CONSOLIDATED RESULTS REPORT – AFGHANISTAN

Country: AFGHANISTAN Programme Cycle: 2006 – 2008

1. Key Results Expected / 3. Key Progress Indicators / 4. Description of Results Achieved / 5. Constraints and facilitating factors /
Young Child Survival and Development
Increased utilization of defined set of Integrated Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition (IMCHN) services, (primarily community-based). / 1. Under 5 Mortality Rate.
2. Infant Mortality Rate.
3. Malnutrition (weight/age) / - No recent data available to measure the progress on Under 5 Mortality and Infant Mortality Rate;
- Over 95% of 6-59 months old children received every year two rounds of vitamin A supplementation. - Strategic expansion from facility based to Community-Based Management of Severe and Acute Malnutrition (C-SAM)
- Therapeutic Feeding Units scaled up from 18 to 44 and managed by trained staff
- Measles mortality reduction campaign for children aged 9-59 months conducted three times all over the country with more than 90% coverage / - Lack of reliable data on mortality and, poor documentation of project activities and inadequate reporting on results.
- Limitation of access due to the security situation; coordination challenges with multiple partners;- Continued high susceptibility to natural and recurrent emergencies
- Ambitious Plan of Action and insufficient funds for UN-Joint Program on maternal mortality reduction;
- Inadequate capacity of implementing partners and frequent turnover of their staff;
- Human Resources constraints such as (a) The International EPI Specialist post remained vacant from May 2007 until Dec 2008,
(b) Delays and difficulties in recruiting external technical expertise to carry out EmNOC needs assessment and EmNOC Training of Trainers
- Strong support of donors and partners with available/potential funding resources and strategic partnership around two well defined packages of services (BPHS and EPHS)
- Emerging consensus to focus on community based maternal and newborn care and a partnership between MoPH, UNICEF and NGOs implementing partners
- Roll out of humanitarian clusters approach in health, nutrition, water and sanitation, etc have set up a strong partnership / coordination to deal with humanitarian response and emerging threats
Burden of national target vaccine preventable diseases reduced. / 1. 0 polio status
2. Measles Mortality reduction by 90%
3. Tetanus prevalence <1/1,000 live birth) / - Number of polio cases 31 in 2006, 17 in 2007 and 31 in 2008.
- Coverage of polio vaccine increased from 89% to 95% through four national immunization rounds per year;
- No recent data available on Measles Mortality
- Neonatal Tetanus (NT) is likely to have been eliminated in 151 districts which have 53% of country’s population[1]; and that Afghanistan could claim NT elimination validation in 2010; after implementing supplemental immunization campaigns recommended by the review.
More women utilize facility based reproductive health / maternal and child health services. / 1. Percentage pregnant women who have received TT 2
2. Percentage of women receiving vitamin A supplements within 42 days of delivery after the last birth
3. Percentage of families who are aware of danger signs of pregnancy, childbirth and post partum period
4. Percentage of pregnant women having more than 4 ante-natal care contacts Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) / - Antenatal care coverage increased from 5%[2] to 16% and delivery by skilled birth attendants from 6%[3] to 14% (SOWC 2009).
- 71.4% of the 82 health facilities providing Comprehensive EmNOC services.
- More than 70% increase in the consumption of iodized salt at household level in all 34 provinces through production of quality iodized salt, social mobilization, improved surveillance and endorsement of Presidential Decree on Universal Salt Iodization.
25% increase of health facilities (HF) equipped with well maintained water and sanitation facilities, with a clean environment and providing information and learning services for preventive health and hygiene education. / 1. Percentage of health facilities with access to water.
Percentage of health facilities with adequate sanitation.
2. Percentage of health facilities which runs info & learning activities related to preventive health and hygiene education for women and caregivers. / - 980,000 school children and 1.3 million childcare givers gained sustainable access to safe drinking water and sanitary toilets as well as benefited from improved hygiene practices. The interventions have contributed to an overall increase of 5% access to safe water from 2006.
In emergencies, every child is covered with (CCC) life-saving interventions. / 1. Percentage of children between 6 months and 4 years of age vaccinated against measles.
2. Percentage of severely malnourished children provided with therapeutic feeding.
3. Percentage of population affected with a minimum safe drinking water supply. / - Strategic expansion from facility based to Community-Based Management of Severe and Acute Malnutrition (C-SAM)
- Disaster response through the provision of safe drinking water through water tankering and construction of high yield deep tube wells for 700,000 drought affected people in seven provinces between 2007 and 2008.
Basic Education and Gender Equality
1.8 millions girls’ enjoying child-friendly schools / 1. Number of qualified female teachers working at rural schools
2. Number of schools with well maintained latrines facilities.
3. Number of schools with well maintained water facilities
4. Percentage of girls enrolled in school. / - The net enrolment in primary education stands at 53 % for urban children whereas it is only 6% for Nomad children[4].
- Total 4.77 million children with 1.78 million girls were enrolled in primary grades (1-6) and over 339,672 girls enrolled only in grade one.
- 13,285 female teachers are now working in schools at rural areas,
- 25,435 female teachers have been trained during 2006-2008 covering both urban and rural areas. / - Increased attacks and threats on schools especially on girls’ schools, teachers and students by Anti Government Elements
- Shortage of qualified female teachers is preventing families from sending girls to school
- Lack of technical expertise remains a major constraint in curriculum and textbooks development as well as development of assessment tools for learning achievements.
50% girls’ completed grade three attained acceptable level of basic competencies / Percentage girls retain at school. / -Over 70.76% girls attained pass marks in grade-3 qualifying examination.
