Penn Bowl 2007: Escape From Lord Weary’s Castle
Editors Packet 4 of 4
Tossups by Matt Weiner, Eric Kwartler, and Noah Rahman
1. Recent research has examined a possible way to avoid the common problem of ‘blinking’ via stabilizing them with thiol ligands. Cadmium selenide ones have been found to efficiently produce white light via electrical stimulation, and the core-shell type are sometimes found as occlusions due to thickness variations in quantum wells. Differing from the former only in the number of dimensions which electrons are forbidden to move in, the characteristic fluorescence depends on their band gap energy, which varies inversely with the square of their size. For 10 points, name these nanostructures often tipped as possible vehicles for qubit implementation in quantum computing.
ANSWER: quantum dots
2. He ordered an electric chair for his kingdom and then proceeded to use it as a throne when informed that it needed electrical power. Locked up by Tewodros II upon the eve of his ascension to the Shewan throne, he escaped several years later, married a prominent noblewoman from Gonder known as Taytu Betul, and claimed dominion of his home territory. Passed over again for the national throne by Yohannes IV, he assumed it in 1889 upon the former’s death battling Sudanese dervishes. After taking exception to the treaty of Wuchalle and defeating the Italians at Adowa in 1896, he ensured Ethiopia’s independence until the 1930s. For 10 points, name this 19th century Ethiopian leader.
ANSWER: Menelik II
3. One program of this type was advocated by Jewish Egyptian Caleb Gattegno, who advocated mediators such as colors in foreign languages and Cuisenaire rods in mathematics. ‘Scaffolding’ is the term sometimes applied to the approach to it advocated by the Zone of Proximal development of Lev Vygotsky. During the 1970’s radical and social forms of the school splintered over the specific methodologies through which a student could be guided from one cognitive stage to the next. Advocated by luminaries such as John Dewey and Jean Piaget --for 10 points-- what is this learning by doing educational paradigm, whose name is shared by the artistic school of Kaspar Malevich.
ANSWER: Constructivism
4. One of the amendments discussed here called for succeeding Presidents to be from different states, while another would have annulled the Three-Fifths compromise. The official records attach no names to proposals or votes, but the doctrine of nullification was endorsed with regard to the hated Embargo Act of 1807. Its three commissioners sent to Washington to give terms were humiliated when news of the Treaty of Ghent beat them there. Famously satirized in a William Charles engraving of George III imploring the New England states to leap into his arms, this is for 10 points what secessionist convention suggested by Harrison Gray Otis that took place around the turn of 1815 in Connecticut?
ANSWER: Hartford Convention
5. Theories for its formation tend to explain it by invoking the lack of plate tectonics on Mars and rifting caused by the uplift of neighboring Tharsis, although whether water or carbon dioxide decompression possible caused by the Oudermans crater was the primary erosion mechanism is highly debated. Surveys indicate that it formed over former seafloor crust, and the Noctis Labyrinthus’ jumbled terrain provides some of the best evidence for flooding. Melas Chasma is the deepest part of, for 10 points, what several kilometer deep valley along the Martian equator that dwarfs the Grand Canyon
ANSWER: Valles Marineris
6. Notable 20th century examples of these compositions include Henri Dutilleux’s Tout un Monde Lointain and one by Samuel Barber written for the virtuoso Raya Garbousova. Friedrich Grutzmacher notably altered Boccherini’s ninth one, while the final movement of Shostakovich’s first features a prominent timpani. Vivaldi’s RV 531 is a double one, and Jacques Offenbach wrote a “military” one. Yuri Leonovich completed Tchaikovsky’s only one last year, while Elgar’s one in E minor was one of his final compositions, but the best-known one is probably Dvorak’s no. 2 in B minor. FTP name this type of virtuoso piece for an instrument notably played by Pablo Casals and Yo-Yo Ma.
