Name: ______
Anatomy & Physiology Final Exam Study Guide
The final exam consists of questions from Chapter 7 – Chapter 14 (skip Chapter 8).
Match the following terms with the correct Endocrine organs: Adrenals, Hypothalamus, Ovaries, Pancreas, Parathyroid, Pineal, Pituitary, Testes, Thymus, Thyroid
Match the following terms: Anus, Appendix, Esophagus, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, Liver, Mouth, Pancreas, Pharynx, Rectum, Salivary Glands, Small Intestine, Spleen, Stomach, and Tongue
Chapter 7
Define the following divisions of the nervous system.
Central Nervous System (CNS) –
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) –
Autonomic Nervous System –
Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS are called ______.
The gap between two communicating neurons is termed the ______.
The ______reflex involves skeletal muscles.
What are the three regions of the brain stem? What does the medulla oblongata control?
The ______plexus serves the shoulder and arm.
Match the following brain regions to their main actions:
Broca’s Area Auditory (hearing) area
Occipital Lobe Primary somatic sensory area
Parietal Lobe Motor speech
Posterior Association Area Recognizing patterns/faces
Temporal Lobe Visual (seeing) area
Chapter 9
A ______occurs when the thyroid gland enlarges due to a low iodine diet.
The______produces antidiuretic hormone.
______production peaks during the night to help regulate sleep/awake cycles.
The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are actually made in the ______.
The main target of insulin is ______levels of the blood.
What is Addison’s disease? What is Grave’s disease? What is Cushing’s syndrome?
Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreatic islets called ______.
The ______gland is located in the neck surrounding the trachea.
Match the hormone with the action it performs:
Calcitonin Stimulates contractions; bonding hormone
Growth Hormone Lowers blood calcium levels
Insulin Involved in daily sleep awake cycles
Melatonin Regulates growth rates in the body
Oxytocin Lowers blood glucose levels
Chapter 10/Chapter 11
Your ______is the percentage of erythrocytes in your blood.
Living at high altitudes for a long period of time could result in ______.
Blood normally takes ______minutes to clot.
How are red blood cells and white blood cells different?
The volume of blood pumped out with each ventricular contraction is known as ______.
______carry oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
The ______valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
______makes up the majority of blood content.
An abnormal increase in red blood cells is called ______.
Match the following parts of the heart with their primary actions:
Aorta Receives blood from superior/inferior vena cava
Left Atrium Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Left Ventricle Receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary vein
Right Atrium Pumps blood out of the heart to rest of body
Right Ventricle Largest blood vessel in the body
What are the differences between veins, arteries, and capillaries?
Chapter 12
The ______are lymphoid tissues that trap and remove bacteria entering the throat.
Lymph tissues found within the walls of the small intestine are called ______.
The first line of defense against an attack from a potential invader is ______.
B cells develop immunocompetence in the ______.
What specific type of acquired immunity is provided by vaccines?
______are tissue grafts taken from an unrelated person, while ______are tissue grafts taken from an identical twin.
Chapter 13
What are the four main events of respiration?
The process of breathing is called ______.
Oxygen enters the trachea and then passes into the ______before the lungs.
Removal of the ______would result in the inability to speak.
Extremely slow breathing is termed ______.
The emergency surgical opening of the trachea is called a ______.
What is SIDS?
Chapter 14
The majority of nutrient absorption takes place in the ______.
The process of mixing food back and forth in the small intestine is called ______.
______converts milk protein into sour milk in infants.
The purpose of mastication is to ______.
Chyme spends approximately ______hours in the small intestine.
______is the process by which larger molecules are built from smaller ones, while ______is the process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones.
What are the four main functions of the alimentary canal?
Proteins are broken down into smaller molecules called ______.
Match each organ with it main role in digestion:
Esophagus Vast majority of nutrient absorption
Large Intestine Moves food from mouth to stomach
Liver Breaks down food with hydrochloric acid
Small Intestine Produces bile to store in gallbladder
Stomach Absorbs water/vitamin K before defecation