Ohio Chemistry Calendar
January
1Chemical Abstracts started in 1907; Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA) renamed 11/12/1906, effective 1/1/1907; originally Pittsburgh Reduction Company, founded 9/18/1888; Michael J. Owens b. 1859-Dec. 27, 1923
2Henry Morrison Flagler b. 1830-May 20, 1913 co-founder of Standard Oil
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4Herbert H. Dow prepared bromine from brine, 1891.
5Albert Kelvin Smith 1899-Nov. 15, 1984 a founder of Lubrizol Corp.
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7Irvine Heinly Page 1901-June 10, 1991 isolation of serotonin in 1948 at Cleveland Clinic
In 1913, William M. Burton patented (US Patent 1,049,667) a process to "crack" petroleum, converting oil to produce gasoline. Standard Oil used his method.
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9George Rieveschl born 1916 died Sep. 27, 2007 invented Benadryl
10 Standard Oil Co. started in 1870
Eagle Picher Industries incorporated in 1867
11Aladar Pacz 1882-1944 developer of non-sag tungsten
12James L. Fergason born 1934 died Dec. 9, 2008 invented improved LCD
13Charles F. Mabery 1850-June 26, 1927 Chemistry Professor
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15In 1936, the first, all glass, windowless building in the U.S. was completed in Toledo, Ohio as the home of the Owens-Illinois Glass Company Laboratory.
William Starling Sullivant 1803-April 30, 1873 botanist
16Homer Burton Adkins born 1892-Aug. 10, 1949 developed the Adkins catalyst
17Washington H. Lawrence (b. 1840-Nov. 23, 1900) was a pioneer in the manufacture of electricity who organized and served as president of the National Carbon Co., forerunner of Union Carbide & Carbon Corp. Dale Kleist b. 1909-May 4, 1998 invented fiberglass
18John Owens Aicher 1912-Dec. 1, 1993 chemical engineer worked at NelaPark
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20The Great Karg Natural Gas well was discovered in 1886 in Findlay, OH and led to development of the glass industry in Findlay
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26Rachel Holloway Lloyd b.1839-Mar. 7, 1900 first American woman to earn a Ph.D. in chemistry
27Donalee L. Tabern b. 1900-Dec. 31, 1974 co-discovered the general anesthetic Pentothal
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29 Edward W. Morley born 1838 died Feb.24, 1923 Michelson-Morley experiment; Lewis Frederick Urry b. 1927-Oct. 19, 2004 invented alkaline batteries
30Peter Agre 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003 water channels post graduate training at CaseWesternUniversityHospital
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February
1Roger Y. Tsien 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 for green fluorescent protein
2 First sale of Ethyl gas in Dayton, Ohio 1923
3Sherwin, Williams & Co. formed 1870
4 Tetrafluoroethylene polymers US 2230654 patent issued in 1941 to Roy Plunkett
5Cleveland Clinic founded in 1921
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7 Borden acquires Moores and Ross Company in 1929
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10Samuel Andrews 1836-Apr. 15, 1904 was a founder of Standard Oil Co.
11 Thomas Alva Edison born 1847 in Milan, OH died Oct. 31, 1931
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14Evan J. Crane born 1889 in Columbus, OH died Dec. 30, 1966 CA editor 1915-1958
Willem J. Kolff b. 1911-Feb. 11, 2009 hemodialysis pioneer and development of heart-lung machine
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20Helen M. Free b. 1923 created self-testing systems for diabetes
George F. Smoot 1945 Nobel Prize in Physics 2006
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23 1886 Charles Martin Hall produced aluminum metal by electrochemical method
24 Judah Folkman, MD b.1933-Jan. 14, 2008 angiogenesis
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26Herbert Henry Dow born 1866 died Oct. 15, 1930 founded Dow Chemical Co.