ANSWER: Cello Concerto or Cello Concerti etc
7. One of his works centers around a man who is reformed by the Quaker William Walters after trekking through Africa, and in another, the title character fights for France against his own people after abandoning his Virginia plantation. In addition to Colonel Jacques, he wrote about the licentious mistress of an unnamed landlord then an unnamed Prince in Roxana, while a better-known protagonist, alternately known as Mistress Betty, marries Humphry and Jemmy E after being raised among Gypsies. The author of A Journal of the Plague Year, this is, FTP, what author of Moll Flanders, best-known for a novel about a stranded man and his companion Friday, Robinson Crusoe.
ANSWER: Daniel Defoe
8. One character in this work brags that he keeps his bastard son Leopold as a personal manservant. Propriety often dictates that the “hunt monologue” in Act One be cut from this work, the overture to which represents torrid sexual intercourse. Another character is responsible for the waltz “The Luck of the Lerchenaus,” which plays after he breaks things off with the daughter of the Marschallin, having discovered that the title character is also Mariandel. The title character stutters in the aria “Mir ist die Ehre widerfahren,” in which he presents the title object to Sophie. Ending with a famous soprano trio, this is, FTP, what opera about Octavian, aka “Quinquin,” by Richard Strauss?
ANSWER: Der Rosenkavalier or The Knight of the Rose
9. An early incarnation of this place was the Principality of Zeta, in which the abdication of Durad in favor of Archbishop Vavil led to this place being governed by a vladika until 1852. Among the tourist destinations in this place are the Sveti Stefan resort peninsula, Lake Scadar, and an island created artificially on top of the wrecked ship Merito. It is also a semi-common pilgrimage site for Christians due to its Ostreg monastery. Violent protests broke out in Podgorica over which contestant to send to the 2005 Eurovision song contest due to tensions with its then-partner, Serbia. FTP name this recently independent Balkan nation.
ANSWER: Montenegro
10. In the music video for this song the artists are occasionally featured as wooden bobble-head puppets singing and playing instruments. One of the guest artists on this song claims that she’s “Flying first class from New York to” the band’s namesake locale, while another giving honeys “eargasms” with his mellow accent. The primary singer tells us that “Curve’s the words, spin’s the verbs,” hoping that “maybe in time, baby, I can get you in my ride.” He tells “baby” that “you gotta pay to play,” and that “I like the way you work it.” FTP name this song featuring Queen Pen, Dr. Dre, and a verse in which the phrase “hey yo” is repeated 17 times, the best-known song by Blackstreet.
ANSWER: “No Diggity”
11. The title character of one of this author’s stories recalls a newspaper story about a murder-suicide after shooting a duck. The narrator of another work accidentally kills his servants when he burns his house down to escape the titular Brazilian spirit, while daughter of Basile Walter is tricked into marrying Georges Duroy in one of his novels. Rachel the Jewess kills the titular brutal Prussian soldier in “Madamoiselle Fifi,” while a Prussian general forces himself on a round prostitute in “The Ball of Fat,” but better-known is a story in which the Loisels labor for a decade to replace an ultimately fake ornament. FTP name this author, best-known for “The Necklace.”
ANSWER: Guy du Maupassant
12. The micro variety, examples of which include L4 or the Carnegie Mellon developed Mach, often handle interprocess communication by message passing or delegating to the MMU, as opposed to the monolithic type, which shares process memory. Common features usually include an API, an interrupt request or call gate ability, I/O device management and thread scheduling. Linus Torvalds famously got in an extended debate over the nature of Linux’s, and Mac OS X’s XNU is an example of, for 10 points, what operating system component that provides a layer of abstraction between programs and the hardware.
ANSWER: Kernel
13. Considerable debate exists as to whether it formally covers the selection procedures for the country’s Supreme Court. The included Charter of Rights and Freedoms contains the controversial notwithstanding clause, which was used to ignore challenges to French-language legislation, even though the province in question has never formally accepted it. This came about because of a deal cut behind premier Rene Levesque’s back, revoking the ability to opt out of federal funding. Failed attempts at amending it include the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords. For 10 points, name this successor to the British North America Act of 1867, the only UK Parliament act to be written in both English and French.
