Integrated Science Chapter 9 TEST (mrk 2011)
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Figure 9-1 contains a model of graphite. Which of the following statements is true about graphite?
a. / Within each layer, the atoms form alternating single and double bonds.b. / Graphite is an example of a network solid.
c. / Each carbon atom in graphite is bonded to four other carbon atoms.
d. / The bonds between graphite layers are weaker than the bonds within graphite layers.
____ 2. In buckminsterfullerene, carbon atoms are
a. / bonded in a network solid.b. / bonded to three other carbon atoms in widely spaced layers.
c. / bonded in alternating hexagons and pentagons on the surface of a hollow sphere.
d. / not bonded to each other.
____ 3. Which of the following statements helps explain why there are millions of carbon compounds?
a. / Carbon has four valence electrons.b. / Carbon atoms form bonds with other carbon atoms.
c. / Carbon atoms can form single, double, and triple bonds.
d. / all of the above
____ 4. Which of the following statements is true?
a. / Organic compounds always contain carbon and hydrogen.b. / Organic compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen.
c. / Organic compounds are produced only in organisms.
d. / About 10 percent of all known compounds are organic compounds.
____ 5. The carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon CANNOT be arranged in
a. / straight chains. / c. / rings.b. / branched chains / d. / a network solid.
____ 6. Butane has the formula C4H10. Which of the following is the formula of cyclobutane?
a. / C4H4 / c. / C4H8b. / C4H6 / d. / C4H10
____ 7. Which of the following is another name for a saturated hydrocarbon?
a. / alkane / c. / alkyneb. / alkene / d. / alkali
____ 8. Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon?
a. / isopropane / c. / pentyneb. / butene / d. / benzene
____ 9. The prefix dec- means “ten.” Which of the following best describes the structure of decene?
a. / It contains ten carbon atoms and only single bonds.b. / It contains ten carbon atoms and at least one double bond.
c. / It contains ten carbon atoms and at least one triple bond.
d. / It contains a total of ten atoms.
____ 10. Which of the following compounds is most reactive?
a. / ethane / c. / ethyneb. / ethene / d. / They are all equally reactive.
____ 11. Which of the following is NOT an example of a fossil fuel?
a. / coal / c. / natural gasb. / petroleum / d. / methanol
____ 12. Burning coal usually produces more soot than burning natural gas or petroleum products because coal
a. / formed in ancient swamps.b. / is formed from the remains of marine organisms.
c. / contains aromatic hydrocarbons with high molar masses.
d. / contains a mixture of hydrocarbons.
____ 13. What are the main products of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels?
a. / water and carbon dioxide / c. / water and carbon monoxideb. / oxygen and hydrocarbons / d. / carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons
____ 14. The combustion of fossil fuels causes the acidity of rain to increase because
a. / sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve in water forming sulfuric and nitric acids.b. / carbon dioxide dissolves in water droplets and forms carbonic acid.
c. / tiny particles of carbon dissolve in the water thereby increasing its acidity.
d. / none of the above — combustion of fossil fuels has no effect on the acidity of rain.
____ 15. Which of the following is NOT a result of the complete combustion of fossil fuels?
a. / The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases.b. / The amount of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere increases.
c. / Nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere.
d. / Sulfur dioxide is released into the atmosphere.
____ 16. Which of the following statements explains why inhaling carbon monoxide is dangerous?
a. / Carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide.b. / Carbon monoxide keeps hemoglobin in the blood from carrying oxygen to cells.
c. / Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas.
d. / all of the above
____ 17. In the compound CH3F, the fluorine atom is a(an)
a. / functional group. / c. / hydroxyl group.b. / substituted hydrocarbon. / d. / amino group.
____ 18. The functional group in ethanol, which is an alcohol, is the
a. / amino group. / c. / hydroxyl group.b. / carboxyl group. / d. / butane group.
____ 19. Propanoic acid and ethyl alcohol can react. The products of this reaction are water and an
a. / organic base. / c. / organic acid.b. / ester. / d. / amine.
____ 20. The smell of rotten fish is caused by the presence of an
a. / amine. / c. / ester.b. / alcohol. / d. / organic acid.
____ 21. When monomers link together, they usually form
a. / a polymer. / c. / ionic bonds.b. / another monomer. / d. / a network solid.
____ 22. In a polymer, monomers are linked by
a. / ionic bonds. / c. / metallic bonds.b. / covalent bonds. / d. / polyatomic ions.
____ 23. Which of the following exists as both a natural and a synthetic polymer?
a. / cellulose / c. / polyethyleneb. / nylon / d. / rubber
____ 24. Which of the following statements about natural rubber and synthetic rubber is true?
a. / Natural and synthetic rubber contain different monomers.b. / There is an unlimited supply of both types of rubber.
c. / Both types of rubber are made from petroleum products.
d. / Natural and synthetic rubber have exactly the same properties.
____ 25. Natural polymers are produced
a. / only in plant cells. / c. / in both plant and animal cells.b. / only in animal cells. / d. / in neither plant nor animal cells.
____ 26. The monomers from which proteins are made are
a. / sugars. / c. / nucleic acids.b. / amino acids. / d. / starches.