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28Leon Neil Cooper 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics 1972 taught at OSU 1957-58
March
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4Garrett A. Morgan 1877-Aug. 27, 1963 inventor of gas mask and three-colored traffic light
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8First use of Sodium thiopental in human beings in 1934 by Dr. Ralph M. Waters
9Edward J. Orton, Sr. 1829-Oct. 16, 1899 Geologist and first President of OSU
10Melvin S. Newman born 1908 died May 30, 1993 OSU Chemistry Professor; Newman Projection
11 The development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at SUNY at Stony Brook is designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark in 2011.
12Ohio Academy of Science incorporated in 1892
Edward Andrew Deeds 1874-July 1, 1960 engineer, inventor and industrialist started Delco
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14Graham John Durant b. 1934-Mar. 11, 2009 Tagamet (Cimetidine)
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17Charles F. Brush 1849-June 15, 1929 Ohio inventor and entrepreneur
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20James Webb Cook Hayes 1856-July 26, 1934 American businessman and co-founder of the National Carbon Company
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22Robert Andrews Millikan 1868-Dec. 19, 1953 Nobel Prize in Physics 1923 OberlinCollege 1886-91
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27First meeting of the Civil Engineering Club of Cleveland in 1880 which becomes Cleveland Engineering Society in 1908.
28Victor Mills 1897-Nov. 1, 1997 P & G chemical engineer
29COSI opened in 1964
30John Louis Janning 1928 in Dayton worked at NCR where he developed liquid crystal alignment methodology
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April
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2 b. 1900 Melville L. Wolfrom, research on structural forms of sugar & structure of
heparin and streptomycin; founded Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry
3James Gamble 1803-Apr. 29, 1891 Co-founder of Procter & Gamble
4John Alfred Lauck 1909-May 24, 1999 industrial engineer developed one of the first heart-lung machines
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8Harvey Williams Cushing 1869-Oct. 7, 1939 father of modern neurosurgery
9Kent Hale Smith 1894-March 26, 1980 founder of Lubrizol Corporation
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11Alfred Henry Free b. 1913-May 15, 2000 Dip test for Glucose (Diabetes) Clinistix
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15 In 1878, Harley Procter developed Ivory Soap, which when marketed later, made Procter and Gamble a multi-million dollar business.
16Harry Clinton Moores 1881-Feb. 28, 1965 Harry C. Moores and Stanley M. Ross founded Moores and Ross Dairy 6/1903. It was later known as M and R Dietetic Lab. and became Ross Laboratories in 1964.
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20Ohio Columbus Barber 1841-Feb. 4, 1920 founded the Barber Match Company, America’s Match King started the Diamond Match Company around 1881
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23Granville T. Woods 1856-Jan. 30, 1910 Columbus, OH African-American inventor
Kem-Tone Wall Finish designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark in 1996
24Sabin Sunday first US test of the oral polio vaccine 1960
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29 In 1879, the first use in the U.S. of electric arc lamps took place in Cleveland, Ohio.
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May
1 National Electric Lamp Company founded in 1901 in Cleveland
2 Austin McD. Patterson born 1876-1949
BF Goodrich Co. incorporated, 1912
Formica Products Company began operations in Cincinnati, OH in 1913
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5 Procter & Gamble Co. incorporated, 1897
6Paul C. Lauterbur 1929-Mar. 27, 2007 born Sidney, OH Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003 for discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging
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8Franklin Silas Terry 1862-July 23, 1926 American industrialist and a founder of the National Electric Lamp Co.
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10Edward Porter Williams 1843-May 4, 1903 co-founder of Sherwin-Williams
11B. F. Goodrich Co. announces development of tubeless tire in 1947
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14James F. Lincoln 1883-June 23, 1965 Lincoln Electric Co.
