Table S1climate, Soil and Stand Characteristics of the Three Study Sites. Climatic Data

Table S1Climate, soil and stand characteristics of the three study sites. Climatic data are averaged values for the period 1991–2009. Soil characteristics are presented for the two soil layers (0-10 vs. 10-20 cm). Numbers are averaged values (n=12 soil cores) at the site level, followed by standard errors. Different letters indicate significant differences among sites (P<0.05) using post hoc Tukey tests.

Site / Vic la Gardiole / Puechabon / Les Mages
Site features
Location / 43°29'N; 3°45'E / 43°44'N; 3°35'E / 44°13'N;4°8'E
Elevation(m) / 170 / 270 / 360
Annual rainfall (mm) / 650 / 908 / 1150
Mean annual temperature (C°) / 14.5 / 13.4 / 12
Bedrock / Jurassic Limestone
Soil characteristics
Coarse fragment (%) / 0-10
10-20 / 70
75 / 60
70 / 40
50
USDA texture class / 0-10
10-20 / Silty Clay
Clay / Clay
Clay / Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay (%) / 0-10
10-20 / 55.9±0.7a
55.5±1.4a / 51.7±0.4a
48.7±0.5a / 30.3±0.2b
32.6±0.2b
Sand (%) / 0-10
10-20 / 8.8±0.7a
12.4±0.7a / 20.6±0.8b
25.5±0.8b / 29.9±0.08c
29.6±0.08c
N total (g/kg) / 0-10
10-20 / 4.1±0.22a
2.99±0.31a / 3.32±0.05a
2.49±0.11a / 1.63±0.03a
1.01±0.03a
C/N / 0-10
10-20 / 14.7±0.21a
14.9±0.36a / 16.27±0.18b
16.55±0.21b / 20.52±0.4c
18.62±0.43c
P total (g/kg) / 0-10
10-20 / 0.014±0.001a
0.012±0.001a / 0.013±0.001a
0.009±0.001a / 0.015±0.001a
0.010±0.0004a
Tree and stand features
Mean tree age (year) / 64 / 68 / 82
Mean tree height (m) / 3.15 / 4.15 / 5.8
Basal area (m² ha-1) / 24 / 34 / 51
Number of stem per hectare / 8578 / 7549 / 5111

Table S2Abundance (number of ECM tips) of the 95 ECM operational taxonomic units (OTUs) found at Vic la Gardiole (V), Puechabon (P) and Les Mages(LM) study sites. Exploration type discriminates among contact, short distance (SD), medium distance (MD) and long distance (LD) mycelial morphologies sensu Agerer (2001). Identification of OTUsby ITS sequence includes accession number, closest species as found by BLAST, BLAST expected value of the most informative sequence and the length of sequence match.