____ 27. Plants convert energy from sunlight into chemical energy during
a. / cellular respiration. / c. / vaporization.b. / photosynthesis. / d. / depolymerization.
____ 28. Which of the following statements is true?
a. / Photosynthesis occurs only in plants, and cellular respiration occurs only in animals.b. / Photosynthesis occurs only in animals, and cellular respiration occurs only in plants.
c. / Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants.
d. / Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in animals.
____ 29. Proteins that act as catalysts for chemical reactions that occur in cells are
a. / vitamins. / c. / carbohydrates.b. / enzymes. / d. / amino acids.
____ 30. Which of the following statements is true about enzymes?
a. / Enzymes allow reactions to occur that would never occur without the enzyme.b. / Enzymes allow reactions to proceed at temperatures near 37ºC.
c. / Enzymes cannot be produced within cells.
d. / One enzyme can control all the reactions in a cell.
Completion
For # 31 - 50, complete each statement using the word bank below. If the answer is a letter combination, darken all of the letters that make up the combination on the Scantron answer sheet. Not all of the words are used.
a. kerosene ae. vitamin abc. intermolecular attractions
b. water bc. vitamin abd. carbon dioxide
c. carbon bd. saturated abe. hydrogen
d. ozone be. chemical bcd. network solid
e. gases cd. ethene bce. carboxyl
ab. acidity ce. cellulose cde. cellular respiration
ac. HDPE de. isomers abcd. propylene
ad. four
31. Diamond is an example of a(an) ______in which all the carbon atoms are linked by covalent bonds.
32. More than 90 percent of all known compounds are organic compounds, mainly because carbon contains ______valence electrons and can form multiple carbon-to-carbon bonds.
33. Straight-chain hydrocarbons that contain one to three carbon atoms are likely to be ______at room temperature.
34. Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas are ______.
35. A hydrocarbon that contains all single bonds is a(an) ______hydrocarbon.
36. Suppose a saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon both contain the same number of carbon atoms. The saturated hydrocarbon contains more of the element ______than the unsaturated hydrocarbon does.
37. H2C=CH2 is the formula for the hydrocarbon ______.
38. Both kerosene and gasoline are separated from petroleum during fractional distillation. Kerosene has a higher boiling point than gasoline does. Of kerosene and gasoline, ______will be removed first from the petroleum vapors during fractional distillation.
39. The primary products of the complete combustion of fossil fuels are ______and water.
40. Some products of the combustion of fossil fuels cause the ______of rain to increase.
41. The two functional groups in amino acids are the amino group and the ______group.
42. The manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons has been restricted because they deplete Earth’s ______layer.
43. The compound polypropylene is used to make many common products, such as beverage containers. The monomer used to make polypropylene is ______.
44. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is much harder than low-density polyethylene (LDPE). You can conclude that there are more carbon atoms in a chain of ______.
45. Glucose is the monomer in the natural polymers starch and ______.
46. The strands of DNA are held together in the double helix by ______between hydrogen atoms on one strand and nitrogen or oxygen atoms on the other strand.
47. The energy that your body needs is released by the process of ______.
48. During photosynthesis, light energy is converted to ______energy in the bonds of the products.
49. Vitamin A is an example of a vitamin that can dissolve in ______.
50. Some enzymes require a(an) co-enzyme, which is often a metal ion or a water-soluble ______, to function.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 9-2
51. Inferring The ester ethyl butanoate provides the taste and smell to pineapple. Identify the structural formula in Figure 9-2 for ethyl butanoate.
a. A b. B c. C d. D
52. Interpreting Graphics Amines are formed during the breakdown of proteins in animal cells. Identify the structural formula in Figure 9-2 for an amine.
a. A b. E c. C d. D
53. Interpreting Graphics Which of the structures in Figure 9-2 is the formula for propanol? What is the functional group in this compound?
a. A b. B c. C d. D
54. Applying Concepts Which diagram in Figure 9-2 shows the structural formula of a halocarbon? Why is the prefix halo- used?
a. A b. B c. C d. D
55. Using Models Butanoic acid is found in rancid butter. Which of the structural formulas in Figure 9-2 is butanoic acid?
a. A b. B c. C d. D
Figure 9-3
56. Interpreting Graphics Water is a product of which process described in Figure 9-3?
a. cellular respiration b. photosynthesis
57. Interpreting Graphics Which process described in Figure 9-3 produces carbohydrates?
a. cellular respiration b. photosynthesis
58. Inferring What role does energy play in the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Use Figure 9-3 to answer this question.
a. Light energy is absorbed during photosynthesis.
b. This energy is stored as chemical energy in the covalent bonds of molecules.
c. During cellular respiration, this energy stored in the products of photosynthesis is used for life processes and is released as heat.
d. all of the above
59. Predicting Predict how reducing the number of plants grown worldwide might affect the composition of the atmosphere. Use Figure 9-3 to answer this question.
a. increase on carbon dioxide; decrease in oxygen
b. decrease carbon dioxide and oxygen
c. increase carbon dioxide and oxygen
d. decrease carbon dioxide and increase oxygen
60. Drawing Conclusions What elements are cycled through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Use Figure 9-3 to answer this question.
a. N, O, C b. C, H, H2O c. C, H, O d. N, H, H2O