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18 Thomas Midgley, Jr. born 1889 died Nov. 2, 1944
Dow Chemical Co. incorporated, 1897
19John Jacob Abel 1857-May 26, 1938 born in Cleveland, OH American biochemist and pharmacologistisolated epinephrine (adrenaline)
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22In 1900, the first automatic computing scale was issued a patent to the Toledo, Ohio, inventor Allen De Vilbiss, Jr. After applying for the patent on 24 Jan 1899, he formed the De Vilbiss cale Co., predecessor of the Toledo Scale Co.
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24 Francis Harrington Glidden b.1832-Sep. 24, 1922 founder of Glidden Co.
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June
1 Standard Oil open’s the World’s first automotive service station at Oak and Young Streets in Columbus, Ohio in 1913.
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4 Vincent K. Smith 1896-Mar. 9, 1980 a founder of Lubrizol Corp.
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6Richard E. Smalley 1943-Oct. 28, 2005 born in Akron, OH Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996
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8New Chemical Abstracts building dedicated at OhioStateUniversity in all-day program in1956 Source C&E News 1956 34(26) 3170.
9Lincoln Electric Co. incorporated in 1906
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13Willard H. Bennett 1903-Sep. 28, 1987 invented radio frequency mass spectrometer
14Chemical Abstracts Service designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark in 2007
Fredric John Baur 1918-March 4, 2008 chemist invented Pringles tubular package
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19Paul Flory 1910-Sep. 9, 1985 Polymer Chemist Nobel Prize 1974
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26Roy J. Plunkett 1910-May 12, 1994 inventor of Teflon
27George W. Heise 1888-? Chemist and researcher for National Carbon
28Frank Sherwood Rowland b. 1927 in Delaware, OH researcher on air pollution particularly the ozone layer; Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1995).
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July
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2William McPherson born 1864 died Oct. 2, 1951 OSU Chemistry Professor
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4Burnie Lee Benbow 1885-April 7, 1976 Manager of the Cleveland Wire Works, GE Lighting
5US Patent 2,712,507 issued 1955 to NCR colloid chemist Barrett K. Green, father of microencapsulation
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8John D. Rockerfeller b.1839-May 23, 1937 founded Standard Oil Company 1870
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26Paul W. Litchfield 1875-March 18, 1959 President & CEO of Goodyear Tires
27 First US patent for chewing gum issued in 1869 to Amos Tyler of Toledo, OH
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29 G. F. Smith b. 1891-Sept. 23, 1976 founder GFS Chemicals
30Carl F. Prutton 1898-July 15, 1970 chemical engineer and educator
31Lubrizol begins in 1928, when the Graphite Oil Products Company is incorporated in the state of Ohio.
August
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2Paul R. Frohing 1903-Jan. 14, 1998 a pioneer in nutritional research who helped develop infant formula and antibiotics
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5Frank Hovorka 1897-Apr. 9, 1984 chemistry professor (WRU) leader in electrochemsitry
6Alexander Liepa, a food scientist, invented Pringles on August 6, 1968.
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9William Alfred Fowler 1911-March 14, 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics 1983
10Gordon Battelle b. 1883-Sep. 21, 1923
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15 In 1911, Procter & Gamble Company of Cincinnati, Ohio, introduced Crisco, a hydrogenated shortening to provide an economical alternative to animal fats and butter.
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17 Charles Kettering receives patent for electric self-starter in 1915
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22Ernest H. Volwiler b. 1893-Oct. 3, 1992 co-discovered the general anesthetic Pentothal
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25Frederick C. Robbins b. 1916-Aug. 4, 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine 1954
26Albert B. Sabin, MD 1906-Mar. 3, 1993 developed the oral, live-virus polio vaccine
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29Charles Franklin Kettering Aug.29, 1876-Nov. 24 or 25, 1958 born Loudonville, OH; leaded gasoline
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September
1Francis P. Bundy b. 1910-Feb. 23, 2008 Diamond Synthesis US Patent 2947611
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6 The Nestle R&D Center, the largest research facility of Nestle in the US, is inaugurated in Marysville, OHin 1996.