OTU / V / P / LM / Exploration type / GenBank accession number / Closest GenBank species / BLAST expected value‡ / Coverage
Cadophora # / 1 / contact / JF506855 / GU212388.1 / 0.0E+00 / 619/645
Cantharellale #1 / 1 / contact / JF506742 / GQ850444.1 / 0.0E+00 / 581/709
Cantharellus #1 / 1 / contact / JF506743 / GQ850394.1 / 0.0E+00 / 583/747
Cenococcum geophilum / 1 / 1 / 12 / MD / JF506744 / DQ474368.1 / 0.0E+00 / 530/546
Clavulina Cinerea / 2 / 4 / contact / JF506745 / EU862209.1 / 0.0E+00 / 708/722
Clavulina #1 / 2 / 6 / 2 / contact / JF506746 / HQ204634.1 / 0.0E+00 / 686/700
Cortinarius #1 / 2 / SD / JF506747 / FM992919.1 / 0.0E+00 / 653/702
Cortinarius #2 / 1 / contact / JF506748 / EU819467.1 / 1E-144 / 665/700
Cortinarius #3 / 2 / SD / JF506749 / HQ604679.1 / 0.0E+00 / 669/704
Cortinarius #4 / 3 / contact / JF506750 / HQ604678.1 / 0.0E+00 / 675/682
Cortinarius #5 / 1 / MD / JF506751 / FJ897180.1 / 7E-148 / 461/536
Cortinarius #6 / 1 / SD / JF506752 / GU234113.1 / 0.0E+00 / 524/535
Craterellus Cornucopioides / 8 / contact / JF506753 / GU590932.1 / 0.0E+00 / 745/877
Elaphomyces #1 / 1 / contact / JF506754 / FM992922.1 / 0.0E+00 / 620/653
Entoloma #1 / 1 / SD / JF506755 / GQ397994.1 / 0.0E+00 / 890/967
Hebeloma cf sinapizans / 1 / SD / JF506756 / AY320380.1 / 0.0E+00 / 657/699
Hebeloma #1 / 1 / SD / JF506758 / FJ803967.1 / 9E-163 / 684/705
Helvella #1 / 2 / contact / JF506761 / EU024885.1 / 0.0E+00 / 741/781
Humaria hemisphaerica / 1 / 2 / SD / JF506762 / EU024885.1 / 0.0E+00 / 662/676
Hygrophorus eburneus / 2 / contact / JF506763 / FJ196924.1 / 9E-163 / 558/587
Hygrophorus russula / 6 / 7 / contact / JF506764 / EF395376.1 / 0.0E+00 / 462/563
Hymenogaster #1 / 1 / contact / JF506765 / AF325636.1 / 0.0E+00 / 662/712
Inocybe griseolilacina / 1 / 3 / 2 / contact / JF506766 / AM882728.2 / 0.0E+00 / 725/740
Inocybe #1 / 3 / contact / JF506767 / HQ604727.1 / 0.0E+00 / 587/611
Inocybe #2 / 1 / MD / JF506768 / HQ204640.1 / 0.0E+00 / 577/614
Inocybe #3 / 1 / SD / JF506769 / AY669679.1 / 0.0E+00 / 580/611
Inocybe #4 / 4 / contact / JF506770 / EU498736.1 / 1E-124 / 428/679
Inocybe #5 / 1 / contact / JF506771 / AY825515.1 / 8E-142 / 660/695
Inocybe #6 / 1 / contact / JF506772 / HQ204680.1 / 3E-115 / 470/495
Inocybe #7 / 1 / contact / JF506773 / EU821655.1 / 4E-85 / 336/671
Inocybe #8 / 1 / MD / JF506774 / HM370474.1 / 0.0E+00 / 696/710
Lactarius cf acerrimus / 4 / contact / JF506775 / AJ889958.1 / 0.0E+00 / 560/596
OTU / V / P / LM / Exploration type / GenBank accession number / Closest GenBank #ecies / BLAST expected value‡ / Coverage
Lactarius #1 / 5 / contact / JF506776 / AJ278139.1 / 0.0E+00 / 664/763
Lactarius #2 / 1 / 1 / contact / JF506777 / HQ204689.1 / 0.0E+00 / 635/738
Lactarius vellereus / 43 / LD / JF506778 / AY606958.1 / 0.0E+00 / 710/740
Leccinum lepidum / 1 / SD / JF506779 / HQ204690.1 / 0.0E+00 / 486/546
Russula cf delica / 2 / contact / JF506782 / AF418604.1 / 0.0E+00 / 515/579
Russula cf foetens / 6 / contact / JF506783 / AY351624.1 / 0.0E+00 / 583/583
Russula cf fragilis / 1 / contact / JF506784 / AB587766.1 / 2E-68 / 511/574
Russula cf maculata / 10 / 1 / contact / JF506786 / GU234031.1 / 5E-173 / 482/482
Russula cf violacea / 1 / contact / JF506787 / AY061725.1 / 0.0E+00 / 462/577
Russula olivacea / 11 / SD / JF506788 / EU284012.1 / 1E-150 / 361/523
Russula cf olivaceineae / 7 / 3 / contact / JF506789 / DQ777988.1 / 9E-142 / 356/584
Russula #1 / 1 / contact / JF506790 / AY351624.1 / 4E-71 / 423/564
Russula #2 / 1 / contact / JF506791 / FJ210752.1 / 2E-104 / 418/572
Russula #3 / 6 / contact / JF506792 / GU234031.1 / 1E-85 / 471/574
Russula #4 / 1 / contact / JF506793 / EU248593.1 / 3E-171 / 518/581
Russula #5 / 2 / 6 / contact / JF506794 / GU998132.1 / 0.0E+00 / 480/578
