SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 1Reasons for non-elective admissions in the control group excluding ZBDs

Categories / Sub-categories / Non-elective admissions / Admissions cost (£) / Excess bed day cost (£)
Infections / UTI / 457,040 / 1,308,878,706 / 86,540,940
Pneumonia / 1,089,265 / 3,070,321,597 / 223,970,243
Septicaemia / 69,394 / 212,360,406 / 13,805,181
Cellulitis / 148,901 / 360,375,335 / 26,849,127
Neuropsychiatric disorders / Senility / 95,260 / 283,787,111 / 17,654,524
Disorientation / 58,183 / 145,864,809 / 16,641,607
Delirium / 15,340 / 7,672,104 / 2,172,521
Hallucinations / 2,183 / 297,864 / 61,139
Problems relating to blood pressure / Syncope & collapse / 183,168 / 275,767,500 / 21,252,055
Orthostatic hypotension / 45,931 / 84,167,001 / 13,946,523
Hypotension / 10,271 / 19,179,036 / 3,180,752
Acute renal failure / 109,491 / 381,964,643 / 23,575,006
Volume depletion / 29,194 / 78,321,892 / 4,346,054
Falls & fractures / Fracture neck of femur / 252,059 / 1,486,141,293 / 46,531,692
Head injuries / 95,963 / 156,150,784 / 23,240,964
Other fractures / 163,258 / 479,608,842 / 47,833,068
Gastrointestinal disorders / Constipation / 90,247 / 201,767,574 / 8,612,370
Dysphagia / 15,063 / 40,896,900 / 5,152,693
Gastroenteritis / 171,988 / 387,719,186 / 34,906,804
Nausea & vomiting / 58,531 / 103,814,381 / 4,579,029
Cardiovascular disorders / Cardiac-related / 1,286,168 / 2,505,795,648 / 149,445,919
Stroke / 272,006 / 1,222,495,198 / 117,306,878
TIA / 72,192 / 122,932,368 / 10,699,797
Genitourinary & renal disorders / Urinary retention / 60,585 / 108,545,215 / 6,352,785
Complications with catheter / 18,850 / 35,439,361 / 1,977,765
Haematuria / 46,186 / 80,767,214 / 4,782,350
Other / (All other admissions ) / 10,751,808 / * / *
Total / 15,668,525

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 2 Non-elective admission count between PD and control group for UTI, pneumonia, hip fractures and other fractures excluding ZBDs

Gender / Age / PD / Control / Gender / Age / PD / Control
UTI / Hip fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 7 / 4,664 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 1 / 1,422
45 – 54 yrs / 43 / 8,442 / 45 – 54 yrs / 8 / 2,680
55 – 64 yrs / 340 / 15,391 / 55 – 64 yrs / 100 / 5,228
65 – 74 yrs / 1,933 / 30,379 / 65 – 74 yrs / 630 / 9,783
75 – 84 yrs / 5,415 / 59,136 / 75 – 84 yrs / 1960 / 22,643
> 85 yrs / 2,891 / 60,933 / > 85 yrs / 1113 / 25,132
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 11 / 12,034 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 2 / 591
45 – 54 yrs / 33 / 14,022 / 45 – 54 yrs / 4 / 2,394
55 – 64 yrs / 206 / 17,562 / 55 – 64 yrs / 94 / 7,636
65 – 74 yrs / 1,119 / 32,000 / 65 – 74 yrs / 786 / 19,961
75 – 84 yrs / 3,967 / 80,087 / 75 – 84 yrs / 2526 / 63,222
> 85 yrs / 2,843 / 122,390 / > 85 yrs / 1551 / 91,367
Pneumonia / Other fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 9 / 18,531 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 0 / 7,517
45 – 54 yrs / 78 / 32,055 / 45 – 54 yrs / 10 / 8,470
55 – 64 yrs / 582 / 65,436 / 55 – 64 yrs / 44 / 7,723
65 – 74 yrs / 3024 / 119,786 / 65 – 74 yrs / 193 / 6,865
75 – 84 yrs / 8897 / 168,447 / 75 – 84 yrs / 450 / 7,583
> 85 yrs / 5704 / 136,378 / > 85 yrs / 197 / 6,709
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 19 / 18,373 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 2 / 4,836
45 – 54 yrs / 29 / 30,618 / 45 – 54 yrs / 2 / 8,299
55 – 64 yrs / 260 / 59,256 / 55 – 64 yrs / 70 / 15,057
65 – 74 yrs / 1330 / 99,519 / 65 – 74 yrs / 410 / 19,263
75 – 84 yrs / 4091 / 158,531 / 75 – 84 yrs / 996 / 33,902
> 85 yrs / 3581 / 182,335 / > 85 yrs / 541 / 37,034

