SECTION 02500 STORM SEWERS AND DRAINAGE STRUCTURES

REV / DATE / DESCRIPTION / PREPARED / CHECKED / APPROVED
A / 8-4-97 / ISSUED TO KNOXVILLE FOR PRIMARY REVIEW / MARK HESTER / BILL HARDIN / PHIL CLARKSON
0 / 9-12-97 / ISSUED FOR USE IN ALL OFFICES AND INCLUDED IN LIBRARY OF MASTER SPECIFICATIONS / MARK HESTER / BILL HARDIN / PHIL CLARKSON
1 / 01-FEB-1999 / MODIFIED TO CONFORM TO DIFFERENT CONTRACT REQUIRMENTS AND CONVERTED TO WORD 97 / MARK HESTER / BILL HARDIN / PHIL CLARKSON
2 / 28-DEC-2000 / ADDED “APPROVED BY” SIGNATURE LINE / - / BILL HARDIN / JOHN WHARTON

TECH-DATA

  1. LG MASTER PREPARED BY: Spartanburg.
  1. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS:
  1. American Society for Testing and Materials:
  1. ASTM A 48: Gray Iron Castings.
  2. ASTM A 53: Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless.
  3. ASTM A 139: Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welding Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Over).
  4. ASTM A 536: Ductile Iron Castings.
  5. ASTM A 746: Ductile Iron Gravity Sewer Pipe.
  6. ASTM A 760: Corrugated Steel Pipe, Metallic-Coated for Sewers and Drains.
  7. ASTM A 849: Post-Applied Coatings, Pavings and Linings for Corrugated Steel Sewer and Drainage Pipe.
  8. ASTM B 744: Aluminum Alloy Sheet for Corrugated Aluminum Pipe.
  9. ASTM B 745: Corrugated Aluminum Pipe for Sewers and Drains.
  10. ASTM B 788: Installing Factory-Made Corrugated Aluminum Culverts and Storm Sewer Pipe.
  11. ASTM C 32: Sewer and Manhole Brick (Made from Clay or Shale).
  12. ASTM C 33: Concrete Aggregates.
  13. ASTM C 62: Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale).
  14. ASTM C 76: Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe.
  15. ASTM C 150: Portland Cement.
  16. ASTM C 270: Mortar for Unit Masonry.
  17. ASTM C 443: Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets.
  18. ASTM C 476: Grout for Masonry.
  19. ASTM C 478: Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections.
  20. ASTM C 506: Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe.
  21. ASTM C 507: Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe.
  22. ASTM C 789: Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers.
  23. ASTM C 877: External Sealing Bands for Noncircular Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe.
  24. ASTM C 891: Installation of Underground Precast Concrete Utility Structures.
  25. ASTM C 913: Precast Water and Wastewater Structures.
  26. ASTM C 990: Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants.
  27. ASTM C 1091: Hydrostatic Infiltration and Exfiltration Testing of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines.
  28. ASTM D 1056: Flexible Cellular Materials-Sponge or Expanded Rubber.
  29. ASTM D 2321: Underground Installation of Flexible Thermoplastic Sewer Pipe.
  30. ASTM D 2564: Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings.
  31. ASTM D 2855: Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings.
  32. ASTM D 3034: Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings.
  33. ASTM D 3212: Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals.
  34. ASTM F 402: Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings.
  35. ASTM F 405: Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Tubing and Fittings.
  36. ASTM F 477: Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe.
  37. ASTM F 667: Large Diameter Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing and Fittings.
  38. ASTM F 679: Poly(Vinyl) Chloride (PVC) Large-Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings.
  39. ASTM F 794: Poly(Vinyl) Chloride (PVC) Large Diameter Ribbed Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter.
  40. ASTM F 949: Poly(Vinyl) Chloride (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe with a Smooth Interior and Fittings.
  41. ASTM F 1668: Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe.
  1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:
  1. AASHTO M 198: Sealing Compound, Preformed Plastic for Pipe Joints.
  2. AASHTO M 252: Corrugated Polyethylene Drainage Tubing.
  3. AASHTO M 294: Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe, 12 to 36 inch Diameter.
  4. AASHTO MP 6: Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe 1050 and 1200 mm Diameter.
  1. American Water Works Association:
  1. AWWA C104: Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings for Water.
  2. AWWA C105: Polyethylene Encasement for DuctileIron for Water and Other Liquids.
  3. AWWA C111: Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings.
  4. AWWA C115: Flanged Ductile-Iron Pipe With Ductile-Iron or Gray-Iron Threaded Flanges.
  5. AWWA C600: Installation of Ductile-Iron Water Mains and Their Appurtenances.
  1. PRECAUTIONS:
  1. Section specifies outside gravity storm sewer lines.
  1. Include Section 02000 with this Section.
  1. Include Section 02220 or 02222 with this Section.

