Specification for
Road Condition Data
Collection Services
Specification for Road Condition Data Collection Services
TABLE OF CONTENTS
100824 Data Collection 1
Specification for Road Condition Data Collection Services
1 INTRODUCTION...... 4
2 OBJECTIVES...... 4
2.1 Objectives of the Services...... 4
2.2 Procurement Process...... 4
3 GENERAL CONDITIONS...... 5
3.1 Terminology...... 5
3.2 Roles of the Parties to the Contract...... 6
3.3 Term of the Contract...... 6
3.4 Survey Suppliers...... 6
3.5 Data to be collected ...... 7
3.6 Survey Network...... 8
3.7 Special Instructions...... 9
3.8 Survey Header Data...... 9
3.9 Survey Equipment...... 9
3.10 Contractor Skills...... 10
3.11 Survey Procedure...... 10
3.12 Location Referencing System (LRS)...... 11
3.13 Equipment to be Provided by Client...... 11
3.14 Equipment to be Provided by Contractor...... 11
3.15 Data Format...... 11
4 DATA COLLECTION SPECIFICATIONS...... 12
4.1 Location Referencing...... 12
4.2 GPS Centerline Coordinates ...... 13
4.3 Geometry...... 14
4.4 Right of Way Video...... 14
4.5 Condition...... 15
5 CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION...... 17
5.1 Calibration – Methodology ...... 17
5.2 Validation – Methodology...... 18
5.3 Roughness...... 19
5.4 Rutting...... 20
5.5 Texture Measurement (Mean Profile Depth)...... 20
5.6 Road Geometry – GPS...... 21
5.7 Right of Way Video...... 22
5.8 10 km Field Validation...... 22
6 QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE...... 23
6.1 Quality Management Plan...... 23
6.2 Data Display...... 24
6.3 Data Backup...... 25
6.4 On-going Validation...... 25
7 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND SAFETY...... 25
7.1 Health and Safety Compliance Notice...... 26
7.2 Health and Safety Compliance Notice...... 26
7.3 Traffic Management Plan...... 27
8 DATA PROCESSING AND STORAGE...... 27
8.1 Data Format...... 28
8.2 Providing Data...... 28
8.3 Data Review and Acceptance...... 28
9 MONITORING AND REPORTING...... 29
9.1 Initial Meeting...... 29
9.2 Quality Management Plan...... 29
9.3 Final Report...... 29
10 KEY DELIVERABLES...... 30
10.1 Deliverables...... 30
10.2 Format...... 30
10.3 Intellectual Property...... 31
11 SCHEDULE AND RESOURCES...... 31
11.1 Project Schedule...... 31
11.2 Data Collection Contractor’s Personnel...... 31
12 BASIS OF PAYMENT...... 31
12.1 Basis of Payment...... 31
12.2 Payment...... 32
100824 Data Collection 1
Specification for Road Condition Data Collection Services
Abbreviations
DCCData Collection Contractor
DGPSDifferentially corrected Global Positioning System
GPSGlobal Positioning System
IDIdentification
IRIInternational Roughness Index
LRPLocation Reference Point
LRSLocation Referencing System
MPDMean Profile Depth
NAASRANational Association of Australian State Road Authorities
QMPQuality Management Plan
RAMMRoad Assessment and Maintenance Management
RCARoad Controlling Authority
RMSDRoot Mean Sensor Texture Depth
SLPStationary Laser Profiler
TMPTraffic Management Plan
RMSRoad Management System
RTRMSResponse Type Roughness Measuring Systems
100824 Data Collection 1
Specification for Road Condition Data Collection Services
INTRODUCTION
Condition assessment is a key road network performance measure and a major determinant of road users costs. It is used in pavement management systems for monitoring the network’s condition and predicting its future condition. Condition data is used as an input to support efficient and effective road network asset management decisions. . It is also one of the primary indicators used in network level maintenance programming, monitoring network performance, managing the term maintenance contracts, benchmarking among Road Controlling Authority (RCA) networks, and undertaking research and fatal crash investigations. Therefore, it is essential the condition data is of a high standard.This manual focuses on pavement condition survey collection. Of the many techniques and equipment used in measuring roughness and rutting, those of particular interest to RCAs are the ones that provide versatility, speed and minimum disruption to road users.
