The Freshlets
Created in 2008 by:
· Central Organizer: The Olivia Lucas
· Unit I – III Multiple Choice coordinator: Ben Mink
· Unit IV –VI Multiple Choice coordinator:
Connor Bartley
· Unit VII – X Multiple Choice coordinator:
Roman Vasiliev
· Document Based Question coordinator: Greg Vacek
· Essay coordinator: Dhara Amin
UNITED STATES HISTORY
SECTION I
Time – 55 minutes
80 Questions
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.
1. The ideals that the colonists cherished as synonymous with American life included reverence for all of the following except
a. individual liberty.
b. self-government.
c. opposition to slavery.
d. religious tolerance.
e. economic opportunity.
2. All of the following are guarantees provided by the Bill of Rights except
a. the right to vote for all citizens.
b. freedom of speech.
c. freedom of religion.
d. freedom of the press.
e. right to a trial by a jury.
3. As president, John Quincy Adams
a. was more successful than as secretary of state
b. adjusted to the New Democracy.
c. was one of the least successful presidents in American history.
d. put many of his supporters on the federal payroll.
e. was successful in getting his programs enacted into law.
4. In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except
a. support of the Wilmot Proviso.
b. internal improvements.
c. free government homesteads for settlers.
d. opposition to slavery in the territories.
e. an end to slavery in the District of Columbia.
5. As a result of the Civil War,
a. the population of the United States declined.
b. political dishonesty grew while honesty in business rose.
c. the North developed a strong sense of moral superiority.
d. the great majority of political and business leaders became corrupt.
e. waste, extravagance, speculation, and graft reduced the moral stature of the Republic.
6. U.S. naval captain Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that
a. free trade was essential to a nation’s economic health.
b. control of the sea was the key to the United States’ world domination.
c. the United States should continue its policy of isolationism.
d. an isthmian canal between the Atlantic and the Pacific was impossible.
e. the U.S. should construct a fleet of battleships.
7. Match each member of President Harding’s cabinet below with his major area of responsibility.
A. Charles Evans Hughes 1. taxes and tariffs
B. Andrew Mellon 2. naval oil reserves
C. Herbert Hoover 3. naval arms limitation
D. Albert Fall 4. foreign trade and trade
E. Harry Daugherty associations
5. justice and law enforcement
a. A-5, B-3, C-2, D-4, E-1
b. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2, E-5
c. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-5, E-1
d. A-4, B-5, C-1, D-3, E-2
e. A-1, B-2, C-5, D-3, E-4
8. During the 1952 presidential campaign, Republican candidate Dwight Eisenhower declared that he would to help to end the Korean War.
a. use atomic weapons
b. blockade the China coast and bomb Manchuria
c. open negotiations with Mao Zedong
d. order United Nations troops to invade North Korea
e. personally go to Korea
9. On the eve of its colonizing adventure, England possessed
a. a unified national state.
b. a measure of religious unity.
c. a sense of nationalism.
d. a popular monarch.
e. all of the above.
10. One of George Washington’s major contributions as president was
a. keeping the nation out of foreign wars.
b. the signing of Jay’s Treaty.
c. his advice against forming permanent alliances with foreign nations.
d. securing a pledge from Britain to stop arming Indians on the western lands.
e. establishing the political party system.
11. The purpose behind the spoils system was
a. to press those with experience into governmental service.
b. to make politics a sideline and not a full-time business.
c. to reward political supporters with public office.
d. to reverse the trend of rotation in office.
e. the widespread encouragement of a bureaucratic office-holding class.
12. The Free Soilers condemned slavery because
a. of the harm it did to blacks.
b. of moral principles.
c. it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to self-employment.
d. it was the only way they had of combating the appeal of the Democratic party.
e. it damaged the national economy
13. Which of the following internal developments in China resulted in Chinese immigration to the United States?
a. the disintegration of the Chinese Empire
b. the seizure of farmland by landlords
c. the intrusion of European powers
d. internal political turmoil
e. all of the above
14. Hawaii’s Queen Liliuokalani was removed from power because
a. she did not allow Christian missionaries in her country.
b. many Hawaiians found her rule corrupt.
c. Hawaiian agriculture had failed under her leadership.
d. President Grover Cleveland believed that U.S. national honor required control of the Hawaiian government.
e. she insisted that native Hawaiians should control Hawaii.