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 3 Comparison of non-elective admissions between Parkinson's disease and control groups for UTI, pneumonia, hip fractures and other fractures excluding ZBDs

Gender / Age / PD
(%) / Control
(%) / Relative proportions / Gender / Age / PD
(%) / Control
(%) / Relative proportions
UTI / Hip fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 1.97 / 0.49 / 4.0 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 0.28 / 0.15 / 1.9
45 – 54 yrs / 2.40 / 0.74 / 3.2 / 45 – 54 yrs / 0.45 / 0.24 / 1.9
55 – 64 yrs / 4.24 / 1.19 / 3.6 / 55 – 64 yrs / 1.25 / 0.41 / 3.0
65 – 74 yrs / 6.48 / 2.00 / 3.2 / 65 – 74 yrs / 2.11 / 0.64 / 3.3
75 – 84 yrs / 8.35 / 3.58 / 2.3 / 75 – 84 yrs / 3.02 / 1.37 / 2.2
> 85 yrs / 9.19 / 2.12 / 4.3 / > 85 yrs / 3.54 / 0.88 / 4.0
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 4.80 / 0.62 / 7.7 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 0.87 / 0.03 / 29.0
45 – 54 yrs / 4.18 / 1.34 / 3.1 / 45 – 54 yrs / 0.51 / 0.23 / 2.2
55 – 64 yrs / 5.07 / 1.68 / 3.0 / 55 – 64 yrs / 2.31 / 0.73 / 3.2
65 – 74 yrs / 6.40 / 2.45 / 2.6 / 65 – 74 yrs / 4.50 / 1.53 / 2.9
75 – 84 yrs / 8.85 / 4.29 / 2.1 / 75 – 84 yrs / 5.64 / 3.38 / 1.7
> 85 yrs / 9.73 / 3.52 / 2.8 / > 85 yrs / 5.31 / 2.63 / 2.0
Age and sex standardised risk - 6.0 per 100 admissions (95% CI 5.9, 6.1); proportional admission ratio – 2.63 (95% CI 2.59, 2.67, p<0.0001) / Age and sex standardised risk - 2.8 per 100 admission (95% CI 2.7, 2.8); proportional admission ratio – 2.21 (95% CI 2.16, 2.25, p<0.0001)
Pneumonia / Other fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 2.53 / 1.97 / 1.3 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 0.00 / 0.80 / 0.0
45 – 54 yrs / 4.36 / 2.82 / 1.5 / 45 – 54 yrs / 0.56 / 0.74 / 0.8
55 – 64 yrs / 7.25 / 5.08 / 1.4 / 55 – 64 yrs / 0.55 / 0.60 / 0.9
65 – 74 yrs / 10.14 / 7.89 / 1.3 / 65 – 74 yrs / 0.65 / 0.45 / 1.4
75 – 84 yrs / 13.72 / 10.19 / 1.3 / 75 – 84 yrs / 0.69 / 0.46 / 1.5
> 85 yrs / 18.13 / 4.75 / 3.8 / > 85 yrs / 0.63 / 0.23 / 2.7
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 8.30 / 0.95 / 8.7 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 0.87 / 0.25 / 3.5
45 – 54 yrs / 3.68 / 2.94 / 1.3 / 45 – 54 yrs / 0.25 / 0.80 / 0.3
55 – 64 yrs / 6.40 / 5.67 / 1.1 / 55 – 64 yrs / 1.72 / 1.44 / 1.2
65 – 74 yrs / 7.61 / 7.61 / 1.0 / 65 – 74 yrs / 2.35 / 1.47 / 1.6
75 – 84 yrs / 9.13 / 8.48 / 1.1 / 75 – 84 yrs / 2.22 / 1.81 / 1.2
> 85 yrs / 12.26 / 5.24 / 2.3 / > 85 yrs / 1.85 / 1.07 / 1.7
Age and sex standardised risk - 8.4 per 100 admission (95% CI 8.3, 8.5); proportional admission ratio - 1.55 (95% CI 1.53, 1.57, p<0.0001) / Age and sex standardised risk - 1.2 per 100 admission (95% CI 1.1, 1.2); proportional admission ratio - 1.45 (95% CI 1.39, 1.50, p<0.0001)

