Name ______Period______Teacher______

THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS

I. SKELETAL SYSTEM

A. Five major functions

1. Gives ______and ______to the body

2. Protects internal ______organs such as brain

3. Major muscles attach to bones to help provide ______.

4. ______cells are formed in the bone marrow

5. Stores ______and phosphorous which makes bones hard

B. Major organs

1. ______-tough tight fitting membrane that covers the bone

2. Compact bone-gives the body ______

3. ______bone-open spaces that make bones lightweight (marrow)

4. ______-smooth thick flexible tissue that covers end of bone

II. MUSCULAR SYSTEM

A. Major Function-Provides ______

B. Two types muscles- ______are muscles you control

______are muscles you can not control

Three types of muscles tissue- ______-found in heart

______-found in stomach & blood vessels

______-found in muscles attached to bone

III. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

A. Function-to break down food into form the cells can use for ______

B. Flow of food through the digestive system is: ______to

esophagus to ______to ______intestine to ______intestine

Parts of digestive system food does not enter: Liver, gall bladder and

______<release enzymes (can openers) to help food break down>

IV. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

A. Function-to carry ______to all the body parts, carry ______

away, fight infections and help wounds ______

B. Parts of the circulatory system

·  ______carry blood away from the heart

·  ______connect the arteries to veins and allow nutrients and oxygen to diffuse

into the cells

·  ______carry blood back to the heart

·  ______are the upper chambers of the heart (collecting chambers)

·  ______are the lower chambers of the heart (pumping chambers)

·  ______blood cells-carry oxygen or carbon dioxide

·  ______clots blood

·  ______blood cells-fight infections (war machines)

·  ______carries nutrients

V. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

A. Function-______the blood and produces ______blood cells called lymphocytes

B. Parts of the system are the ______nodes, tonsils, thymus & ______

VI. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A. Function-takes in ______and gets rid of the waste ______

B. Parts of the system include the pharynx, larynx, ______, bronchi,

lungs, and alveoli

VII. EXCRETORY SYSTEM

A. Function-to get rid of ______and toxins that could damage the

other systems and to regulate the fluid levels in the body. Example

is kidneys filtering blood and sending to bladder expelled from body

B. Parts of the system are ______, skin, lungs, liver, & large intestine

VIII. NERVOUS SYSTEM

A. Function-controlling and coordinating the body

B. Parts of the system:

a. Central nervous system-made up of the brain and ______cord

·  The brain is made up of the ______(where thinking takes place and the largest part of brain), the ______(which coordinates your muscles and balance and located at back lower part of brain), and the brain ______(that connects the brain to the spinal cord. The medulla is part of the stem and controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting.)

·  Spinal cord-carries ______from body to brain and brain to body

b. Peripheral nervous system-connects the ______and spinal cord to body.

IX. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (SKIN)

A. Function-______, sensory response, makes vitamin D, regulates body temperature, and rids body of ______.

B. Three layers of tissue

a. ______-outer layer containing melanin giving skin color

b. Dermis-layer of cells below epidermis containing vessels, nerves, muscles, oil and

sweat glands

c. Fatty layer-insulates the body

X. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

A. Produces ______that regulate body changes

B. Parts of the system

Thyroid gland- controls rate food is changed into energy

Pituitary gland- controls other glands and body growth

Pineal gland- produces melatonin (hormone for waking and sleeping

Parathyroid gland- controls the amount of calcium in blood

Adrenal gland- produces hormone for when you are excited, angry or frightened

Thymus- helps the body's immune system

Ovaries- produces female characteristics

Pancreas- controls the body's use of glucose

Testes- Produces testosterone which controls male sexual traits