ANSWER: Canadian Constitution
14. The ritual of the four watches of the night is associated with this entity, which is the namesake of a holiday celebrated annually on December 8th. Some of the texts of the religion with which this is associated give it a name meaning “that which changes daily,” although its common name translates simply as “awakening.” A descendant of this entity was created in the 3rd century BC at Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka by Asoka, who was responsible for the first shrine near it. Found at bodhgaya, it is the oldest angiosperm in the world, belonging to the group ficus religiosa. FTP name this plant, under which Siddhartha Gautama sat to achieve enlightenment.
ANSWER: Bodhi Tree or or Bo Tree or Pipal
15. One scene in this novel centers around a discussion of the nationalization of fisheries between a public official and the secretary Toodles. Posters of scantily clad women and old copies of The Torch and The Gong line the shelves and walls of the main character’s place of business, where he often meets “the Apostle” and “the Doctor.” That character is called in by Privy Councilor Wurmt to be reprimanded by Mr. Vladimir, who suggests the action that leads to the death of Winnie’s half-wit brother Stevie, the bombing of the Greenwich observatory. Mr. Verloc fails to incite unrest in, FTP, what novel about a useless spy by Joseph Conrad?
ANSWER: The Secret Agent
16. Its normal components are known as the Eotvos effect. The Rossby number determines its relevance on a given length scale, and its namesake scaling parameter depends on the latitude at which the event in question is taking place. Its double term comes from the change of velocity in both space and time as observed from the rotating reference frame. Long-distance missiles, but not bathtubs are subject to for 10 points, what fictitious force, a product of inertia and often confused with the centrifugal force.
ANSWER: Coriolis effect
17. This philosopher’s most famous argument was modified by the “envy test” of Ronald Dworkin. One of his works uses the term “consultation hierarchies” to refer to benign non-democracies, while he outlines an “overlapping consensus” of the private sphere in his work Political Liberalism. He applied his “original position” argument to international relations in 1999’s The Law of Peoples, while his most famous work discusses the “difference principle” and “fairness principle,” and was criticized by Robert Nozick in Anarchy, State, and Utopia. FTP, name this American political philosopher who introduced the “veil of ignorance” in 1971’s A Theory of Justice.
ANSWER: John Rawls
18. The narrator of one of this author’s novels envies the passion of the rapist Harcamone while lusting after “Rocky’s girl.” The hideously ugly girl Leila has her eye put out by her shiftless husband Said in one of his works, while Divine and Seck Gorgui love the thief Adrien Baillon in Our Lady of the Flowers. The conflict between Snowball and Green Eyes is the subject of one of his plays, and Irma, the Queen, is the proprietress of the titular brothel of The Balcony, but better-known are plays about a troupe of actors of a certain race and Solange, a disgruntled servant of Madame who kills her sister Claire. FTP name this author of The Blacks and The Maids.
ANSWER: Jean Genet
19. In one of this man’s early portraits, the titular snob stares down at a red umbrella propped up against a green sofa. Still lifes by this artist include Mullet and Cabbage, the latter of which was looked down upon for its “turpitude” when first exhibited. Woman Eating Oysters and The Lamp Boy are characteristic of his candid portraiture, although his best-known portrait is a “double” depiction of himself in the mirror and/or made of ice. His middle period is characterized by a preponderance of skeletons and masks, but his best-known work shows hordes of people gathered under a banner reading “Vive La Sociale!” FTP name this artist of Entry of Christ into Brussels.
ANSWER: James Ensor
20. The title character of one of this man’s poems is the “Prince of castaways,” Flammonde, who amusingly exonerates a woman of ill-repute. His drama The Porcupine was never produced, while Van Zorn only ran for a short time. He wrote the verse novel Cavender’s House, while a woman refuses to abandon her abusive husband in his “Eros Turannos,” Many of his best-known poems were collected in Children of the Night and Dionysus in Doubt, including a poem about a man who is told to “Go to the western gate,” “Luke Havergal.” Creator of a suicidal commuter and a “child of scorn,” this is, FTP, what poet of “Miniver Cheevy” and Richard Corey?”