1.Which of the Following Phylogenetic Groups Within the Animal Kingdom Encompasses All

SI 10/19/08

Exam 2 Review

1.Which of the following phylogenetic groups within the animal kingdom encompasses all the others in the list?

A. rotiferaB.deuterostomesC.bilateria

D.arthropodaE.protostomes

2.Octopi are most closely related to which of the following organisms?

A.clamsB.jellyfishC. starfish

D.earthwormsE.crabs

3.The innovation that freed vertebrates from being tied to water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the development of

A. ecdysis.B. the placenta.C. lateral line system.

D. bony appendages.E. amniotic egg.

4. Bad question—ignore it!

5.You are eumetazoan, bilateral, and a protostome. What other clade must you belong to in order to be a rotifera?

A.radiataB. cnidaria

C.molluscaD. lophotrochozoa

E.ecdysozoa

6. Tetrapods include:

A.humansB. snakes

C. birdsD. salamanders

E. all of the above

7. Insects are typically characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

A.Three pairs of legsB.chelicerataC. wings

D.A head, thorax, and abdomenE.Bilateral symmetry

8. Unlike placental mammals, both monotremes and marsupials:

A.are found in Australia and AfricaB.lack nipples

C.include only insectivores and herbivoresD.lay eggs

E.have some embryonic development outside the mother's uterus

9. Which of the following is the best description of sponges?

a. no real symmetry, diploblastic, cnidocytes for capturing prey

b. radial symmetry, triploblastic, nematocysts

c. no real symmetry, without true tissues, choanocytes for trapping food particles

d. bilateral symmetry, psuedocoel, flame bulbs for excretion

e. bilateral symmetry, osculum and spongocoel for filtering water

10. A water vascular system can be found in ______.

a. myriapods

b. insects

c. crustaceans

d. echinoderms

11. The three germ layers formed during gastrulation are ______.

a. mesoderm, endoderm, filaderm

b. endoderm, ectoderm, filaderm

c. ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

d. filaderm, exoderm, mesoderm

12. Sharks and rays ______.

a. have skeletons made of cartilage

b. are gnathostomes

c. have true jaws

d. all of the above

13. Segmented earthworms belong to the ______.

a. Phylum Platyhelminthes

b. Phylum Annelida

c. Phylum Polychaetes

d. None of the above

14. What do nematodes and arthropods have in common?

a. they are both segmented

b. they are both pseudocoelomates

c. they include important members of plankton communities

d. they both have exoskeletons and undergo ecdysis

e. both a and d are correct

15. Chitin can be found in ______.

a. cell walls of fungi

b. exoskeleton of arthropods

c. cell walls of plants

d. both a and b

16. Humans are ______animals.

a. exothermic

b. endothermic

c. isothermic

d. mesothermic

17. The body regions of an insect are ______.

a. head, body, wings

b. head, abdomen

c. thorax, abdomen, wings

d. head, thorax, abdomen

18. Mycorrhizal fungi ______.

a. harm plants

b. help plants

c. neither help nor harm plants

d. have nothing to do with plants

19. The difference between millipedes and centipedes is that ______.

a. millipedes live one million years and centipedes only live one hundred years

b. millipedes have one million legs and centipedes only have one hundred legs

c. millipedes have two pairs of legs per segment and centipedes have only one pair