-212,896 girls (50.69% of those who enrolled in schools in 2003) reached in grade 6 in 2008
375,000 illiterate women attend learning centres and enjoy teaching learning process. / Number of women who have completed literacy course. / -145,182 women completed a 9-month literacy course.
-Additional 110,123 new illiterate women (58,192 women in literacy course exclusively supported by UNICEF, and 51,931 women in literacy course under joint literacy programme supported by UN including UNICEF) enrolled in literacy course in 2008.
Children have access to education during emergencies. / 1. Percentage of children affected by the emergency, with access to safe learning/play spaces (disaggregated by gender and age-group)
2. Percentage of affected schools reopened, replaced or made operational with trained teachers and adequate supplies / -Construction of 3,370 cost effective classrooms and furniture provided improved learning environment to 269,600 students. Access increased for 160,809 children in remote areas through the provision of community based schools.
- 161 out of 651 closed schools (25% are reopened and operational with teaching-learning materials and necessary supply items)
HIV / AIDS and Children
Low HIV prevalence rate in general population is maintained. / 1. HIV prevalence rate among blood donors.
2. HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women. / - HIV/AIDS Communication Strategy developed / disseminated.
- 23 youth facilitators trained, 3 functional voluntary confidential counseling and testing facilities and helpline services maintained.
- Capacity of MoPH to address threat of HIV/AIDS was enhanced through support for drafting strategic framework for PMTCT. / No update data on HIV prevalence rate
Child Protection: Preventing and Responding to Violence, Exploitation and Abuse
Child Labour and child trafficking reduced. / 1. Number of child right’s violations cases reported.
2. Percentage of children aged 5-14 involved in child labour
2. Number of children in detention / 100,000 children under 18 years.
3. Percentage of births that are registered within the first 30 days after birth. / - Functional Child Protection Action Network (CPAN) was expanded from 11 in 2007 to 23 provinces in 2008; and these CPANs resolved 1,500 child protection cases in 2008.
- 575 children (under 18 years) are in Juvenile Rehabilitation Centres in 30 provinces as of December 2008.
- No recent data available to measure progress on child labour.
- Juvenile justice situation analysis was undertaken in 2007.
- Legal aid for children initiated benefiting over 1,300 children in 2008, compared to zero specialized legal aid service for children in 2006. / The understanding of child rights and protection principles is still poor, which often puts children in vulnerable situations and makes those who are affected by harsh conditions such as disasters, diseases and violence even more prone to victimization and stigmatization. Frequent conflict, particularly in Southern and South Eastern region poses ongoing threats to children and limits access for humanitarian intervention.
Harmful traditional attitudes and practices that violate child rights reduced. / 1. Proportion of women 20-24 who were married or in union before they were 18.
2. Number of courts that use child-friendly and gender appropriate investigation and court procedures. / - No recent data available to measure the progress on the women 20-24 who were married or in union before they were 18.
- Inter-ministerial agreement (Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Disabled and Martyrs and Attorney General's Office) signed to formalize the role of social workers in administration of juvenile justice and the assessment of children coming into conflict with the law by social workers namely 'Social Inquiry Report' was officially introduced to the justice sector.
Child protection response to emergencies and unstable situation provided. / Proportion of separated children in emergencies reunified or placed in alternative care arrangements / - Some progress made in monitoring and reporting on grave child rights violations in armed conflict (Security Council Resolution 1612) through establishment of the Country Taskforce for Monitoring, Reporting and Response Mechanism. The development of Regional Taskforces are under progress.
Policy Analysis, Advocacy and Partnerships for Children’s Rights
Reliable and of up-to-date disaggregated data, information and knowledge on the situation of children and women available and analyzed (vulnerability) mapping. / 1. Government establishes DevInfo to monitor MDGs and other national targets. Yes/No.
2. Government is able to timely report and CRC and CEDAW. Yes/No / - Establishment of the first Afghan socioeconomic database based on DevInfo technology provided partners and stakeholders with access to a centralized repository of national level data to enable monitoring against MDGs and national priorities as outlined in the ANDS.
- The process of developing the country’s first report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child has started in March 2008. Regional consultations including direct consultations with children took place in 2008. The draft report is being prepared and is expected to be finalized by May 2009. / Lack of routine and reliable data.
Policy dialogue, advocacy and leveraging of resources for children increased. / 1. Number of partnerships generating increased investments for children (beyond UNICEF).
2. Percentage of government budget allocated to basic social services (children and women).
3. Number of forum for dialogue among governments, civil society organizations, children and young people on (a) national legislation, (b) CRC and CEDAW reporting (c) national policies (d) MDG progress and (e) development assistance. / - The preparation process of Afghanistan initial report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child has started in March 2008. To date, several committees including Steering Committee, Drafting Committee and seven Thematic Groups have been set up and undertaking desk reviews and number of consultations. / A lack of strong and effective coalition of child rights advocates on national and local levels, affects coordination of advocacy for development of child friendly laws and regulations.

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[1] WHO-UNICEF expert review

[2] MICS 2003

[3] MICS 2003

[4] NRVA (2005, p. 14)