Learning Styles
NF Need acceptance, caring, support
Enjoy group interaction
Prefer cooperation over competition
Focus more on people than on the abstract
Learn best in face to face dialogue
NT Interested in principles and logic
Enjoy developing own ideas
Technology appeals to them
Need constant success experiences
Exert constantly escalating standards on self and others
SJ Value responsibility, dependability, obedience
Prefer a structured classroom
Like and need organization, schedule, discipline of authority
Do well with workbook
Expect teacher to “Rule and Teach,” students to “Follow and Learn”
SP Entertainer, free spirit, resourceful
Immediacy, short attention span, spontaneity
Need a physical involvement and activity
Are not good team members
Thrive on verbal and visual
May be restless in “regular” classroom settings
Teaching Styles
NF High commitment to students
Can mobilize student’s talent
Prefer interactional experience to lecturing
In touch with climate of classroom, create harmony
Relate individually to each student
Accept students and colleagues easier than superiors
Prefer small group to large group
Highly personal; stroke easily, tenderhearted, content
NT Enjoy designing new curriculum
Stretch students’ intellects
Prefer to teach knowledge rather than values and attitudes
Do not often express appreciation
Apt to be well read in their field
Impatient with needless paperwork or unproductive meetings
Often can sound harsh or impatient
Expect competency of students and are often demanding
SJ Responsible and dependable
Present material in sequence, well outlined
Impatient with disruptive students
Teach by the Socratic method
Can be critical of students who are tardy, seem disorganized or slow
Expect lessons to be done on time
Loyal to organizational structure
Expect students to be loyal
SP Value activity, risk, adventure
Very spontaneous in classroom
Do the unexpected
Entertaining, attractive, “show”
Not many in formal education
Apt to use drama, visual aids, video tapes
Tend to follow impulses rather than well laid plans
Therapist Styles
NF Tend to see the issues as identity issues
Very empathetic
Are natural rescuers
Can become too involved and drained by others’ problems
Frequently build “dependency” relationships
NT Tend to “depersonalize” client
Easily identify alternatives and show logical consequences of each
Fascinated by client’s behavior until understood, then may lose interest
Can be impatient with seemingly slow or non-responsive client
Very articulate, sometimes beyond client
SJ Tend to accept “surface” problem as real problem
Excellent as “instrumented” counselors (testing)
Very schedules and time conscious
Often know legal and ethical aspects of a problem
Emphasize “common sense” approach to problem solving
Low patience with what they judge as a waste of time
Excellent career counselors, less effective in long term personal counseling
High need for personal degrees and credentials
SP Excellent as “crisis” counselors
Respond best to “walk-ins”
May feel confined by schedules
Short term more exciting may lose real interest in long term client
Highly challenging and risk-taking
Generally “not at home” in world of psychological distress, particularly long term
Leadership Styles
NF Search for meaning and authenticity
Empathetic
See possibilities in institutions and people
Communicate appreciation, enthusiasm, approval
Highly responsive to interpersonal transactions
Keep in close contact with staff
Highly personalized
Give and need strokes freely
NT Hunger for competency and knowledge
Work well with ideas and concepts
Intrigued and challenged by riddles
See systematic relationships
Focus on possibilities through non-personal analysis
Like to start projects, but not good with follow through
Not always aware of others’ feelings
Responsive to new ideas
SJ Hunger for belonging and contributing
Prize harmony and service
Orderly, dependable, realistic
Understand and conserve institutional values
Expect others to be realistic
Supply stability and structure
More likely to reward institutionally rather than personally (trophies, letters, etc.)
Can be critical of mistakes more easily than rewarding of expected duties
SP Hunger for freedom and action
Deal with realistic problems
Flexible, open-minded
Willing to take risks
Highly negotiable
Can be perceived as indecisive
Challenged by “trouble spots” but not long term
Best at verbal planning and short range projects