Name ______Date ______
Earth’s Changing Surface
Question / Answer / Round 1 / Round 2 / Round 3What is the difference between chemical and mechanical weathering? / Mechanical- break down of rock physically
Chemical- break down of rock chemically / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
Which type of weathering changes a rock’s mineral composition? / Chemical weathering / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What are the four causes of chemical weathering? / Actions of acids, oxygen
carbon dioxide and water / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
Which element causes iron in rock to become soft, crumbly and reddish-brown in color? / Oxygen / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What are the five causes of mechanical weathering? / Temperature changes, ice wedging, abrasion, plant growth, and animal activities / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
Which type of mechanical weathering occurs when rock particles scrape against other rocks, wearing them down? / Abrasion / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is ice wedging? / Freezing and thawing of water causing the breakdown of rock / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What factors affect the rate of weathering? / Rock Type and Climate / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
Which type of climate causes weathering to take place quickly? / Hot and wet / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is erosion? / The movement of sediment from one location to another / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is the process in which sediment is laid down in a new location? / Deposition / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What are 4 factors that cause erosion? / 1. Gravity
2. Water
3. Ice
4. Wind / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What causes mass movement? / Gravity
-Cause landslides/avalanches / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What does the term“relative age of a rock” mean? / The age of rock compared to the ages of the other rocks around it / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What does the Law of Superposition state? / In horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, the bottom layer is the oldest / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is a fault? / A break in the Earth’s crust; always younger than the rock it cuts through / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is the difference between an intrusion and extrusion of igneous rock? / Intrusion (magma) younger than surrounding rock; Extrusion (lava) younger than rock it solidifies on / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is an unconformity? / Rock layers are lost because of erosion; causes a gap in the geological record / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is an index fossil? / Fossils of organisms that existed briefly; help geologist match rock layers / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is the geological time scale? / Record of the life forms and geological events in Earth’s history / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is a topographic map? / Provides information on the elevation, relief and slope of the ground surface / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What are contour lines? / Lines that connect points of equal elevation / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
What is a contour interval? / The change in elevation from contour line to contour line / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
If the contour lines form a closed loop, what does that represent? / Top of a hill / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
How are gentle and steep slopes represented on a topographic map? / Gentle- contour lines spread apart
Steep- contour lines close together / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0 / 2 1 0
Total
TOTAL
Be able to:
Identify and explain different types of mechanical and chemically weathering
Demonstrate an understanding of the relative ages of rocks when given a diagram
- Identify the type of rock that can contain fossils and explain why