1. the Judiciary Act of 1789 Created Which of the Following

Mastery Check 2

8th grade Social Studies

1. The Judiciary Act of 1789 created which of the following:

1. 3 Appeals Courts
2. A Supreme Court
3. 13 District Courts
4. All of the above

2. Which of the following individuals was the chief justice for the Marbury v. Madison, Gibbons v. Ogden, and McCulloch v. Maryland decisions?

1. John Marshall
2. Earl Warren
3. Warren Burger
4. John Jay

3. Which of the following was an important precedent established by Marbury v.

Madison of 1803?

1. It established the Supreme Court as the ultimate authority on the U.S. Constitution.
2. This case established the details of the system of checks and balances.
3. It created the 13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.’
4. It was the first court case to address the freedom of slaves.

4. Marbury v. Madison, an 1803 court case, affirmed which power of the Supreme

Court?

1. Power as the only government branch that can veto
2. Power to make laws that affect the U.S. government
3. Power as the only federal court in the United States
4. Power to determine whether a law is constitutional

5. One of the issues that led to the Civil War was whether final authority to interpret

the U.S. Constitution belonged to the —

1. states or the territories
2. Supreme Court or Congress
3. national government or the states
4. Supreme Court or the president

6. Which of the following documents was the first to ban slavery in a state or territory of the United States of America?

A. Bill of Rights

B. Emancipation Proclamation

C. the Constitution

D. Northwest Ordinance of 1787

7. How were Native Americans impacted by the construction of the Transcontinental

Railroad?

A. Native Americans were able to move more freely around the country.

B. Native Americans became wealthy when they sold land to the railroad.

C. The railroad accelerated the decline of Native American cultures.

D. Railroad construction caused wars between various tribes in the Great

Plains.

8. After the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, more land

became settled by whites.

What was the result of this settlement?

A. the end of slavery in the United States

B. conflict with the Native Americans

C. fighting over land with the French

D. a better relationship with Great Britain

9. In the American West in the late 1800s, the U.S. government moved thousands of

Native Americans onto land that was set aside in Oklahoma. Why did the

government move the Native Americans?

A. to keep them from declaring war on the United States

B. to show that the government honors its treaties

C. to use them as cheap labor on farms

D. to clear the land for white settlers

10. The Comanche, a Native American tribe of the American West, had a population of

20,000 in the early 1800s. By the 1870s, it had dropped to about 3,000. This large

drop in population most likely happened for which of these reasons?

A. the natural process of aging and dying

B. Indian wars with the white settlers

C. diseases brought by the white settlers

D. no food on reservation land

11. Explain how the invention of the steamboat helped bring down prices of goods.

A. The steamboat limited the supply of goods.

B. The steamboat increased distribution of goods.

C. The steamboat caused production to be expensive.

D. The steamboat was affordable to all citizens.

12. Which of the following is an accurate description of the Industrial Revolution?

A. a huge wave of immigration that dramatically changed the labor market

B. a war between the workers and the rich industrialists

C. the intense competition among large corporations for new customers

D. the transition from an economy based on agriculture to one based on

manufacturing

13. Interchangeable parts are pieces of any device that are guaranteed to fit with any

device of the same type. How did interchangeable parts contribute to the Industrial

Revolution?

A. Interchangeable parts forced skilled gunsmiths to join factories.

B. Interchangeable parts made mass production easier and cheaper.

C. Interchangeable parts helped factory workers be less confused.

D. Interchangeable parts made cotton-picking faster and safer.

14. Industrial Revolution started from England and spread throughout Europe, North

America, and eventually the world. Why was England the first country in which the

Industrial Revolution started?

A. England had local supplies of the raw materials it needed for manufacturing.

B. The damp weather in North West of England made people more productive.

C. England had more people than other countries for labor in the factories.

D. The English government wanted its people to progress faster than the

others.

15. What was the key factor to the industrial development of cities such as Pittsburgh,

Cleveland, and Chicago?

A. favorable climate

B. large populations

C. vast mineral resources

D. access to waterways

16. Many labor unions opposed immigration, arguing that most immigrants

A. had no marketable skills. / C. / would not join a union.
B. would work for low wages. / D. / did not understand English.

17. Which statement would be considered a reason for the increase in immigrant

population at the turn of the century?

A. As technology advanced, the need for skilled workers decreased, creating

more jobs for immigrants.

B. More immigrants were able to obtain the necessary paperwork to

immigrateto the United States.

C. The United States began to allow immigrants of all nationalities to

immigrateto America.

D. Immigrants held the necessary skills needed to work in the newly forming

factories in America.

18. Why did so many immigrants flock to urban areas instead of rural areas once they

reached America?

A. Immigrants were not willing or able to do the work in rural America,

such asfarming.

B. Immigrants were not welcome in any of the rural areas throughout

America.

C. Immigrants were needed to fill the labor needs of growing city

industries.

D. Immigrants did not have a choice as to where they would live once

they arrived in the U.S.

19. The development of the railroads during the 1800s dramatically changed life for all

inAmerica. In which of the following ways did the railroads impact the lives of

European immigrants?