Automated non-contact profilometers collect the longitudinal and transverse profile data used to calculate roughness, rut depth and other condition parameters while operating at high speed. The longitudinal road profile is summarised by the International Roughness Index (IRI) and converted to (National Association of Australian State Road Authorities (NAASRA) to give lane roughness in counts/km a format familiar to practitioners in New Zealand. The transverse profile measurement provides the depth and extent of rutting in the wheel paths.
This manual can be used by any road agency as a basis for developing a set of data collection specifications. The agency will only select the equipment and facilities considered necessary to satisfactorily complete the measurements on their network. It is intended for both network level and project level surveys, and includes the minimum specifications required to achieve an acceptable level of accuracy and repeatability. This will give those undertaking on-going analysis for network maintenance and upgrading confidence in the data's veracity.
1OBJECTIVES
1.1Objectives of the Services
The data collection services provide a means for collecting accurate and repeatable pavement condition data which will assist <insert Client name>in defining the road network's true condition. It will be used to:Provide network condition data to identify annual changes in the network's condition and to help with planning road management and investment strategies.
The data collection service provider will be required to provide data in a suitable format for uploading into the client's road management database.
1.2Procurement Process
The procurement process shall be as follows:The bids shall be opened and reviewed according to <insert Client name> bid evaluation process and the successful applicant will be informed in writing that they have been awarded the contract.
The Data Collection Contractor (DCC) shall mobilize their team according to the terms of the contract.
Written agreement to advance with the full survey shall only be issued after the validation study has been successfully completed
If the data fails to meet the client's specifications, the DCC shall be given 30days to rectify the situation at <insert Client name> sole discretion.
2GENERAL CONDITIONS
2.1Terminology
Automated Data Collection: fully automatic data measurement and storage using electronic or mechanical measurements (e.g. profilometer measurements)Semi-Automated Data Collection: manually collected observations are digitally recorded (e.g. keyboard rating or voice recording of surface defects)
ManualData Collection: manually collected observations are written down and later digitally recorded via keypunch operators (e.g. walk-over manual survey using data entry form and clipboard)
Road Network: a logical system of road links, segments and nodes.
Location Reference Point (LRP): these are placed at intermediate points between nodes. An LRP is a permanent object on or adjacent to the road which has been accurately located in terms of geo-coordinates and is used as a reference point for distance measurements
Accuracy: the survey equipment's ability to measure the true condition of the item being surveyed. The aim is to reduce equipment-related bias or errors.
Measurement Interval:the physical measurement interval used by the equipment (e.g. roughness measurements using laser profilometers record and store the measured profile every 25mm)
Reporting Interval:the minimum specified reporting interval at which the data is summarised (e.g. roughness may be reported at 10m, 20m, 50 m, or 100 m intervals)
Dual Carriageway Road: a multi-lane road with or without a barrier or median separating traffic travelling in opposite directions
Split Road: a road segment, which is split at a particular location from a single carriageway to dual/parallel carriageway
Surface Area: the total section length multiplied by the carriageway width, excluding the paved shoulder width.
2.2Roles of the Parties to the Contract
Client - the asset owner for whom the data is being collected, <modify to suit>Data Collection Contractor (DCC) - normally responsible for data collection, data processing and quality assurance.
2.3Term of the Contract
The Contract term is xyz.2.4Survey Suppliers
Several organisations in New Zealand have vehicle-based laser equipment and/or response type roughness measuring systems (RTRMS) available for measuring roughness and rutting.Table 1.1: Vehicle-based Laser and Response Equipment Survey Suppliers as at 1 April 2011
Survey Suppliers
Organisation / Location / Measurements / Contacts
Downer EDI Works / 397 McLeans Is Rd. / RTRMS - Roughness / C Bycroft
Ph. 03 359 0752
Fugro PMS / 31 McKee St Hamilton / Laser Profiler /Scanning Laser; Roughness, Rutting, Skid Resistance, Video, GPS. / D Scruby Ph 07 847 0499
Opus International Consultants / 7A Ride Way Albany Auckland / RTRMS - Roughness / L Ash croft
Ph 09 415 4660
Episcopalian
Opus International Consultants / 200 Frying St Dunedin / RTRMS - Roughness / D Searcher 03 477 9173
Episcopalian
Road Info / 25 Edwin St Paeroa / Roughness – Laser Profiler / Erik Kruithof
Ph. 07 862 9150
Shaw’s Consulting Services Ltd / 60 Tukapa St New Plymouth / Roughness – Laser Profiler / Chris Shaw
Ph 06 753 4114
WDM, UK Ltd. / United Kingdom and New Zealand / Laser Profiler; Roughness, Rutting Skid Resistance, Video, GPS / D Newlands Ph 04 233 6221
2.5Data to be collected
The following data is must be collected for this contract. ( <Client to modify to suit/select as appropriate>)Data Item / Units / Reporting Interval / Minimum Accuracy Level / Paved / Unpaved
Location Referencing
Location referencing (points) / - / See Section4.1 / 1 m / M / M
Location Referencing (linear) / - / See Section4.1 / 0.1% / M / M
GPS CentrelineCoordinates / - / See Section4.2 / 1 m - horizontal
2 m - vertical / M
M / M
M
Geometry - See Section4.33 <modify include or delete to suit specific requirements>.