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8East Ohio Gas Co. incorporated in 1898
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10Waldo L. Semon b. 1898-May 26, 1999 method for making plasticized PVC
Arthur H. Compton 1892-Mar. 15, 1962 Nobel Prize for Physics (1927)
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13Sohio Acrylonitrile Process designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark 1996
Elliot Quincy Adams 1888-Mar. 12, 1971 American scientist worked at NELAPark
14 National Historic Chemical Landmark 1995 for Research on the Atomic Weight of Oxygen by Edward W. Morley in Cleveland, Ohio
Ferid Murad 1936 Nobel Prize in Medicine 1998 MD-PhD from Western ReserveUniv.
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17High Performance Carbon Fibers designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark at Parma, Ohio (2003)
Production of Aluminum Metal by Electrochemistry designated a National Chemical Landmark at Oberlin, Ohio (1997)
18Pittsburgh Reduction Company founded in 1888 by Charles Hall and Alfred E. Hunt and later becomes Alcoa
19John H. Thomas b. 1907-Sep. 17, 1991 inventor Fiberglass
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21Donald Arthur Glaser 1926 in Cleveland, OH Nobel Prize in Physics 1960 for the invention of the bubble chamber
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23Kem-Tone was registered as a trademark in 1941.
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27Henry Alden Sherwin 1842-June 26, 1916 founder of Sherwin-Williams.
The Columbia Dry Cell Battery designated National Historic Chemical Landmark (2005)
Book matches were patented in 1892 by Joshua Pusey of Lima, Ohio No. 483,165
28Henry Theobald 1865-July 12, 1924 started the Toledo Scale Company in 1901
29 The Granville Technical Center was dedicated to Games Slayter on Sept. 29, 1961
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October
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2Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr. born 1935-Dec.8, 1967 first African-American Astronaut named by NASA and Ph.D. in Chemistry from OSU
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4Albert W. Smith 1862-Mar. 4, 1927 Chemistry Professor and a founder of Dow Chemical Co.
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6Frank A. Seiberling b. 1859 died August, 1955 founded the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company in Akron in 1898
7 The Columbus Section received its charter in 1897.
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9Myron T. Herrick 1854-Mar. 31, 1929 42nd Governor of Ohio. In 1886 he helped to finance the founding of The National Carbon Company.
10Dreft laundry detergent introduced in 1933 by Proctor and Gamble
11Ferro Corporation was founded in 1919 as the Ferro Enameling Company in Cleveland, Ohio.
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14Burton Gad Tremaine 1863-Feb. 16, 1948 American industrialist and a founder of the National Electric Lamp Company
15Formica Insulation Company incorporated in 1913
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25 The development of Tide-the first heavy-duty synthetic detergent-was designated as a National Historic Chemical Landmark in a ceremony in Cincinnati, Ohio in 2006
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29 James Ritty 1836-Mar. 29, 1918 inventor of cash register
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31 Procter and Gamble Company founded on this date in 1837 in Cincinnati, Ohio.
November
1Owens-Corning founded 1938 Toledo, OH
2Production of Aluminum Metal designated as a National Historic Chemical Landmark (2001).
The first titanium mill was opened in Toronto, Ohio by the Titanium Metals Corp. of America (TIMET) on Nov. 2, 1957.
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4Benjamin Franklin Goodrich Nov. 4, 1841-Aug. 3, 1888 American industrialist in the rubber and founder of the BF Goodrich Company in Akron, OH in 1870
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6COSI re-opened at new location in 1999; Florence Zacks Melton 1911-Feb. 8, 2007 founder of RG Barry Co.
