Anat and Phys
SKIN AND APPENDAGES
Chapter Review
Matching. Match the phrase that best term that it best describes.
______dermis a. blue appearance in skin color
______hair follicle b water repellent protein
______epidermis c. resets thermostatic controls in brain
______layer d. oil
______subcutaneous e. axilla sweat glands
______keratin f. tube that contains the hair root
______sebum g. stratum
______dermal papilla h. yellowish skin appearance
______apocrine i. layer beneath the dermis
______cyanosis j. outer layer of skin
______jaundice k deeper layer of skin
______pyrogen l. fingerprint
______heat exhaustion m. process of tissue death
______necrosis n. loss of large amount of fluid, weakness, vertigo, nausea, muscle
cramps
Matching 2. Skin disorders.
______1. Impetigo a. result of papillomavirus
______2. Tinea b. bumps, blisters, and crusts over
______3. Warts c. contagious bacterial condition
______4. Boils d. ringworm or other fungal infections
______5. Eczema e. general skin disorder
______6. Psoriasis f. bacterial infection of hair follicle
______7. Dermatosis g. scaly lesions, genetic connection
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter that best answers the following.
1. Beneath the dermis lies a loose layer of skin rich in fat and areolar tissue called
a. dermal epidermal junction b. epidermal layer c. hypodermis d. none of the above
2. The hypodermis
a. connects the dermis to underlying tissue
b. is the layer of skin where hair is produced
c. connects the dermis ad epidermis
d. is the skin layer where nails are produced
3. The order of cells of the epidermis, from superficial to deep are
a. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum, granulosum, stratum basale.
b. stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, stratum lucidum, stratum, granulosum, stratum basale
c. stratum basale, stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum.
d. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, , stratum basale.
4. In which area of the body would you expect to find thick skin?
a. back of hand b. thigh c. abdomen d. sole of foot
5. In which layer of the skin do cells divide by mitosis to replace cells lost from the outermost surface of the body?
a. stratum basale b. stratum corneum
c. stratum lucidum d. stratum spinosum
6. Smooth muscles that produce “goose bumps” when they contract are
a. papillary muscles
b. air muscles
c. follicular muscles
d. arrector pili muscles
7. The basic determinant of skin color is the quantity of
a. keratin b. melanin c. alinine d. all of the above
8. Which of the following is NOT a contributor to skin color?
a. exposure to sunlight b. genetics
c. place of birth d. volume of blood in skin capillaries
9. Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
a. sensation b. excretion c. immunity d. all are skin functions
10. Which of the following is the vitamin synthesized by the skin?
a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin D
11. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of heat loss by the skin?
a. evaporation b. vasoconstriction c. radiation d. convection
12. Langerhans cells are mechanisms of action of which function of skin?
a. immunity b. excretion c. endocrine d. sensation
13. Which structure compares actual body temperature with set point temperature then sends out appropriate correction signals to effectors?
a. pituitary b. hypothalamus c. thalamus d. none of the choices
14. Blisters, severe pain, and generalized swelling are characteristic of which type of burn?
a. first degree b. second degree c. third degree
15. The developing fetus is covered by fine soft hair called
a. vellus b. lanugo c. fetalis follicle d. none of the above
16. Which of the following is associated with hair?
a. sebaceous glands b. ceruminous glands c. eccrine glands d. none of the above
17. Ceruminous glands are foud in the
a. axilla b. soles of feet c. ear canal d. all of the above
18. The most numerous, important and widespread sweat glands in the body are
a. apocrine b. eccrine/ merocrine c. ceruminous d. sebaceous
19. An individual with curly hair has a ______shaft.
a. round b. flat c. oblong d. all of the choices
True or False. Correct the underlined word if the statement is false.
______1. Most of the body is covered by thick skin.
______2. A surgeon would most likely prefer to make an incision parallel to Langer Cleavage lines.
______3. Subcutaneous layer and hypodermis are synonymous terms
______4. The skin is a minor factor in the body’s thermoregulatory mechanism
______5. The hair follicle is an extension of the epidermis into the dermis, forming a small tube.
______6. The inner core of the hair is called the cortex
______7. One of the factors associated with male pattern baldness is testosterone.
______8. Growth of nails is due to mitosis in the stratum corneum.
______9. Hypothermia is associated with an unusually high body temperature
______10. Local damage caused by extremely low temperatures is referred to sunburn.
______11. Skin is approximately 26% of your body weight.
______12. Thin skin has 4 layers of simple squamous epithelium.
______13. Desosomes hold adipose tissue together.
______14. Stratum granulosum is the extra layer found in thick skin.
______15. The basale layer of the epidermis is connected to the basement membrane
______16. It takes approximately 15 – 30 days to replace cells in the outer layer of the epidermis.
______17. Melanin is found in the stratum spinosum
______18. There are approximately 100 million hairs on the average adult body.
______19. Mammary glands are modified sebaceous glands.
______20. Ceruminous glands are located in the external auditory canal.
______21. Nails can be utilized as a diagnostic tool to measure a person’s health.
Label the diagram below.
Anat and Phys
Basement membrane
Epidermis
Hair shaft
Sebaceous gland
Hypodermis
Dermal papilla
Dermis
Hair follicle
Sweat gland
Anat and Phys
Label the following parts of the nail.
Anat and Phys
Nail bed
Free edge
Lunula
Cuticle
Nail root
Anat and Phys
Label the parts of the hair diagram
Medulla cortex germinal matrix cuticle
What is the rule of nines used for?
Place % in areas used to determine the rule of nines.
SHORT ANSWERS. Place these questions on a separate piece of paper.
1. Explain the process that cells undergo from the deepest layer of epidermis to the most superficial layer.
2. List the functions of skin.
3. Which layers of the epidermis contain keratin?
4. List 2 major mechanisms that determine skin color.
5. What is the function of melanin?
6. List and describe two layers of the dermis.
7. What is the function(s) of hair?
8. Explain the process of how hair is produced and grows
9. List what occurs to the integument system as humans age.