End of Tech-Data

Prepared By:

Checked By:

Approved By:

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1SUMMARY

A.Provide storm drain piping and structures.

B.Protect Work during construction.

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DELETE OR MODIFY NEXT PARAGRAPH.

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C.[Work begins at point 5’-0” exterior to building column line.]

1.2SUBMITTALS

A.Shop Drawings: Precast concrete storm drain structures and accessories.

B.Product Data: Castings, pipe, and gaskets.

C.Quality Control Information:

  1. Submit test reports for approval.
  2. Provide notarized certification from manufacturer that materials meet referenced specification.

1.3DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A.Delivery:

  1. Protect pipe and precast units from damage during transport.
  2. Unload in manner to prevent crushing or damage of pipe ends.
  3. Do not drop, roll, or drag pipe or precast units.
  4. Replace damaged material at no additional cost.

B.Storage:

  1. Stockpile pipe where bell or spigot ends are not supporting weight of pipe.
  2. Stack pipe not greater than 3 feet high.
  3. Place quantity of pipe required for each day's work along trench line.
  4. Do not place or store pipe that will create hazard to pedestrians or traffic.
  5. Prevent damage to pipe and joint materials by proper storage.
  6. Store joint materials in dry place out of direct sun and not left inside pipe prior to installation. Do not install joint material exposed to sun, soil, and weather.

C.Handling:

  1. Inspect pipe for defects during unloading and stockpiling.
  2. Unload packaged units using mechanical equipment.
  1. Prohibited actions include:
  1. Rolling, sliding, or dropping pipe from truck or into trenches.
  2. Transporting pipe in bucket of equipment.
  1. Insert hooks with broad, well padded contact surfaces into pipe ends.
  2. Replace damaged materials whether stockpiled or installed.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1MATERIALS

A.Adapters: Standard manufactured adapters where differing pipe materials join.

B.Brick: ASTM C 32, clay or shale and burned, Grade MS or ASTM C 62, Grade SW.

C.Mortar: ASTM C 270, Type M.

D.Grout: ASTM C 476.

E.Castings: United States produced materials.

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IN NEXT 2 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. GRAY IRON STANDARD; DUCTILE IRON FOR RUBBER TIRE FORK LIFT, CONTAINER PORTS, OR AIRPORTS.

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  1. Manhole Frames and Grates: ASTM A 48, Class 35B, gray iron heavy duty, designed to withstand 16,000 pound wheel load plus impact.
  2. Manhole Frames and Grates: ASTM A 536, Grade 65-45-12, ductile iron, extra heavy duty.
  3. Bearing Surface: Machined between frame and cover.
  4. Identification: Mark "Storm Sewer".

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IN NEXT PARAGRAPH SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL ABBREVIATION. DELETE ABBREVIATION WHERE MATERIALS ARE NOT USED.

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F.Pipe Abbreviations:

Pipe Description / Abbreviation
Corrugated Metal Pipe / CMP
Ductile Iron Pipe / DIP
High Density Polyethylene Pipe / HDPE
Polyvinylchloride Pipe / PVC
Reinforced Concrete Sewer Pipe / RCP

G.Pipe and Joints:

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IN NEXT 5 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. DELETE SUBPARAGRAPHS WERE MATERIALS ARE NOT USED.