- Horizontal Alignment
IQL 4 unpaved / M / M
- Vertical Alignment
IQL 4 unpaved / M / M
Multi Media - See Sections4.4
Right Of Way (ROW) Video Logging / - / Continuous/1 m/5 m/10 m / 800 x 600 pixel / M / M
Digital Images of LRPs / - / 5megapixels / M / M
Digital Images of Bridges / - / 5megapixels / M / M
M – Mandatory; O – Optional; NR – Not Required.
The DCC should refer to Section3.15 and Chapter4 for details of data collection formats and specifications. The DCC should note that data must be collected so it can be presented in both the formats described below.
2.6Survey Network
The road network distribution by pavement type:<Client to define/include network details as appropriate>
Region / Paved Road km / Unpaved Road km / Total
2.7Special Instructions
The DCC's should consider the following issues when preparing their proposal.Client to specify
The special issues above are given for information purpose only and DCC shall source the information required to prepare their proposal.
2.8Survey Header Data
The following items must be recorded with or linked to each of the specific data items detailed in Section 3.5 to 3.7:Survey date and time of day
Description of section
Vehicle ID, Crew ID
Weather conditions
Average travel speed
Direction of survey relative to reference direction (increasing/decreasing)
Lane number or transverse position on road (where applicable).
2.9Survey Equipment
The DCC is free to use their own choice of equipment to collect the specified data. The equipment selected must be capable of recording data to the specified levels of accuracy (refer to Table 3.5 above).All survey equipment used for data collection should be fully functional at the normal local highway speed under the conditions to be encountered on the <paved and unpaved road<select as appropriatenetworks.
The DCC should only use the latest versions of the software released by the equipment manufacturers.
The DCC must disclose the algorithms used for all relevant equipment and software that will be used in the survey (e.g. the profile processing algorithms that will be used by the proposed laser profilometer for calculating roughness).
All equipment and software proposed by the DCC will be subject to Client approval.
2.10Contractor Skills
The DCC must demonstrate that their staff have the required training and experience to use their assigned equipment and to undertake the work described in these TOR.Survey staff competency will be assesses and approved during the equipment calibration and validation process.
The DCC must ensure their staff are trained or skilled in all policies and work practices adopted by <insert Client name>(traffic control requirements, road safety, health and safety practices).
2.11Survey Procedure
If the DCC chooses to use more than one survey vehicle or to complete the surveys in multiple passes, the selected survey process must demonstrate that all data can be matched to the same road furniture and road features. The DCC must also provide <insert Client name>with details on how the surveys will be conducted and in which order.On single lane roads all surveys are to be conducted in the direction of increasing km post. Irrespective of the survey direction, all data are to be referenced in terms of increasing km post and chainage.
The standard survey procedures shall be:
On narrow single carriageway roads the survey vehicle must travel in the direction of increasing chainage, with the measurements taken in the normal driven wheelpath. Note where roads are particularly narrow this is likely to straddle the road centre-line. Data processing techniques should account for instances when the vehicle deviates from the road onto the shoulder.
On single carriageway, two-lane roads the DCC will survey both increasing and decreasing lanes. The measurements will be taken in the wheel paths; where no obvious wheelpath is visible the measurements will be taken 50 to 70 cm from the edge of the pavement.
On divided carriageway roads and service lanes the DCC will survey both increasing and decreasing lanes (both carriageways and service lanes). The measurements will be taken in the wheel paths; where no obvious wheelpath is visible the measurements will be taken 50 to 70 cm from the edge of the pavement.
On dual carriageway roads the DCC will survey both increasing and decreasing lanes (both carriageways). The measurements will be taken in the most heavily trafficked wheel paths; where no obvious wheel path is visible the measurements will be taken 50 to 70 cm from the edge of the pavement.
