of Foot and Mouth disease.
(12) Loss of staff before evaluation complete
(13) Delays in start of processing. Scanning errors
(14) - Call center: underestimation of volume of calls. - One number census: The one number census was an ambitious project that was difficult to deliver within the set time period on the first occasion. - Disclosure control: User concern about changes to disclosure control rules affecting quality of data. - Output products: Delay to publication timetable resulting from additional disclosure control procedures for small cells and changes to tables specifications
United States (see also Appendix A to questionnaire)[(]
(1) Pencils, T-shirts, caps, lapel pins, buttons, stress balls
(2) Corporate newsletters; community/local newsletters
(3) Adjustment issue, late design requirements
Geographic Section
Armenia
(1) Total temporary present, total temporary absent (up to 1 year)
Australia
(1) Australia conducts a de facto census therefore avoids in the counting process the definitional complexities inherent in a de jure census. Each person is asked to supply their address of usual residence as a separate question on the census form. Information about Australian residents overseas at the time of the census was obtained from Department of Immigration records and added in to the census counts.
(2) Definition of locality is part of the overall geographic classification system which has been used in Australia since 1966.
Austria
(1) Address register of Statistics Austria Education register
Belarus
(1) Place of usual residence is the locality, house or apartment where the enumerated person usually spends most of his/her time. This may be the same as, or different from the address where the person is registered.
Canada
(1) Census Metropolitan Area and Census Agglomeration Influenced Zones (MIZ)
Category assigned to a municipality not included in either a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA). (A CMA or CA is an area consisting of one or more adjacent municipalities situated around a major urban core. To form a CMA, the urban core must have a population of at least 100,000. To form a CA, the urban core must have a population of at least 10,000.) A municipality is assigned to one of four categories depending on the percentage of its residents who commute to work in the urban core of any census metropolitan area or census agglomeration.
Categories:
1. Strong MIZ: more than 30% of the municipality’s residents commute to work in any CMA or CA.
2. Moderate MIZ: from 5% to 30% of the municipality’s residents commute to work in any CMA or CA.
3. Weak MIZ: from 0% to 5% of the municipality’s residents commute to work in any CMA or CA.
4. No MIZ: fewer than 40 or none of the municipality’s residents commute to work in any CMA or CA.
Statistical Area Classification (SAC)
The Statistical Area Classification (SAC) group’s census subdivisions according to whether they are a component of a census metropolitan area, a census agglomeration, and a census metropolitan area and census agglomeration influenced zone (strong MIZ, moderate MIZ, weak MIZ or no MIZ), or the territories (Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon Territory). The SAC is used for data dissemination purposes.
In using the Statistical Area Classification for census data tabulations, it is possible to sum census data automatically for census subdivisions (CSDs) as follows.
. all CSDs in census metropolitan areas (CMAs);
. all CSDs in census agglomerations (CAs);
. all CSDs in the provinces in the strong MIZ category;
. all CSDs in the provinces in the moderate MIZ category;
. all CSDs in the provinces in the weak MIZ category;
. all CSDs in the provinces in the no MIZ category;
. CSDs in the three territories (Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory and Nunavut) except those that are components of a CMA or CA located in these territories (currently the CAs of Whitehorse and Yellowknife).
Economic Region (ER)
An economic region (ER) is a grouping of complete census divisions (with one exception in Ontario) created as a standard geographic unit for analysis of regional economic activity.
Croatia
(1) Labour force survey, Agricultural 2003 Census
Cyprus
(1) Students studying abroad were considered as resident but temporarily absent
Czech Republic
(1) Register of Enumeration units
(2) No specific Instructions, persons having usual residence in the CR are included in resident population
Denmark
(1) Tax-registers
(2) The population is defined as the people in the population register at the time of census
Estonia
(1) Population of private households, population born in Estonia, population born in foreign country.
Finland
(1) Unemployment, Work pension, Taxation, Buildings, Completed educations, conscripts
(2) The Local Register Office is defining to every person the usual place of residence-it is not our affair
Georgia
(1) Refugees
Greece
(1) Besides sailors and fishermen.
(2) Population totals with other citizenship.
Hungary
(1) List of educational institutions
(2) Further evaluation in progress.
Ireland
(1) The Irish Census was conducted on a De Facto basis, with individuals absent from a household listed as absent persons. Entire households that were outside the country on census night were not captured.
(2) A person who is a member of a household and was absent for less than 3 months was considered as a usual resident.
(3) Total usually resident population in private households
Israel
(1) 1- People in institutions were counted in the institution and in their families residence; 2- Absentees who sent the questionnaires to the office, few months later, were also enumearted by a proxy, usually neighbors; 3- Overcoverage in East-Jerusalem. People who lived outside the census area, were enumerated in East Jerusalem.
(2) Bedouins in the south; New immigrants who migrated to Israel in 1990-1995; The smaller the locality the larger is the undercount; Children up to 4 years old; 15-19 year old boys; 20-29 year old single men.
(3) People in institutions, foreigners.
(4) A populated place that: a- has at least 20 inhabitants; b- is self administered; c- is not within the legal boundaries of another locality; d- it's establishment was approved by the planning authorities.
(5) 1- Type of rural locality: Moshav (small village), Collective moshav, Kibbutz, Institutional locality, Communal locality, Other rural localities, Living outside localities (places, bedouin tribes); 2- Natural regions: District, Sub-district, Natural region; 3- Metropolitan areas: Core, Inner zone (divided to sections), Middle zone (divided to sections), Outer zone (divided to sections); 4- Within locality: Quarter, Sub-quarter, Statistical area.
Italy
(1) Persons belonging to groups 1,2,3,5,6,7,9 were considered as “commuters” between the place of usual residence and one or more places of temporary residence (it’s the case, e.g., of persons temporarily living in a dwelling which is not their usual residence one or the case of persons who usually live in two – or more – dwellings, mostly because they work or study in a different place from the one where their families live). They had to fill in two (or more) forms, one in the place of usual residence (where they had to fill in section 2 of the census form, i.e. the section reserved to persons usually resident in the dwelling) and one in each of the places of temporary residence (where they had to fill in a different section of the census form, section 3, reserved to persons temporary living or occasionally present in the dwelling on the reference day of the census and to persons usually resident abroad but temporary present in Italy at the time of the census).