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  1. Corrugated Metal:

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IN NEXT 2 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. DELETE SUBPARAGRAPH WHERE MATERIALS ARE NOT USED.

TYPE I IS CIRCULAR CROSS SECTION. TYPE IA IS SMOOTH INTERIOR.

TYPE II IS PIPE ARCH.

TYPE III IS USED FOR UNDERDRAINS.

OTHER TYPES ARE AVAILABLE.

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  1. Corrugated Steel Culvert: ASTM A 760, Type [I][IA][II][III][_____], made from [zinc][aluminized] coated steel sheets for banded joints.

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IN NEXT 7 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. DELETE MATERIALS NOT USED.

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1)Culvert Shape: [Circular][Pipe arch][______].

2)Wall Thickness: [0.064][0.079][0.109][0.138][0.168][______] inch.

3)Corrugation Pattern: [Helical][Annular], [1½” x ¼”][2 2/3” x ½”][3” x 1”][5” x 1”].

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT APPROPRIATE JOINT TYPE. SOILTIGHT IS DEFINED AS WITHSTANDING 2 PSI HYDROSTATIC TEST WITHOUT LEAKAGE.

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4)Joints: [Soiltight][Watertight], banding of same material as pipe, and zinc coated nuts, and bolts, [ASTM D 1056 expanded rubber][ASTM C 443 rubber O-ring] gasket.

5)Exterior Coating: ASTM A 849, [Class Basphalt, 0.05 inch thick minimum].

6)Interior Coating: ASTM A 849, [Class Basphalt, 0.05 inch thick minimum] [fully coated][half coated] [______].

7)Interior Linings: ASTM A 849.

a)Asphalt: [None][Fully coated, Class B, 0.05 inch thick minimum] [paved invert 1/8 inch thick over top of corrugation to fill corrugations][fully paved pipe 1/8 inch thick over top of corrugation to fill corrugations].

b)Concrete: [None][Fully lined, factory applied, Class C 1/8 inch thick over top of corrugation to fill corrugations, 3 inch thick minimum].

8)Perforations: [Class 1 with 3/16 to 3/8 inch circular holes parallel to pipe axis][Class 2 with 5/16 to 3/8 inch circular holes parallel to pipe axis or slots with nominal width of 3/16 to 5/16 inch and maximum width of ½ inch space around periphery of pipe][Class 3 with 0.10 by 1.0 inch slots spaced 1¾ to 2 ½ inches on centers staggered on outside crests of corrugations][______].

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT CORRUGATED ALUMINUM CULVERT ONLY IF pH IS BETWEEN 4 AND 9. DO NOT USE ALUMINUM PIPE IN ‘OH’ OR ‘OL’ SOILS.

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  1. Corrugated Aluminum Culvert: ASTM B 745, Type [I][IA][II][III][_____], made from ASTM B 744 aluminum alloy sheets for banded joints.

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IN NEXT 5 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL.

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1)Culvert Shape: [Circular][Pipe arch][______].

2)Wall Thickness: [0.060][0.075][0.105][0.135][0.164][______] inch.

3)Corrugation Pattern: [Helical][Annular], [1½” x ¼”][2 2/3” x ½”][3” x 1”][6” x 1”].

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT APPROPRIATE JOINT TYPE. SOILTIGHT IS DEFINED AS WITHSTANDING 2 PSI HYDROSTATIC TEST WITHOUT LEAKAGE.

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4)Joints: [Soiltight][Watertight], bolts and nuts made of zinc coated steel [ASTM D 1056 expanded rubber][ASTM C 443 rubber O-ring] gasket.