d. millipedes have one pair of legs per segment and centipedes have two

20. Septa are ______and fungi without septa are _____.

a. spores in fungi, aesexual

b. filaments of fungi, shapeless masses

c. nuclei in fungi, septa-free

d. divisions between cells in fungi, coenocytic fungi

21. Ecdysis is the process of _____.

a. growing back a lost limb

b. the molting of an exoskeleton

c. changing from one stage to another in metamorphosis

d. an insect slowly dehydrating itself in preparation for winter

22. In fungi, plasmogamy is ______and karyogamy is ______.

a. fusing of the cytoplasm, fusing of the nuclei

b. fusing of the nuclei, fusing of the cytoplasm

c. fusing of mitochondria, fusing of the karyotype

d. fusing of the plasma, fusing of the karyotype

23. Having moist skin and lungs allowed ______to live on land.

a. amphibians

b. reptiles

c. slugs

d. plankton

24. Bad question-ignore this one too.. sorry! J

25.  Which of the following classes are composed primarily of parasites?

a.  Cestodia

b.  Hirudinea

c.  Trematoda

d.  A & C only

e.  All of the above

26.  Which of the following is the best description of human evolution:

a.  Humans did not evolve from gorillas

b.  Humans did not evolve from chimps

c.  Humans did not evolve from any extant (still living) primates

d.  Last common ancestor (a primate) was 5-7 million years ago

e.  All of the above are correct

27.  Most extant fish species are:

a.  Sharks b. lobe-finned c. lungfish d. ray-finned e. bony fish

28.  Clown fish and anemones form a ______relationship because the clown fish gains protection from the anemones and the anemones are able to get more food because the clown fish attracts organisms that would otherwise not be there. Differently, crabs and anemones form a ______relationship because the crabs benefit from the relationship but the anemones have no benefit.

a.  Mutualistic, parasitic

b.  Parasitic, commensalistic

c.  Commensalistic, mutualistic

d.  Mutualistic, commensalistic

e.  Commensalistic, parasitic

29.  Which of the following is not a filter feeder?

a.  Sponges b. Large sharks c. both are filter feeders d. neither are filter feeders

30.  Which of the following are segmented organisms?

a.  Annelids b. arthropods c. chordates d. both a and b e. a, b, and c

*note: in the book it states that chordates are segmented… but I think that they are segmented in a way different than annelids and arthropods

31.  Which of the following is not a member a member of arthropoda?

a.Chelicerates b. myriapods c. hexapods d. crustaceans e. cnidaria

32.  Hermaphrodites:

a.  Contain female and male sex organs but usually cross-fertilize

b.  Include sponges, earthworms, and most insects

c.  Are characteristically parthenogenic rotifers

d.  Are both a and b

e.  Are a, b, and c

33.  Which of the following is not true of cnidarians?

a.  An alternation of medusa and polyp stage is common

b.  They use a ring of tentacles armed with stinging cells to capture prey

c.  They include hydras, jellies, sponges, and sea anemones

d.  They have a gastrovascular cavity

34.  Which of the following structure is not associated with prey capture?

a.  Chetae of earthworm

b.  Mandibles of centipedes

c.  Cnidocytes of hydra

d.  Tentacles of squid

e.  Tube feet of sea star

35.  Which of the following does not function in filter feeding?

a.  Radula of snails

b.  Choanocytes of sponges

c.  Mucus-coated gills of clams

d.  Crown of cilia of rotifers

e.  All of the above function in filter feeding

36.  Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its gas exchange mechanism?

a.  Amphibians- skin and lungs

b.  Lungfishes- gills and lungs

c.  Reptiles- lungs

d.  Bony fishes- swim bladder

e.  Mammals-lungs with diaphragm to ventilate

37.  How do hagfish and lamprey differ?

a.  Hagfish have jaws, but lampreys do not

b.  Hagfish lack vertebrae, but a cartilaginous vertebrae is present in lamprey

c.  Hagfish feed on live and dead organisms, but lampreys feed only on dead organisms

d.  None of the above are correct

38.  The system is present in sharks that functions as an organ that functions in detection of vibration and movement is called:

a.  Sensory system

b.  Vibration detection system

c.  Horizontal line system

d.  Lateral line system

e.  Diagonal line system

39.  The term discussed in class that means that a fish can move back and forth between salt and fresh water (eg: may live in salt water but breed in fresh water) is:

a.  Anadromous

b.  Oceanodromous

c.  Diadromous

d.  Amphidromous

e.  None of the above are correct

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