University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Professor Christiane Lemke
Poli Science 121 Europe Undivided Fall 2005
Mon, Wed, Fri 8:00 – 10:30 a. m. Office hours: Mon, Wed, 11-12
UCIS, seminar room
Politics of EU-Enlargement
On May 1, 2004, ten new states joined the European Union. With 25 member states and a population of 450 million the EU emerges as one of the most powerful economic regions in the world. The recent accession of ten new member states widened the EU, challenging European institutions and policies.
The seminar will address the enlargement of the EU from a political science perspective. Special emphasis will be placed on the most recent enlargement and its implications. Therefore, Eastern enlargement will be an important focus of the class. Why do the post-communist countries wish to join the European Union? What are the implications for these new members? How are EU-institutions changing to adjust to enlargement? Another key issue is the significance of future enlargements. Currently, the EU is considering the opening of accession negotiations with Turkey, a predominantly Muslim country. Should Turkey become a member and what are the implications for the concept of Europe? Should the EU expand even further, and what is the role of the EU in the Balkan countries?
We will study different theoretical approaches to enlargement such as constructivism and rationalism, explore concepts of a united Europe, and study the process of enlargement from an institutionalist perspective. The course will also include some research on minority rights and citizenship in the European Union.
This is an intensive seminar with three sessions each week. Please prepare the readings for each week. Class time will be divided each week between short introductory lectures, discussion of readings and key topics, and short student´s presentations.
Readings:
Desmond Dinan, Europe Recast: A History of the European Union (Lynne Rienner, 2004).
Peter Poole, Europe Unites: The EU´s Eastern Enlargement, (Praeger Publisher, 2003).
Milada Vachudova: Europe Undivided. Democracy, Leverage and Integration after Communism, (Oxford University Press 2005)
In addition there are some articles and other materials on reserve on the website for this course:
www.gps.uni-hannover.de/europe/poli121
Additionally recommended for background information:
European Commission. 2004. The European Union: A Guide for Americans. Washington DC: Delegation of the European Commission to the United States
http://eurunion.org/infores/home.htm
Website of EU: http://europa.eu.int
Course Requirements
“Event of the week” in European politics (15%).
Each student will give a short presentation in class addressing a current issue about
European integration that draws on newspaper articles and other first hand sources.
Midterm (30%). This will consist of short answer questions and will take place during the fourth week of class (September 23).
Research Paper (40%). Each student will write a 12-15 page research paper related to EU-enlargement and the impact of membership on new countries. The papers are due on Oct 14.
Attendance and regular participation in class discussions (15%).
Questions and Absences
If you have questions about the course, please come and see me during office hours. Please email me at to explain absences. Please note: I will not be able to answer substantive questions over email.
Course Schedule
Week 1: Introduction – The Current State of the European Union
Aug 31, Sept. 2
Topics: Why was the European Union created? How have goals changed?
Concepts of European integration: Federalism, Intergovernmentalism etc.
How did the German question shape European integration?
Deepening and Widening: Constitutionalism, Enlargement and Euroskepticism
Readings:
Dinan, Europe Recast, Introduction, chap. 1 (“What kind of Union?”) pp. 1-44
Poole, Europe Unites, chap. 1 and Appendix (“From Confederacy to Federation”)
Selected Newspaper Articles
Additional literature:
Cindy Skach (2005): We, the Peoples? Constitutionalizing the European Union,
Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 149-70 (online)
http://www.ces.fas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/index.html?skach
Week 2: History and Evolution of Enlargement I
Sept. 5, 7, 9 H
Topics: Three Waves of Enlargement: 1970s (Northern enlargement),
1980s (Southern enlargement), 1990s (Second Northern enlargement)
How did enlargement affect European identity? How do states differ?
What kind of institutional changes, such as structural funds, regional policy?
