Topic 4 Part 1 – Cell Cycle and Mitosis Quiz

Name:______Date:______Period:______

Part A Matching:Division of organelles and cytoplasm[5 pts]

____ 1. Division of nucleus and its genetic material A. Cell Cycle

____ 2. Long, thin, uncoiled strands of DNA B. Chromatin

____ 3. Supercoiled chromatin C. Chromosome

____ 4. Repeating sequence of growth and division D. Cytokinesis

____ 5. Division of organelles and cytoplasm E. Mitosis

Part B: The following are not in the correct order. Please answer the questions below. [1pt each]

  1. Which cell is in metaphase? ______(Letter)
  1. Cells A and F show an early and late stage of the same phase of mitosis. What phase is it? ______(phase name)
  2. In cell A, what is the name of thestructure labeled X? ______
  1. In cell F, what is the name of thestructure labeled Y, which may stretch across the cell? ______
  1. Which cell is not in a phase of mitosis? ______(Letter)
  1. What two main changes are taking place in cell B?

A. ______

B. ______

  1. Sequence the six diagrams by letter in order from first to last. ____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____
  1. The cell cycle begins with one somatic cell undergoing normal cell functions and growing. By the end of the cell’s cycle what is the end result of mitosis? ______

______

  1. What is the main difference between cytokinesis in plants and animals? ______

______

Part C Multiple Choice: Please write the letter on the line for 15 through 21[1 pt each]

_____ 15. Which activity most directly involves the process represented in the diagram below?

  1. a gamete reproducing sexually
  2. a white blood cell engulfing bacteria
  3. a zygote being produced in an ovary
  4. an animal repairing damaged tissue

_____16. Which phrase best describes the process represented in the diagram below?

  1. germination of a pollen grain in a flower
  2. identical gametes being formed by mitotic cell division
  3. development of seeds in a ovule
  4. daughter cells being formed by mitotic cell division

_____ 17. Which would most likely result if mitosis was notaccompanied by cytoplasmic division?

  1. two cells, each with one nucleus C. one cell with two identical nuclei
  2. two cells, each without a nucleus D. one cell without a nucleus

_____ 18. In humans, which cell is produced most directly by mitotic cell division?

  1. a sperm cell C. an egg cell
  2. a skin cell D. a zygote

The diagrams below represent a cell process.

_____ 19. If the cell in Diagram 1 contains 4 chromosomes, what is the total number of chromosomes in each

cell in Diagram 3?

  1. 8B. 2C. 16 D. 4

_____ 20. The leastgenetic variation will probably be found in the offspring of organisms that reproduce using

  1. mitosis to produce a larger population
  2. meiosis to produce gametes
  3. fusion of eggs and sperm to produce zygotes
  4. internal fertilization to produce an embryo

Base your answer to the question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents a single-celled organism, such as an ameba, undergoing the changes shown.

_____ 21. The genetic content of C is usually identical to the genetic content of

  1. B but not D
  2. both B and D
  3. D but not A
  4. both A and D

Part D Identification: Please write the word choices on the lines. [8 pts]

  • For blanks 22 through 25, Identify the following phases of mitosis. Use these choices:telophase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase.
  • For blanks 26 through 29 label the structures. Use these choices: sister chromatids, centromere, spindle fibers, centrioles.

Part C short Response:Base your answer to the question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

Telomere Tales

The number of times a human body cell reproduces is dependent on the length of its special chromosome tips. These tips, which are known as telomeres, act as cell division clocks. With each division, the length of the telomere shortens until a critical length is reached, signaling cell reproduction to stop. Knowledge of telomeres could be used in cancer diagnosis, in understanding diseases of aging, and in providing information that would lead to the survival of transplanted organs.

As most body cells divide, their telomeres shorten and, in turn, the overall chromosome length is reduced. However, tissues such as bone marrow and most cancer cells lengthen their shrinking chromosome tips with the help of an enzyme, telomerase. As a result, the chromosomes of these rapidly dividing cells never reach critical length, and the cells continue to reproduce.

Transplantation speeds up the aging process in donor cells. The telomeres of transplanted cells are shorter than those in normal bone marrow cells. If telomerase is inserted into donor cells, the donor tissues may live longer. This procedure would greatly benefit organ transplants and the treatment of patients who have HIV (the virus that causes AIDS). For example, blood-forming cells could be removed from these patients early in the disease, cultured with telomerase to extend their telomeres, and then returned to the bodies of the patients as their blood cell counts fall.

30. What is the purpose of telomeres in cell division? [2] ______

______

31. State the relationship between the presence of telomerase, telomere length, and the number of cell

divisions. [2]

______