5)Perforations: [Class 1 with 3/16 to 3/8 inch circular holes parallel to pipe axis][Class 2 with 5/16 to 3/8 inch circular holes parallel to pipe axis or slots with nominal width of 3/16 to 5/16 inch and maximum width of ½ inch spaced uniformly around full periphery of pipe][Class 4 with 5/16 to 3/8 inch circular holes parallel to pipe axis or slots with nominal width of 3/16 to 5/16 inch and maximum width of ½ inch located in flat sheet between ribs][______].

  1. End Treatment:

1)Corrugated metal culvert end treatment not permitted.

2)Select precast concrete end treatment to accept corrugated metal culvert.

  1. Ductile Iron:
  1. Iron Grade: ASTM A 746, 604210 minimum.

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT APPROPRIATE CLASS FOR PIPE. CLASS 50-56 AVAILABLE FOR 6 INCH AND LARGER, CLASS 51-56 AVAILABLE FOR 3 INCH AND 4 INCH; USE CLASS 53 MINIMUM (FLANGED), ABOVE GRADE CONDITIONS.

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  1. Class: [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] minimum.
  2. Pipe Joints:

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT JOINT TYPE; PUSHON OR MECHANICAL JOINT BELOW GRADE, OR FLANGED JOINT ABOVE GRADE. IN THIRD SUBPARAGRAPH VERIFY THAT GASKET MATERIAL IS ACCEPTABLE IF OTHER THAN SANITARY WASTE.

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1)Below Ground: [Push-on] [Mechanical joint] [Mechanical joint with retainer glands]. Do not use multiple types of joints.

2)Above Ground: Flanged joint (AWWA C115) or when exposed in pits or trenches.

3)Gaskets: AWWA C111 (rubber), flanged joint rubber, full face, 1/8 inch thick.

  1. Outside Coating: 1 mil minimum thick petroleum asphaltic coating.
  2. Inside Coating: AWWA C104, cement lined with petroleum asphaltic seal coat.
  3. Fittings:

1)Pressure Rating: 350 psi for 3 inch through 48 inch sizes.

2)Joints: Match pipe.

3)Inside Coating: Cement lined with petroleum asphaltic seal coat.

  1. High Density Polyethylene:

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IN NEXT 3 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. DELETE PARAGRAPHS WERE MATERIALS ARE NOT USED.

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  1. Smooth Interior Tubing: AASHTO M 252, Type S or ASTM F 405.

1)Culvert Size and Shape: 4 to 10 inch, circular.

2)Joints: Snap or split couplers.

  1. Smooth Interior with Corrugated Exterior: AASHTO M294, Type S or ASTM F 667.

1)Culvert Size and Shape: 12 to 36 inch, circular.

2)Joints: [AASHTO M 294 coupling made of same material as pipe][ASTM D 1056, Type 2 Class A, Grade 2 gasket][______].

  1. Smooth Interior with Smooth Exterior: AASHTO MP 6, Type D.

1)Culvert Size and Shape: 42 to 48 inch, circular.

2)Joints: Bell and spigot [with O-ring gasket].

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH SELECT APPROPRIATE PERFORATION PATTERN.

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3)Perforations: [Class 1, 5 to 10 mm circular holes parallel to pipe axis][Class 2, 5 to 10 mm circular holes parallel to pipe axis][slots, 3 mm width maximum, 75 mm length maximum, spaced uniformly around full circumference of pipe][______].

  1. End Treatment:

1)HDPE culvert end treatment not permitted.

2)Select precast concrete end treatment to accept HDPE culvert.

  1. PVC Gravity:

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SELECT APPROPRIATE PIPE TYPE. PVC IS NORMALLY USED FOR PIPES 10 INCHES AND SMALLER.

IN FIRST SUBPARAGRAPH PVC SOLID WALL PIPE WITH [GRAVITY] [PRESSURE][CEMENT] JOINTS.

IN SECOND SUBPARAGRAPH PVC CORRUGATED EXTERIOR PIPE, SMOOTH INTERIOR.

IN THIRD SUBPARAGRAPH PVC LARGE DIAMETER PIPE (18 INCHES TO 36 INCHES).