Readings:
Dinan, Europe Recast, chap. 4 and 5 (selec.) chap. 8 (all)
From Six to Nine, chap. 4, pp. 135-157,
Mediterranean Countries, chap. 5 pp. 183-192,
The Challenges of Enlargements, chap. 8, pp. 268-297
Poole, Europe Unites, chap. 2
The Patterns of Previous Enlargements
Week 3: Evolution of Enlargement II: The End of the Cold War and the New Europe
Sept. 12, 14, 16
Topics: The Collapse of Communism and the Democratization in East Central Europe
Peaceful Revolution and the Unification of Germany
“Return to Europe” and Opposition (Vachudova)
Explaining Enlargement: Norms and Rhetorical Action (Schimmelfennig)
Readings:
Poole, Europe Unites, chap. 3
The Eastern Enlargement
Schimmelfennig, Frank (2000): The Community Trap. Liberal Norms, Rhetorical Action, and the Eastern Enlargements of the European Union, International Organization, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 47-80 (online)
Vachodova, Europe Undivided, chap.2
Liberal and Illiberal Democracy after Communism, pp. 25-62
Week 4: Negotiating EU-Enlargement I: Costs, Benefits, and Active Leverage
Sept. 19, 21, 23 (Midterm)
Topics: Eastern enlargement: Political competition and active leverage (Vachudova)
From Copenhagen (1993) to Copenhagen (2003): What is the role of
democratization, human rights, and market economy
New members and candidate countries
Rationalist vs. constructivist views
Readings:
Vachodova, Europe Undivided, chap. 4 (selec.), chap. 5, chap 7 (selec.)
Pressure for Enlargement, pp. 92-104
The Active Leverage of the EU, pp. 106-138, and pp. 181-221
Reforming the State and the Economy1997-2004
Additional literature:
Christiane Lemke (2005): Germany and European Integration: In Support of Eastern
Enlargement, in: Ariane Landuyt, ed., Gli allargamenti della CEE/UE, il Mulino, pp. 151-
167 (on-line)
Special Topic: Federal Elections in Germany
Week 5: EU-Enlargement II: Active Leverage, Minority Rights, and Institutional
Changes
Sept. 26, 28, 30
Topics: The Impact of Active leverage: Ethnic minorities, citizenship
How did the EU adjust to enlargement?
Constitutionalism in Europe
Readings:
Dinan, Europe Recast, chap. 8, pp. 298-318
Policy Change
Poole, Europe Unites, chap. 11 (“Immigration and Enlargement”)
Vachudova, Europe Undivided, chap. 6 (selec.), 7
Ethnic minorities, pp. 145-159
Additional literature:
Thomas Faist (2000): Transnationalization in international migration: implications for the
study of citizenship and culture, Ethnic and Racial Studies,(23), No. 2, pp. 189–222 online
http://tires.euv-frankfurt-o.de/data/pdf-doc/Faist_transnationalization.pdf
Christiane Lemke, Concepts of Europe and the Eastern Enlargement, in: Ariane Landuyt
Daniel Pasquerini, ed., (2005): Gli allargamenti della CEE/UE, il Mulino, pp. 727-
752 (online)
Week 6: Future Enlargements I: Should Turkey Become a Member of the EU
Oct. 3, 5, 7
Topics: Why does Turkey want to join? What is the economic and social situation?
Minority Rights: The Kurds and other minorities
European identity and Islam: Is Turkey a Bridge to modern Islam?
What is Germany´s position towards enlargement?
Readings:
Jytte Klausen: “The term ‘Muslim’ refers to both faith and identity", Interview by
Clémence Delmas, Berlin, 13.12.2004 (online)
http://www.cafebabel.com/en/article.asp?T=A&Id=1021
Poole, The EU´s Eastern Enlargement, chap. 13, 14, pp. 175-191
Vachudova, Undivided Europe, chap. 8 (selec.)
Explaining the Past and Future, pp. 242-259
EU-Commission: 2004 Regular Report on Turkey´s progress towards accession
http://europa.eu.int/comm/enlargement/turkey/index.htm (online)
Additional literature
Schimmelfennig, Frank, Stefan Engert, Heiko Knobel (2003): Costs, Commitment and Compliance: The Impact of EU Democratic Conditionality on Latvia, Slovakia, and Turkey, Journal of Common Market Studies, 41 (3), pp. 495-518
Week 7: Discussion of Perspectives
Papers are due on Oct. 14
These last sessions are devoted to student´s research and meetings.
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