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8Ashland Chemical Co. formed in 1967
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15 Alkaline dry-cell Patent 2,960,558 issued 1960
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17William Merriam Burton 1865-Dec. 29, 1954 thermal cracking process for crude oil
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19Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr. 1915-Mar. 9, 1974 Nobel Prize in Medicine 1971 hormone research Western Reserve University 1953-1963
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23 Donald Deskey 1894-April 29, 1989 Industrial designer
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26 Moisture-proof cellophane (US Pat. No. 1,737,187) patent issued to William Hale Charch of DuPont Cellophane Company in 1929
Fred A. Lennon 1905-July 23, 1998 founder and chairman of Swagelok Company
27Samuel Mitja Rapoport 1912-July 7, 2004 developed a way for preserving whole blood in 1941
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December
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4Leland C. Clark, Jr. 1918-Sep.25, 2005 Chemist inventor of Clark oxygen electrode
Dennis W. Weatherby b. 1959-Sept. 15, 2007 developed automatic dishwasher detergent Cascade
Dominick Labino 1910-Jan. 10, 1987 inventor and glass artist with 60 glass-related patents
5 Jerome Monroe Smucker 1858-Mar. 19, 1948 founder of J.M. Smucker Co.
6Charles Martin Hall (Dec. 6, 1863-Dec. 27, 1914) born Thompson, OH; electrolytic aluminum manufacturing; Alcoa; Oberlin
John B. Tytus, Jr. 1875-June 2, 1944 Middletown, OH invented a Process of Continuous Rolling Strip Steel (US Patent 1,581,039)
7William Procter 1801-Apr. 4, 1884 Co-founder of Procter & Gamble
Frank K. Schoenfeld 1904-Dec. 29, 1984 chemical engineer and director of the B.F. Goodrich research center in the 1960’s
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9Games Slayter b. 1896-Oct. 15, 1964 Father of Fiberglas
William N. Lipscomb 1919 in Cleveland, OH Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976 for work on borane chemistry
10Karl E. Prindle 1902-Oct.13, 1998 industrial chemist
Dr. Paul I. Hoxworth founds Hoxworth Blood Center in Cincinnati, one of the nation's first community blood centers in 1938.
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13John Henry Patterson, 1844-May 7, 1922, was an industrialist and founder of the National Cash Register Company.
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17Toledo Glass Co. incorporated (1895) to exploit early semi-automatic glass blowing machines of Michael J. Owens
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19Albert Abraham Michelson b. 1852-May 9, 1931 1907 Nobel Prize in Physics
Thomas Mastin 1913-May 31, 1998 research chemist and Chairman of Lubrizol Corp.
20Harvey S. Firestone born 1868-Feb. 7, 1938 started Firestone Tire and Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio in 1900
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22William Lloyd Evans born 1870 died Oct.18, 1954 OSU Chemistry Professor
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25Herman Frasch b. 1851-May 1, 1914 Invented process for desulfurization of oil
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28 Chewing gum patent (US patent 98,304) filed by William F. Semple of Mount Vernon, OH in 1869
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31Ohio Academy of Science founded in 1891
In 1951, the first battery to convert radioactive energy to electrical was announced. Invented by Philip Edwin Ohmart of Cincinnati, Ohio, it consisted of two electrochemically dissimilar electrodes separated by a filling gas that was ionized by exposure to the nuclear energy to produce electrical current.
Resources
More information on the history of the chemical industry in Cleveland is published in Two Centuries of Progress: A Bicentennial History of the Chemical Industry in Cleveland, 1786-1996 by R. R. Hamerla. Copies of this limited edition book are available at the Cuyahoga County Library, the CaseWestern ReserveUniversity library, the JohnCarrollUniversity library, and the OberlinCollege library.
National Inventors Hall of Fame website
The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
Ohio History Central An online Encyclopedia of Ohio History
Chemical Heritage Foundation
Today in Science History website
This Week in the History of Chemistry
Monthly Historical Events in Chemistry by Leopold May
Heartland Science
Remarkable Ohio Marking Ohio’s History. This website features historical markers in the state of Ohio. It gives the marker title; content of the marker; location and address; keywords; categories; sponsor(s); year; and photos. It is searchable and well organized.
Famous Miami Valley Inventors compiled by Ran Raider of Wright State University
The Nobel Prize website