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  1. ASTM D 3034, SDR [35][26] with [ASTM D 3212][ASTM F 477][ASTM D 2564] joints.
  2. ASTM F 949, with ASTM D 3212 joints.
  3. ASTM F 679 or ASTM F 794, wall thickness [______] inches with ASTM F 477 joints.
  1. Reinforced Concrete:

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IN NEXT 4 SUBPARAGRAPHS SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. DELETE SUBPARAGRAPHS WERE MATERIALS ARE NOT USED.

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  1. Culvert Shape: Circular.

1)Standard: ASTM C 76.

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SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL IN NEXT 3 SUBPARAGRAPHS. ENSURE THAT CLASS OF CULVERT IS INDICATED ON DRAWINGS, IF DIFFERENT THAN SPECIFIED MINIMUM.

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2)Class: [I][II][III][IV][V] minimum, unless indicated otherwise.

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH, IDENTIFY IF SOILS ARE SULFATE CONTAINING AND SELECT APPROPRIATE CEMENT TYPE. VERIFY WITH SOILS REPORT.

TYPE II MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE.

TYPE V SULFATE RESISTING.

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3)Cement: Type [I][II][______][V] cement.

4)Joint: [AASHTO M198, tongue and groove, preformed plastic, Type 1, Rope Form, ASTM C 990,] [ASTM C 443, O-ring, rubber gasket], use lubricants per manufacturer’s recommendations.

5)End Sections: Precast concrete [flared end section with same joint type as pipe][headwall], same quality as pipe.

6)Identification: Marked each piece of pipe on inside of barrel identifying:

a)Date of manufacture.

b)Place of manufacture, name of manufacturer.

c)Class of pipe.

d)Inside diameter of pipe.

e)Type of cement used in manufacture.

  1. Culvert Shape: Arch.

1)Standard: ASTM C 506.

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SELECT APPROPRIATE MATERIAL IN NEXT 3 SUBPARAGRAPHS.

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2)Class: [A-II][A-III][A-IV].

3)Joint: ASTM C 877, Type [I][II with tie strap], [7][9][11][13] inches wide minimum.

4)End Sections: Precast concrete [flared end section][headwall] same quality and joint type as pipe.

  1. Culvert Shape: Elliptical.

1)Standard: ASTM C 507.

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SELECT APPROPRIATE TYPE MATERIAL IN NEXT 4 SUBPARAGRAPHS.

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2)Pattern: [HE horizontal elliptical][VE vertical elliptical].

3)Class: [HE-A][HE-I][HE-II][HE-III][HE-IV][VE-II][VE-III][VE-IV][VE-V][VE-VI].

4)Joint: ASTM C 877, Type [I][II with tie strap], [7][9][11][13] inches wide minimum.

5)End Sections: Precast concrete [flared end section][headwall] same quality and joint type as pipe.

  1. Culvert Shape: Box.

1)Standard: ASTM C 789 or ASTM C 850 based on soil cover and location.

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SELECT APPROPRIATE TYPE MATERIAL IN NEXT 2 SUBPARAGRAPHS.

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2)Joint: ASTM C 877, Type [I][II with tie strap], [7][9][11][13] inches wide minimum.

3)End Sections: Precast concrete [wingwall and guardrail][headwall] same quality and joint type as pipe.

  1. Pipe Exceptions:

1)Casting: Do not horizontally cast and/or externally vibrated.

2)Surface: Smooth uniform finish free of holes caused from air bubbles and free of crushed patches of aggregate.

3)Reinforcing Steel: Completely covered with concrete.

4)Lifting Holes: Notpermitted.

5)Joints: Notpermitted.

H.Manhole, Junction Box, and Catch Basin:

  1. Precast Concrete Manhole and Junction Box:

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH, IDENTIFY IF SOILS ARE SULFATE CONTAINING AND SELECT APPROPRIATE CEMENT TYPE. VERIFY WITH SOILS REPORT.

TYPE II MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE.

