Name ______Date ______Block __

Chemistry -- Ch. 2 Study Guide

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____1.A bottle contains 3.100 mL of a liquid. The total mass of the bottle and the liquid together is 6.300 g. The mass of the empty bottle is 4.240 g. What is the density of the liquid?

a. / 0.665 g/mL / c. / 1.505 g/mL
b. / 1.368 g/mL / d. / 2.032 g/mL

____2.According to rounding rules for addition, the sum of 27.1, 34.538, and 37.68 is ____.

a. / 99.318 / c. / 99.31
b. / 99.3 / d. / 99

____3.The graph represents the sales data for a particular product. In which week were 8 units sold?

a. / 3rd week / c. / 6th week
b. / 4th week / d. / 9th week

____4.The product of 2  104 cm and 4  10–12 cm, expressed in scientific notation is ____.

a. / 8  10–7 cm / c. / 8  10–8 cm
b. / 6  10–8 cm / d. / 8  10–48 cm

____5.A series of logical steps that is followed in order to solve a problem is called the

a. / experimental process. / c. / scientific method.
b. / scientific theory. / d. / model method.

____6.The first step in the scientific method is usually

a. / making an observation. / c. / collecting data.
b. / forming a hypothesis. / d. / testing a hypothesis.

____7.Scientists test a hypothesis by

a. / formulating questions. / c. / doing experiments.
b. / designing models. / d. / drawing conclusions.

____8.The SI unit for measuring temperature is the

a. / degree. / c. / mole.
b. / kelvin. / d. / ampere.

____9.Which SI prefix means one one-hundredth ()?

a. / nano- / c. / milli-
b. / micro- / d. / centi-

____10.Maria is 123 centimeters tall. Her height in meters is

a. / 0123 m. / c. / 1.23 m.
b. / 0.123 m. / d. / 12.3 m.

____11.A loaf of bread weighs 1362 g. The weight in kilograms is

a. / 1.362 kg. / c. / 01362 kg.
b. / 1362 kg. / d. / 001362 kg.

____12.The sample contained the same number of pennies for which two years?

a. / 1988 and 1992 / c. / 1994 and 1997
b. / 1988 and 1991 / d. / 1994 and 1998

____13.The decimal equivalent of 102 is

a. / 100. / c. / 0.1.
b. / 10. / d. / 0.01.

____14.What is 78,900,000,000 expressed in scientific notation?

a. / 789  109 / c. / 7.89  1010
b. / 7.89  109 / d. / 7.89  1011

____15.The speed of light is approximately 3  108 m/s. How would this be written in conventional notation?

a. / 300,000 / c. / 30,000,000
b. / 3,000,000 / d. / 300,000,000

____16.You are asked to find the area of a room that is 4.56 m long and 5.668 m wide. How many significant figures should you show in your answer?

a. / 3 / c. / 6
b. / 5 / d. / 7

____17.You are asked to find the volume of a cube that is 2.5 cm high, 2.65 cm wide, and 3.456 cm long. How many significant figures should you show in your answer?

a. / 1 / c. / 3
b. / 2 / d. / 4

Completion

Complete each statement.

18.100.00 meters  50.000 centimeters  1.0000 kilometer = ______meters.

19.Combinations of the SI base units, which are used to measure quantities such as volume, speed, and pressure, are called ______.

20.In the SI system, the prefix ______means one billion.

21.In the SI system, the prefix ______means one millionth.

Composition of the Atmosphere

22.The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is ______.

Short Answer

23.A student reports three trials to measure the density of an unknown metal. The percent error in these trials is given in the table.

Trial Count / Percent Error
Trial 1 / 0.05
Trial 2 / 0.02
Trial 3 / 0.01

Indicate the most accurate value.

24.Convert 600 mg to grams.

25.How many significant digits are there in 6.023  1023 molecules?

Problem

26.A car covers a distance of 112.6 km in 1.8 h. Calculate its speed in meters per second.

27.A student measures the length of a glass rod five times and records the data as:

a.23.487 cm

b.23.493 cm

c.23.516 cm

d.23.501 cm

e.23.477 cm

The labeled value of the glass rod is 23.490 cm. Calculate the percent error for all the data recorded by the student.

28.A vessel contains 30 mL of water. A sample of 5.0 g of copper metal is dropped into this vessel, raising the level of water in it to 40 mL. What is the density of the copper sample?

29.The number 0.0009234 would be written in scientific notation as ______ ______.

30.The number 56,780,000,000 would be written in scientific notation as ______ ______.