Layers of the Alimentary Canal

The Alimentary Canal

Layers of the Alimentary Canal

•______– Mucous Membrane

•innermost layer

•adjacent to lumen

•Primarily epithelial tissue

•Secretes ______and other products to aid in ______.

•______

•Below mucosa

•Dense connective tissue

•______blood vessels, lymphatic, vessels, nerves

•______Externa

•Two layers of smooth muscle to aid in ______

•______

•Thin, slippery ______that minimize friction between ______and ______wall.

•Also known as ______

•visceral

•Parietal

•Connected together by the mesentery

Alimentary Canal

•Also known as the ______tract (gi tract)

•The tube that runs through the body from the ______to the ______.

•______long and includes the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.

•Accessory Organs/Structures:

•______

•______

•______

•______

•______

Upper Alimentary Organs

•Oral Cavity

•______

•Mechanical breakdown- ______(chewing)

•Chemical breakdown- ______enzymes

•______- pushing food back to throat to swallow

•Teeth, gingiva, tongue, salivary glands, cheeks and lips all assist

Teeth

Responsible for mechanically breaking down food

•Anatomy of Tooth

•______- – visible portion doing the chewing, covered in enamel

•______– below the gums and bone; anchored to the jaw via ligaments

•______- Cavity inside tooth with blood and nerve supply

•Three tissue layers

•______- Outer most layer of tooth, mineral calcium phosphate

similar to bone but much harder

•______and______are underlying tissues within the tooth

•______- tissue surrounding teeth

•Gingiva (gums)- ______

•Boney socket for tooth to ______

Saliva

Responsible for chemically breaking down food by secreting saliva into mouth

•______-- moistens food, protects mouth and body from infection

•Water, enzymes, mucous, antibodies

•Three pairs of salivary glands

•______

•______

•______

Pharynx and Esophagus

•The pathway (within alimentary canal) food takes on its way to the stomach from the mouth

•______-the throat

•______- muscular food tube to stomach

•______begins (wave of muscular contraction to push food through the GI tract

Stomach

•Responsible for ______-______breaking down food by secreting gastric juices

•The stomach is basically a ______-, a holding tank for food and stretches out to hold ______of contents. Food takes a while to break down and must be broken down ______entering the small intestine for nutrient absorption. The stomach does ______.

•______- folds of tissue that allow the stomach to expand when full with food

•Mechanical digestion

•Lined with ______layers of muscles to churn food, continue chopping after the teeth are done

•Chemical digestion

•______layer of the stomach

•Simple ______epithelium that secretes mucus.

•Gastric pits that secrete juices

•Hydrochloric acid (HCl)