Integumentary Quizlet
1. membranes that cover and line; always combined with an underlying layer of connective tissue; ex: cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes
2. membrane that contains no epithelial cells; ex: synovial membrane
3. layer of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue; lines body cavity not open to exterior (pleura, pericardium, peritoneum); double layer membrane with a visceral and parietal layer
4. secreted by serous membranes to prevent friction between visceral and parietal layers
5. serous membrane lining the heart
6. serous membrane lining the heart cavity
7. serous membrane lining the lungs
8. serous membrane lining the lung cavity
9. serous membrane lining the abdominal organs
10. serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity
11. the skin; epithelial membrane composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium connected to dense fibrous connective tissue
12. connective tissue membrane made of soft areolar connective tissue (no epithelial cells); lines fibrous capsules surrounding joints, providing a smooth surface and secretes lubricating fluid
13. lubricating fluid secreted in the joints
14. epithelial membrane lining body cavities open to the exterior such as the GI tract; epithelial tissue varies by location and connective tissue layer (lamina propria); continuously bathed in mucous secretions and adapted for absorption or secretion
15. functions of the integument
16. skin, hair, and accessory structures
17. 90% of epidermal cells, produce keratin and lamellar granules; found throughout the epidermis
18. 8% of skin cells, produce pigments to absorb UV radiation; found in the stratum basale
19. contact sensory neurons found at the epidermal/dermal junction
20. epidermal cells that mount immune response; found throughout epidermis
21. also known as stratum germinativum; mitotically active layer of epidermis that produces new keratinocytes; has tonofilaments for attachment; melanocytes found here
22. 2nd deepest layer of epidermis; has tonofilaments present for strength and stability and immature keratinocytes
23. keratinocytes begin dying and flattening & release keratin and lamellar granules; 3rd deepest layer of skin
24. layer of epidermis only in thick skin (i.e. palms of hands & soles of feet); made of flattened dead cells; when present, is 2nd most superficial layer
25. most superficial epidermal layer; flattened, dead cells that are continually shed; ¾ of epidermal thickness; Durable, protects deeper cells fromenvironment and water loss; resists
biological, chemical, physical damage
26. needed when skin has been damaged and a significant portion of the stratum basale is damaged/gone; donor skin is used to replace damaged skin
27. chronic skin disorder characterized by more rapid division and movement of keratinocytes through the epidermal strata (cells shed in 7-10 days); keratin formed is abnormal; flaky, silvery scales
28. deep layer of the skin made of dense irregular connective tissue; binds the body together; the location of tattoo ink injection; has two major regions; varies in thickness; has collagen and elastic fibers throughout; capillaries help maintain body temperature homeostasis
29. superficial layer of the skin made of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue; 4-5 layers
30. upper dermal region; has dermal papillae that extend up into the epidermis; contains capillary loops to furnish nutrients to the epidermis; houses pain receptors (free nerve endings) and touch receptors; gives "fingerprints"
31. deepest skin layer; lower dermal region; contains irregularly arranged ct fibers and blood vessels, sweat, and oil glands; contains deep pressure receptors (lamellar corpuscles); phagocytes
32. stretch marks; tears in the dermis; # of elastic fibers in dermis affects likelihood of having these (genetic)
33. fingerprints; formed during 3rd month of fetal development
34. pigment produced in skin to protect the cells from UV radiation
35. complete or partial loss of melanocytes from patches of skin resulting in irregular white spots; may be due to immune system malfunction where antibodies attack melanocytes
36. inherited inability to produce melanin
37. tissue with large amounts of matrix
38. yellow color to skin and whites (sclera) of eyes caused by deposits of excess bile salts in tissues due to liver problems
39. the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone
40. cells that produce the pigment, melanin
41. produces and secretes an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair
42. fat cells
43. contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands
44. deeper subcutaneous tissue; is made of fat and connective tissue
45. gland with a duct that secrets a substance (not a hormone) onto the surface of an organ
46. found all over the skin except on palms of hands and soles of feet; ducts typically empty into a hair follicle but some open directly to skin surface; secrete oily substance called sebum
47. sweat glands; more than 2.5 million per person; two types: eccrine & apocrine
48. oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands into hair follicles; Lubricant: keeps skin soft, moist, prevents hair from becoming brittle; antibacterial
49. glands found all over the body that produce sweat for maintaining body temperature and for excreting wastes
50. glands found in the axillary region, genetal region, breast, face-stimulated with stress
51. all accessory structures in integumentary system arise from....
52. earwax
53. modified sebaceous glands found in the ears that secrete earwax
54. encloses the root of the hair
55. base of the hair follicle; contains the papilla (blood vessels) and matrix (hair growth)
56. muscle that causes the hair to stand up when contracted
57. protein that makes up the majority of the hair shaft
58. portion of the hair that is not enclosed in the follicle
59. fine, soft hair on fetus during development; nonpigmented
60. short, fine hair that replaces lanugo
61. course, pigmented hair on head, eyelashes, & eyebrows
62. hard, keratinized epidermal cells over the dorsal surfaces of the terminal portions of the fingers and toes
63. repaired by enlargement and migration of basal cells, which use contact inhibition to stop cell growth after healed (grow and divide until touching other cells); epidermal growth factor stimulates basal cells to divide and replace the ones that have moved into the wound
64. wound healing which requires phases: inflammatory phase, migratory phase (epithelial cells beneath scab bridge the wound with granulation tissue, fibroblasts begin scar tissue), proliferative phase (intensifies migratory phase), maturation phase (scab sloughs off, restoring to normal; scar tissue formation (fibrosis) occurs in this type of wound healing
65. embryonic germ layer from which the epidermis is derived
66. embryonic germ layer from which the dermis is derived
67. typically occurs in the dermis due to loss of collagen, elasticity of fibers decreases, decreased immuneresponse, less oil and sweat, less melanocytes, skin thins
68. abnormal, uncontrolled increase in basal cells; only spreads in extreme cases (4 million cases each year; most common skin cancer)
69. 2nd most common skin cancer found in upper layer of epidermis; more than 1 million cases each year
70. most dangerous of the skin cancers; unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells form malignant tumors; originate in melanocytes (look like moles or develop from moles); 10,130 people annually; causes most deaths because it can mestasize