Russula #6 / 7 / contact / JF506795 / FN565340.1 / 4E-170 / 431/582
Russula #7 / 6 / 1 / SD / JF506796 / GU134506.1 / 3E-171 / 524/582
Russula #8 / 1 / contact / JF506797 / FJ210751.1 / 0.0E+00 / 481/580
Russula #9 / 1 / contact / JF506798 / DQ974759.1 / 0.0E+00 / 510/580
Russula #10 / 1 / 1 / 8 / contact / JF506799 / FJ946984.1 / 2E-167 / 358/577
Russula #11 / 4 / contact / JF506800 / HQ204708.1 / 0.0E+00 / 509/578
Russula #12 / 1 / contact / JF506801 / EU248593.1 / 0.0E+00 / 514/571
Russulaceae #1 / 1 / contact / JF506802 / DQ061923.1 / 1E-84 / 218/341
Sebacina #1 / 2 / contact / JF506803 / EF218816.1 / 0.0E+00 / 566/566
Sebacina #2 / 1 / contact / JF506804 / EU668259.1 / 0.0E+00 / 559/570
Sebacina #3 / 2 / contact / JF506805 / AF440652.1 / 0.0E+00 / 588/588
Sebacina #4 / 1 / contact / JF506806 / FN669251.1 / 0.0E+00 / 569/587
Sebacina #5 / 1 / contact / JF506808 / AF440650.1 / 0.0E+00 / 587/587
Sebacina #6 / 2 / SD / JF506809 / EU668224.1 / 0.0E+00 / 574/586
Sebacina #7 / 1 / contact / JF506810 / AY296259.1 / 0.0E+00 / 550/573
Sebacina #8 / 1 / contact / JF506811 / HQ271374.1 / 0.0E+00 / 574/586
Sebacina #9 / 2 / 1 / contact / JF506813 / AJ879657.1 / 0.0E+00 / 588/588
Thelephora #1 / 1 / SD / JF506814 / FN669257.1 / 0.0E+00 / 649/764
Tomentella cf badia / 1 / 1 / contact / JF506816 / HQ204739.1 / 0.0E+00 / 637/657
Tomentella cf bryophila / 1 / contact / JF506817 / DQ150115.1 / 0.0E+00 / 638/686
Tomentella #1 / 1 / contact / JF506818 / AJ893335.1 / 0.0E+00 / 629/684
OTU / V / P / LM / Exploration type / GenBank accession number / Closest GenBank species / BLAST expected value‡ / Coverage
Tomentella #2 / 1 / SD / JF506819 / AJ893308.1 / 0.0E+00 / 623/751
Tomentella #3 / 1 / MD / JF506820 / EU668212.1 / 0.0E+00 / 663/691
Tomentella #4 / 1 / 1 / MD / JF506821 / EF411113.1 / 0.0E+00 / 654/689
Tomentella #5 / 3 / contact / JF506822 / FJ897235.1 / 0.0E+00 / 634/682
Tomentella #6 / 3 / contact / JF506823 / EU668943.1 / 0.0E+00 / 662/683
Tomentella #7 / 2 / 1 / contact / JF506824 / AJ893310.1 / 0.0E+00 / 572/681
Tomentella #8 / 1 / MD / JF506825 / EF218826.1 / 0.0E+00 / 655/655
Tomentella #9 / 2 / SD / JF506826 / EF218835.1 / 0.0E+00 / 662/676
Tomentella #10 / 4 / 1 / MD / JF506827 / EU668208.1 / 0.0E+00 / 635/676
Tomentella #11 / 1 / MD / JF506828 / AJ893327.1 / 0.0E+00 / 620/756
Tomentella #12 / 1 / contact / JF506830 / HQ204473.1 / 0.0E+00 / 597/622
Tomentella #13 / 1 / contact / JF506831 / EF644152.1 / 0.0E+00 / 639/680
Tomentella #14 / 2 / MD / JF506833 / FN687659.1 / 0.0E+00 / 733/733
Tricholoma #1 / 1 / SD / JF506835 / EU160589.1 / 2E-109 / 551/706
Trichophaea woolhopeia / 3 / MD / JF506836 / HQ204750.1 / 0.0E+00 / 543/548
Tuber borchii / 1 / 2 / MD / JF506837 / EU753267.1 / 0.0E+00 / 554/577
Tuber nitidum / 1 / contact / JF506838 / FM205636.1 / 0.0E+00 / 618/657
Unknown Ascomycota #1 / 2 / 1 / 2 / SD / JF506841 / FJ897248.1 / 0.0E+00 / 463/487
Unknown Ascomycota #2 / 1 / contact / JF506842 / HQ204696.1 / 0.0E+00 / 199/486
Unknown Ascomycota #3 / 1 / SD / JF506843 / GU256220.1 / 8E-72 / 240/479
Unknown Ascomycota #4 / 1 / contact / JF506845 / EF559301.1 / 0.0E+00 / 286/485
Unknown Pezizale #1 / 1 / contact / JF506847 / HQ204696.1 / 0.0E+00 / 584/687
Unknown Pezizale #2 / 1 / contact / JF506850 / DQ182427.1 / 0.0E+00 / 522/746
Unknown Russulaceae / 1 / 2 / contact / JF506851 / DQ061923.1 / 1E-48 / 211/341
Unknown Russulale / 1 / contact / JF506852 / HQ204656.1 / 5E-75 / 332/572
Unknown Thelephoraceae / 1 / SD / JF506854 / EU668207.1 / 0.0E+00 / 225/450

‡BLAST expected value represents the number of sequence matches expected by random chance (the smaller the value, the better the matchto the reported NCBI database sequence).