Where GPS coordinates are specified the DCC will ensure the coordinates are offset to obtain the road centreline.. Note the DCC must gain the client's approval for the method chosen for this offset.
Other - Client to specify; this could include additions or variations to the conditions above >
Data collection activities should not be undertaken when the road surface is wet or contaminated with debris unless the equipment can be demonstrated to meet the validation criteria for these conditions.
2.12Location Referencing System (LRS)
The DCC will <use the existing/be required to establish a new Location Referencing System (LRS)><select as appropriate>.This system will rationalize and replace the existing system, and will include the following details4.1:Area
Road identity (I/D)
Carriageway start and end
Km Reference (chainage from start of link).
<modify to suit>
More detail about the LRS is given in Section4.1 and Annex1
2.13Equipment to be Provided by Client
The Client will not provide any survey equipment.2.14Equipment to be Provided by Contractor
The DCC will list all the equipment needed to complete the survey in their proposal, and provide it. The DCC shall also state the number of sets of equipment they intend operating simultaneously.The DCC's proposed methodology shall clearly demonstrate that the listed equipment is capable of producing the types and quality of information that will satisfy the requirements set out in Chapter4: Data Collection Specifications.
Notwithstanding the client's acceptance of equipment the DCC proposes, the DCC is wholly responsible for providing data that meets the technical specifications.
2.15Data Format
All data must reflect the standard practice of driving on the left.All data algorithms must be agreed by the client.
All GPS data must be calibrated to the NZGD2000 transverse Mercator/other local Mercator <modify to suit>.
Two levels of data are required – raw data, and detailed data:
Raw data is the record of the individual measurements taken by the survey equipment. It must be provided in ASCII delimited format or a format agreed by the client. Raw data detail must be retained so the detailed and aggregated data can be recalculated.
Detailed data is processed raw data summarised at 20 and 100 m intervals.
The equipment shall be able to produce export files in an industry standard format e.g. comma separated values and MS Excel.
A full description of the data reporting interval and format for each data type is detailed in Chapter4.
When data is to be loaded into the <modify to suit>RAMM database the DCC shall note:
The data will be stored in the Client database. This was supplied by …….. and includes the following modules <modify to suit>
- Information System or Viewer of Network
- Periodic Maintenance of roads
- Routine Maintenance of roads
- Traffic Module and traffic data analysis.
3DATA COLLECTION SPECIFICATIONS
3.1Location Referencing
The Client will provide the DCC with the existing nodes and LRPs with their offset chainage in one of the following ways:Digitally in .dbf / .mdb / text <modify to suit> format. The DCC must use this information when collecting other specified data items
By granting the DCC access to their RAMM database so the DCC can extract the necessary information themselves.
The DCC must measure the distance and offsets when other data is collected. The allowable distance measurement error is 0.1%. Therefore two possible scenarios exist:
Where there is a discrepancy in distance measurement, but it is within the allowable error limit, the measurements shall be appropriately scaled to match the total length provided by the Client. This scaling factor shall be determined for each <road / link / measurement unit<modify to suit>and this factor shall be used to scale the length within the road/link/measurement unit <modify to suit>.
Where there is a discrepancy in a distance measurement and this exceeds the allowable error, the DCC must re-survey the road/link/ measurement unit <modify to suit>. If the second survey confirms the initial survey, the DCC must notify the Client immediately. The DCC must confirm the current distance measuring instrument's accuracy; where this is within tolerance the DCC may continue the survey. If the distance measuring instrument is not within tolerance, the DCC must develop a remedial proposal the Client agrees with.
If the distance discrepancy remains consistent on other links the Client will consider establishing a new set of location referencing data.
The DCC must provide the Client with detailed information about their equipment capability in handling pre-defined location referencing data.
<modify to suit>
The following provide the DCC with the Client's definition of measurement accuracy for distance and GPS centerline coordinates.
Distance Measurement
The distance measurement instrument transducer must be installed on the survey vehicle so the distance measurement replicates the road centerline (on the wheel nearest to the road centre). This will minimize loss of accuracy during turning movements.
All distances shall be measured using a distance measurement device with an accuracy of 0.1% or better.
The positions of LRPs and other important marks (e.g. intersections, bridges, culverts, railway crossings) shall be expressed as distances from the previous node. Chainages are measured continuously from the start to the end of the link. At each node the distance must be reset to0. In this way, all distances will be expressed as the distance from the previous node.
3.2GPS Centerline Coordinates