10/2

SI A ECL 365

Endocrine

  1. The endocrine system works with the ______system and has both

______and ______responses.

  1. Nervous, slow-acting and long-lasting
  1. Name 3 things the endocrine system controls.
  2. Reproduction
  3. Growth
  4. Behavior
  5. Color change – rapid
  6. Metabolism – rapid
  1. Describe endocrine glands.
  2. Ductless glands containing secreting cells that produce hormones
  1. What are hormones?
  2. Complex chemicals, stimulate changes in other parts of the body
  1. ______is the “master center” of the endocrine system and is found in

the ______.

  1. Hypothalamus, brain
  1. They hypothalamus produces ______which stimulate the ______.
  2. Releasing hormones, pituitary gland
  1. What are the two portions of the pituitary gland?
  2. Anterior and posterior
  1. Name and describe the hormones produced in the anterior pituitary.
  2. Follicle stimulating hormone: FSH
  3. Egg (ovule – produced by ovaries) and sperm production (testes)
  4. Luteinizing Hormone: LH
  5. Induces ovulation, estrogen and progesterone production (females)
  6. Testosterone production in males

Gonadotropins: FSH and LH

  1. Hormones affecting gonads (development and growth)
  1. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: TSH
  2. causes thyroid to produce hormones
  3. Growth Hormone: GH
  4. stimulate body cells to grow and maintain body size once attained, help maintain structure.
  5. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
  6. Causes adrenal cortex to produce hormones
  7. Important for molting
  8. Prolactin
  9. Maturation of mammary glands, mild production, nest building, protection of young
  1. Name and describe the hormones stored in the posterior pituitary.
  2. Oxytocin
  3. Uterine contractions in mammals, milk release
  4. can stimulate labor
  5. Vasopressin (also ADH)
  6. Regulates water loss by kidneys
  1. What produces the oxytocin and vasopressin?
  2. Hypothalamus
  1. Which gland is located in the neck? What hormone controls it? What hormone is produced by this gland?
  2. Thyroid, TSH, Thyroxin
  1. Which hormone is a key to metamorphosis in amphibians?
  2. Thyroxin
  1. Describe the Parathyroid gland and its products.
  2. 2 pairs, near thyroid
  3. Parathyroidic Hormone: PTH
  4. Controls calcium levels in blood
  5. Important for shell and bone formation
  1. ______gland is found next to the kidneys in mammals and is

controlled by ______.

  1. Adrenal gland, Adrenocorticotropic hormone
  1. Name and describe the two areas of the adrenal gland.
  2. Cortex:
  3. Outer part, makes several hormones that control glucose and minerals.
  4. Medulla
  5. Inner part, makes epinephrine and norepinephrin
  6. ______is another name for epinephrine and ______

is another name for norephinephrin.

  1. Adrenaline and noradrenaline
  1. What hormones are produced in the Islet Cells of the pancreas? Describe them.
  2. Insulin:
  3. Controls blood glucose, allows body to use glucose
  4. Increases glucose storage (less glucose in the blood)
  5. Glucagon:
  6. Similar to insulin, but opposite effect
  7. Decreases glucose storage, increases glucose in blood
  1. ______is caused by a lack of insulin.
  2. Diabetes
  1. The ______secretes ______during dark, thus it

is negatively light sensitive. It is responsible for ______in lizards

preceeding dormancy. It is linked to ______

______in humans.

  1. Pineal gland, melatonin, hypothermia, seasonal affective disorder
  1. In females, the ______are controlled by gondadotropins. These produce what hormones?
  2. ovaries
  3. Estrogen:
  4. Sexual development and behavior; secondary sex traits
  5. Progesterone:
  6. Reproductive tract, mammary gland maturation; maternal behavior
  7. Relaxin:
  8. Prepare body for labor, cervix dilates
  1. In males, gonadotropins control the______, which produce ______.
  2. Testes, androgens (testosterone)
  1. Name the functions of androgens.
  2. Development of male repro behavior
  3. Secondary sexual characteristics in males
  4. “Challenge response” correlated with increase testosterone
  1. Androgens are ______hormones and steroid based.
  2. Steroid
  1. What are the three most common androgens?
  2. Estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
  1. Describe receptors.
  2. Note changes in the environment, such as photoperiod, water temperature, sexual displays (etc.),
  3. Trigger hypothalamus to make releasing hormones
  4. Releasing hormones trigger gonadotropins