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 4Comparison of mean length of stay for non-elective admissions between PD and control group for UTI, pneumonia, hip fractures and other fractures excluding ZBDs

Gender / Age / PD (Days) / Control (Days) / Gender / Age / PD (Days) / Control (Days)
UTI / Hip fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 6 / 5 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 12 / 10
45 – 54 yrs / 9 / 6 / 45 – 54 yrs / 7 / 12
55 – 64 yrs / 11 / 7 / 55 – 64 yrs / 22 / 15
65 – 74 yrs / 15 / 8 / 65 – 74 yrs / 25 / 18
75 – 84 yrs / 16 / 11 / 75 – 84 yrs / 29 / 22
> 85 yrs / 17 / 13 / > 85 yrs / 28 / 24
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 8 / 4 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 5 / 10
45 – 54 yrs / 8 / 5 / 45 – 54 yrs / 40 / 11
55 – 64 yrs / 11 / 7 / 55 – 64 yrs / 20 / 13
65 – 74 yrs / 14 / 9 / 65 – 74 yrs / 24 / 16
75 – 84 yrs / 16 / 12 / 75 – 84 yrs / 26 / 20
> 85 yrs / 16 / 14 / > 85 yrs / 26 / 23
Pneumonia / Other fractures
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 10 / 6 / Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 0 / 4
45 – 54 yrs / 13 / 7 / 45 – 54 yrs / 18 / 5
55 – 64 yrs / 14 / 8 / 55 – 64 yrs / 15 / 6
65 – 74 yrs / 15 / 9 / 65 – 74 yrs / 18 / 8
75 – 84 yrs / 16 / 11 / 75 – 84 yrs / 19 / 13
> 85 yrs / 17 / 13 / > 85 yrs / 19 / 16
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 6 / 6 / Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 4 / 4
45 – 54 yrs / 21 / 6 / 45 – 54 yrs / 7 / 4
55 – 64 yrs / 14 / 7 / 55 – 64 yrs / 10 / 4
65 – 74 yrs / 15 / 9 / 65 – 74 yrs / 13 / 6
75 – 84 yrs / 15 / 12 / 75 – 84 yrs / 18 / 12
> 85 yrs / 16 / 13 / > 85 yrs / 19 / 16

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 5 Deaths during admissions*

Gender / Age / PD / Control / Relative proportions
Died / Total admissions / Proportion
(%) / Died / Total admissions / proportion
(%)
Male / 35 – 44 yrs / 1 / 650 / 0.2 / 6,576 / 2,407,032 / 0.3 / 0.7
45 – 54 yrs / 30 / 3,463 / 0.9 / 16,331 / 3,334,200 / 0.5 / 1.8
55 – 64 yrs / 266 / 15,585 / 1.7 / 40,313 / 4,463,862 / 0.9 / 1.9
65 – 74 yrs / 1,986 / 49,144 / 4.0 / 81,834 / 5,345,948 / 1.5 / 2.7
75 – 84 yrs / 6,749 / 87,232 / 7.7 / 141,343 / 4,561,930 / 3.1 / 2.5
> 85 yrs / 4,454 / 36,624 / 12.2 / 130,592 / 3,691,986 / 3.5 / 3.5
Total / 13,486 / 192,698 / 7.0 / 416,989 / 23,804,958 / 1.8 / 3.9
Female / 35 – 44 yrs / 7 / 418 / 1.7 / 5,590 / 4,002,933 / 0.1 / 17.0
45 – 54 yrs / 15 / 1,766 / 0.8 / 13,533 / 3,883,641 / 0.3 / 2.7
55 – 64 yrs / 133 / 8,220 / 1.6 / 30,387 / 4,236,542 / 0.7 / 2.3
65 – 74 yrs / 806 / 28,641 / 2.8 / 60,118 / 4,735,830 / 1.3 / 2.2
75 – 84 yrs / 3,308 / 57,364 / 5.8 / 132,721 / 4,461,605 / 3 / 1.9
> 85 yrs / 3,190 / 32,559 / 9.8 / 195,904 / 4,303,665 / 4.6 / 2.1
Total / 7,459 / 128,968 / 5.8 / 438,253 / 25,624,216 / 1.7 / 3.4
Age and sex adjusted mortality risk 4.3 per 100 admissions (95% CI 4.2, 4.3);
Proportional mortality ratio - 2.46 (95%CI 2.42, 2.49, p<0.0001)

* Only admissions and deaths occurring within the 4 year study period are included