A. They provided jobs for many immigrants.

B. They alienated immigrants from the Americans.

C. They forced immigrants to give up their cultural practices.

D. They allowed immigrants a new way to easily reach the U.S.

.

20. The nativists were afraid that ____ would gain too much power, according

to the diagram.

A.the ChineseC.immigrant workers

B.convictsD.the Catholic religion

21. The map above shows that the population has grown more in some states than in

others. The numbers for each state show the percent that the population grew

between 1900 and 1950. Which of these states had the smallest change in

population?

A. Georgia

B. Alaska

C. Utah

D. Iowa

22. The map above shows how much each state's population grew between 1900 and

1950. The number below eachstate name shows the percent of population growth.

Which of these states had the highest growth in population?

A. Mississippi

B. Alabama

C. Ohio

D. California

23. According to the graph, the most people moved out of

A. Medicine Hat.

B. Lethbridge.

C. Red Deer.

D. Grand Prairie.

24.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau

According to the graph, from which region did the most foreign-born people come?

A. Europe

B. Latin America

C. Africa

D. Asia

U.S. Foreign Born Population Top 10 Countries

25. Between 1880 and 2000, how did the number of immigrants living in the United States who were from Germany change?

A. The number decreased.

B. There is not enough information to tell.

C. The number increased.

D. The number stayed about the same.

26.Which of these incentives is considered a benefit?

A. health insurance

B. performance review

C. safe conditions

D. wage levels

27. Some companies offer benefits such as 401k plans or pensions. These are types

of retirement plans designed to encourage

A. professional behavior.

B. more work training.

C. safer work conditions.

D. long-term employment.

28. Alicia is a shift supervisor in a local office supply store. She is writing

performance reviews for all her employees. In each review she must score the

employee's customer service, quality of work, and team attitude over a period of

one year. If the total score is above 85%, the employee will receive a wage

increase. This type of incentive is designed to

A. strengthen the differences between employees.

B. encourage employees to perform well all year.

C. discourage the weakest employees from leaving.

D. cause employees to fear their supervisors.

29. Leonard is a cook at a diner. He is a good cook, but can be slow at getting

orders ready. His boss is considering different incentives to get Leonard to cook

faster. Which of these is a positive incentive?

A. giving Leonard low scores on a performance review

B. giving Leonard a lecture in front of other employees

C. asking Leonard to pay for the business they lost

D. offering Leonard a pay increase if he meets a goal

30. The items in the list above are examples of

A. regular promotions.

B. negative incentives.

C. positive incentives.

D. guaranteed benefits.

Social Studies Eight First Mastery Check Performance Based Assessment

Using the Venn diagram of Federal and State powers above, choose a power that is not held by the state, and explain in a five sentence paragraph why it is not a state power?

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Paragraph Writing Rubric
Features for evaluating a paragraph / Revise / Accept / Superior Quality
1. Topic sentence is clear and correctly placed. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
2. Mechanics are correct (i.e., punctuation, capitalization, and spelling). / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
3. Appropriate vocabulary and word choices. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
4. All sentences are proper, clear, and relate back to the topic. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
5. Sentences are of varied length. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
6. Correct use of words. (i.e.. subject-verb agreement, correct use of pronouns etc.) / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
7. The writing is neat, and readable, with no marked out words or other corrections. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
8. The paragraph is focused and presents a single unified idea. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
9. The paragraph achieves its intended purpose. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
10. The paragraph is interesting and appealing. / 1, 2, 3, 4 / 5, 6, 7 / 8, 9
Dimensions / Minimal 1, 2 / Average 3, 4, 5 / Superior 6,7
General Merit:
• Does the paper present and support a valid position, at least from the wrtier's point of view?
• Does the paper argue adequately to the particular point of view expressed? / In a "minimal" paper the writer does not marshal significant arguments to support the position taken. Arguments are unsupported or superficial, contradict the position taken, or are irrelevant or off the point. / In an "average" paper the writer has met the task expectation in a generally satisfactory but undistinguished, trite way. The overall impression is that the writer did not give serious thought to the development of arguments. The writer lacks conviction. / In a "superior" paper the writer proceeds to advance proof in a logical and interesting way on his/her position. There is a clear element of conviction and an expectation of the reader's acceptance of the writer's position. Although wording and syntax may not be uniformly superior, the overall impression left with the reader overrides occasional faults in these areas.
Ideas:
• Are the ideas presented clear, significant, and relevant to the argument.
• Are they well developed and are they presented persuasively? / In a "minimal" paper the writer is unable to marshal appropriate or adequate evidence to support or prove the position taken. The ideas are often confused, sometimes reflecting both sides of the argument, so that it is not clear exactly where the writer stands. / The ideas in the "average" paper contains an unevenness of quality and relevance. The arguments may be faulty or not persuasive enough to make a convincing case. A common fault is wordiness in lieu of solid ideas. / The reasons offered in the "superior" paper are on target and sufficiently developed to form a convincing body of evidence for the position taken. The significance of the ideas presented and the validity of those ideas clearly support and advance the writer's position.