Block IV Pharmacology Pre-Quiz

I. Vaccines

Circle all live attenuated vaccines.

Influenza / Hepatitis B / Varicella / Meningococcus / Smallpox
Yellow Fever / Typhoid / BCG (Bacile-Calmette-Guerin) / Hepatitis A / Polio (IPV)
DTaP/Tdap / MMR / Pneumococcal / Herpes Zoster / Haemophilus (Hib)

Mnemonic:______

II. Immunomodulators

Match each mechanism with the appropriate immunomodulator

  1. ___Alkylates DNA leading to nucleotide mispairingand DNA cross-linkage
  2. ___Mercaptopurine derivative that inhibits purine synthesis in T- and B-Cells
  3. ___Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; Leads to inhibition of purine synthesis
  4. ___Forms complex withcyclophilin receptor; Leads to inhibition of calcineurin/NFATand ↓IL-2
  5. ___Forms complex with FKBP-12;Leads to inhibition of calcineurin/NFAT and ↓IL-2
  6. ___ Forms complex with FKBP-12 and mTOR; Suppresses downstream kinase to counteract IL-2
  7. ___Binds Steroid Receptor; Downregulates cytokines leading to ↓circulating lymphocytes
  8. ___Anti-T-lymphocyte antibody; Risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS)
  9. ___Anti-CD3antibodythat disables T-Cells; Risk of CRS
  10. ___, ___Anti-IL-2 Receptor antibody that prevents clonal proliferation of T-Cells; Risk of CRS
  11. ___Blocks IL-1 Receptor leading to ↓inflammatory response; Used for rheumatoid arthritis
  12. ___, ___, ___ Inhibits TNFα; Used for Crohns, RA, and colitis; Increased risk of Tuberculosis
  13. ___Anti-CD20 (B-Cell) antibody; Used for treatment of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
  14. ___Anti-CD52 (B-Cell, T-Cell, Monocyte, Macrophage) antibody; Used for treatment of CLL
  15. ___Blocks recognition of fetal RhoD by maternal immune system
  16. ___Binds interferon receptor; Antiviral and antiproliferative effects; Treats hepatitis B
  17. ___Binds IFN receptor; Treatment of multiple sclerosis multiple sclerosis
  18. ___ Binds IFN receptor; Treatment of chronic granulomatous disease

III. Antivirals I

  1. ___Prevents uncoating of influenza virus; Must be administered within 48h
  2. ___Neuraminidase inhibitor that interferes with influenza envelope assembly
  3. ___Acyclic purine nucleoside that causes HSV chain termination; Treats herpes encephalitis
  4. ___Treatment of resistant herpes viruses
  5. ___L-valyl ester of acyclovir that reaches 4x higher serum levels; Treats mucocutaneous HSV
  6. ___Treatment of CMV in immunocompromised patients
  7. ___Inhibits all three functions of Hepatitis B DNA pol (priming, reverse transcription, synthesis)
  8. ___Inhibits Hepatitis B DNA pol and HIV reverse transcriptase

Block IV Pharm – POST-QUIZ

IV. HIV –Antiretrovirals

  1. ___Binds CCR5 chemokine co-receptor (Blocks attachment of viral gp120)
  2. ___Prevents viral fusion by interfering with viral gp41
  3. ___Guanosine analog that results in reverse transcriptase chain termination
  4. ___Adenosine analog that results in reverse transcriptase chain termination
  5. ___Non-nucleotide RT inhibitor; First drug to become HIV resistant (K103N mutation)
  6. ___Non-nucleotide RT inhibitor effective against K103N variety
  7. ___Integrase inhibitor (Prevents insertion of HIV genome into Host DNA
  8. ___Inhibits processing of Gag-Pol polyproteins (produces non-infectious virus)
  9. ___ Most potent P450 inhibitor available; Boosts levels of other protease inhibitors

V. Antiarrhythmics

  1. ___Blocks open Na+ channels leading to phase 0 delay; Prolongs AP and QT-interval
  2. ___Inhibits phase 4 and 0 in SA & AV nodes; DOC for post-MI heart failure; Avoid in asthmatics
  3. ___Prolongs ARP; Associated with pulmonary fibrosis; Low incidence oftorsades de pointes
  4. ___, ___ Class III drugs associated with torsades de pointes
  5. ___ Severe cardiosuppressive side effect; Treats Re-entrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
  6. ___Sign of toxicity includes visual blurring

VI. Lipid-Lowering Agents

  1. ___, ___Drug of choice for lowering LDL; Inibits HMG-CoA Reductase; SE of rhabdomyolysis
  2. ___, ___Positively charged resins not absorbed by intestine; Exchanges anions for bile acids
  3. ___ Inhibits absorption of cholesterol at the brush border
  4. ___Causes ↓LDL, ↓TG, and ↑HDL; Associated with cutaneous flushing
  5. ___, ___ Stimulateslipoprotein lipase (LPL) leading to hydrolysis of TGs to hydrolyze TGs
  6. ___ Inhibits TG synthesis and augments chylomicron TG clearance; Fishy taste

VII. Renal Pharm

  1. ___ Inhibits carbonic anhydrase in PCT; Treats acute mountain sickness and salicylate poisoning
  2. ___Inhibits NaK2Cl in Loop of Henle; Side effect of hypocalcemia and hearing loss
  3. ___Inhibits NaClcotransporter in DCT; First line therapy for hypertension; SE of hyponatremia
  4. ___K+-sparing diuretic that inhibits ENaC (Blocks Na+ reabsorption) SE of hyperkalemia
  5. ___K+-sparing diuretic that blocks mineralocorticoid receptor; SE of hyperkalemia, gynecomastia
  6. ___Osmotic diuretic that is not reabsorbed in the tubule; Used for reduction of ICP
  7. ___Vasopressin (ADH) analog used for treatment of central diabetes insipidus
  8. ___, ___ADH antagonist used for treatment of SIADH

Extra Practice (Not reviewed)

VIII. Antihypertensives

  1. ___Treatment for hypotension that binds D1 Receptors at low dose (dilates renal vessels), β1receptors at mid dose (tachycardia), and α1receptors at high dose (vasoconstriction)
  2. ___α2-agonist for treatment of hypertension; SE of rebound HTN with abrupt withdrawal
  3. ___α2-agonist used for hypertension in pregnancy
  4. ___α1, α2-blocker for pre-opmanagement of pheochromocytoma
  5. ___α1 blocker for HTN, also relaxes prostatic capsule for BPH
  6. ___β1,2 blocker for HTN and angina; contraindicated in asthma and COPD
  7. ___Inhibits Renin and reduces plasma renin activity
  8. ___First line for hypertension in diabetics; Inhibits conversion of Ang-I →Ang-II; SE of dry cough
  9. ___Ang-II Receptor Blocker (ARB) used for HTN; Second line after ACE-I
  10. ___, ___Endothelin receptor blocker used for treatment of pulmonary hypertension
  11. ___Binds atrial natriuretic peptide receptors to ↑cGMP in blood vessels (vasodilation)
  12. ___, ___Ca2+-channel blocker with potent cardiosuppressive effect
  13. ___Dilates arterioles via opening K-sensitive channels; SE ofhypertrichosis and Gynecomastia
  14. ___Treatment for angina; Leads to ↑cGMP and vasodilation; Do not administer with sildenafil
  15. ___Nitrate for treatment of hypertensive crisis; SE of cyanide toxicity