TYPE V SULFATE RESISTING.

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  1. Precast Unit: ASTM C 478, 5 inch minimum wall thickness, 6 inch minimum base slab thickness, 4 foot minimum inside diameter, top section eccentric, provide Type [I][II][______][V] cement. 1 foot minimum spacing between edge of penetrations.
  2. Lift Holes: Lifting holes penetrating manhole wall not permitted.

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SELECT APPROPRIATE TYPE MATERIAL IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH.

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  1. Precast Manhole Sections Joints: [AASHTO M 198, preformed plastic, Type 1, Rope Form, ASTM C 990] [ASTM C 443 rubber gasket].
  2. Tolerances: Reject pitting or honeycomb greater than specified tolerances. Do not deviate from design dimensions more than tolerances provided in ASTM C 913 as follows:

DiameterTolerance

0 - 5 ft.+ ¼ inch

5 - 10 ft.+ 3/8 inch

10 - 20+ ½ inch

  1. Grade Rings: Precast concrete, equal quality as manhole, match opening dimension.
  1. Precast Concrete Catch Basin:

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH, IDENTIFY IF SOILS ARE SULFATE CONTAINING AND SELECT APPROPRIATE CEMENT TYPE. VERIFY WITH SOILS REPORT.

TYPE II MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE.

TYPE V SULFATE RESISTING.

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  1. Precast Unit: ASTM C 913, 5 inch minimum wall thickness, 6 inch minimum base slab thickness, provide Type [I][II][______][V] cement.
  2. Precast Top Section: ASTM C 913 [to withstand HS-20 loading][______].
  3. Tolerances: Same as precast concrete manhole and junction box.
  1. Brick Catch Basin:
  1. Depth: 4 foot maximum.
  2. Dimension: 2 foot minimum square inside, 8 inch minimum wall thickness, 9 inch minimum thick base slab.
  3. Material: Brick and mortar walls. Concrete base slab, [3000][4000][______] psi at 28 days.

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IN NEXT PARAGRAPH VERIFY THAT CHANNEL LININGS ARE INDICATED ON DRAWINGS.

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I.Channel Linings: As indicated on Drawings.

  1. Concrete:
  1. Cement: ASTM C 150, Type II.
  2. Fine Aggregates: ASTM C 33, sand.
  3. Coarse Aggregates: ASTM C 33, crushed stone.
  4. Water: Potable.
  5. Strength: [3000][4000][______] psi at 28 days.

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH, DELETE AIR ENTRAINMENT IF NOT REQUIRED (DELETE IF ABRASIVE CONDITION). IF REQUIRED USE BETWEEN 4 AND 8 %.

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  1. Air Entrainment: [4][______][8]%.
  1. Asphalt: Approved by State Department of Transportation.
  1. Asphaltic Cement Content: [5.5][______]% minimum.
  2. Marshall Stability: [1200][1500][______]pounds minimum.

J.Encasement/Casement:

  1. Concrete Encasement: 3000 psi concrete at 28 days.
  2. Steel Casement Pipe:

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IN NEXT 3 SUBPARAGRAPHS EDIT FOR RAILROAD CASEMENT PIPE; INCREASE PIPE THICKNESS TO ALLOW FOR CORROSION PER AREA OR SERVING RAILROAD STANDARDS.

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  1. [ASTM A 53] [ASTM A 139], carbon steel pipe, Grade B, [0.375] inch wall thickness minimum.
  2. Seal ends of pipe with [brick and mortar] [rubber boots].
  3. [Provide spacers to center carrier pipe inside of casement pipe].

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IN NEXT SUBPARAGRAPH, DELETE IF SOILS ARE NON-CORROSIVE. SELECT METHOD A OR B INSTALLATION. VERIFY WITH SOILS REPORT.

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  1. Ductile Iron Pipe Encasement: AWWA C105, 8 mil (minus 10% tolerance) low density polyethylene film per method [A] [B].

PART 3 EXECUTION