15. The Teapot Dome scandal involved the mishandling of
a. naval oil reserves.
b. funds for veterans’ hospitals.
c. the budget for the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
d. European war-debt payments.
e. the sale of presidential pardons.
16. Among anticommunists, Senator Joseph R. McCarthy was the
a. most effective.
b. first Republican.
c. only true World War II hero.
d. one who most damaged free speech.
e. one who organized a national movement.
17. Most immigrants to the Chesapeake colonies in the seventeenth century came as
a. indentured servants.
b. slaves from Africa.
c. yeomen farmers.
d. urban artisans.
e. refugees from civil war in Europe.
18. According to the Federalists, the duty of judging the unconstitutionality of legislation passed by Congress lay with
a. state legislatures.
b. the president.
c. state supreme courts.
d. the Supreme Court.
e. the people.
19. The purpose behind the spoils system was
a. to press those with experience into governmental service.
b. to make politics a sideline and not a full-time business.
c. to reward political supporters with public office.
d. to reverse the trend of rotation in office.
e. the widespread encouragement of a bureaucratic office-holding class.
20. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin
a. intended to show the cruelty of slavery.
b. was prompted by passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
c. comprised the recollections of a long-time personal witness to the evils of slavery.
d. received little notice at the time it was published but became widely read during the Civil War.
e. portrayed blacks as militant resisters to slavery.
21. President James A. Garfield was assassinated
a. as a result of his service in the Civil War.
b. because he was a Stalwart Republican.
c. because he opposed civil-service reform.
d. by a deranged, disappointed office seeker.
e. by a political anarchist.
22. The United States entered the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty with , the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty with , and the Gentlemen’s Agreement with .
a. Panama; Britain; Britain
b. Japan; Britain; Panama
c. Britain; Britain; Japan
d. Panama; Britain; Japan
e. Panama; France; Britain
23. In 1932 Franklin Roosevelt campaigned on the promise that as president he would attack the Great Depression by
a. nationalizing all banks and major industries.
b. mobilizing America’s youth as in wartime.
c. returning to the traditional policies of laissez-faire capitalism.
d. continuing the policies already undertaken by President Hoover.
e. experimenting with bold new programs for economic and social reform.
24. The 1954 Supreme Court case that ruled racially segregated school systems “inherently unequal” was
a. Roe v. Wade.
b. Plessy v. Ferguson.
c. Sweatt v. Painter.
d. Johnson v. Little Rock School District.
e. Brown v. Board of Education.
25. The French and Indian War was also known in Europe as
a. the War of Jenkins’s Ear.
b. the Seven Years’ War.
c. the War of Austrian Succession.
d. King William’s War.
e. Queen Anne’s War.
26. Thomas Jefferson saw his election and his mission as president to include all of the following except
a. to return to the original spirit of the revolution.
b. restore the republican experiment.
c. check the growth of the republican experiment.
d. halt the decay of virtue.
e. support the establishment of a strong army.
27. Ireland’s great export in the 1840s was
a. people.
b. potatoes.
c. wool.
d. whiskey.
e. music.
28. The Republicans lost the 1856 election in part because of
a. southern threats that a Republican victory would be a declaration of war.
b. lingering support for slavery in the North.
c. northern bullyism.
d. the North’s unwillingness at this stage to let the South depart in peace.
e. the division between Democrats and Know-Nothings.
29. One by-product of the development of the railroads was
a. a scattering of the U.S. population.
b. fewer big cities.
c. the movement of people to cities.
d. a reduction in immigration to the United States.
e. a loss of population in the East.
30. President Theodore Roosevelt branded reporters who tried to uncover to injustice as “muckrakers” because
a. he saw them as trying to clean up society.
b. they brought ugly problems to public attention.
c. of their work in the “muck” of the slums.
d. of their coverage of the meat-packing industry.
e. the was annoyed by their excessive zeal.
31. The phrase “Hundred Days” refers to
a. the worst months of the Great Depression.
b. the time it took for Congress to begin acting on President Roosevelt’s plans for combating the Great Depression.
c. the first months of Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency.
d. the “lame-duck” period between Franklin Roosevelt’s election and his inauguration.
e. the time that all banks were closed by FDR.
32. President Eisenhower’s “New Look” foreign policy in the 1950s planned for
a. the dismantling of the military-industrial complex.
b. massive new military spending.
c. greater reliance on air power and the deterrent power of nuclear weapons.
d. a buildup of unconventional and guerrilla-warfare forces.
e. the rapid deployment of the navy and marines to trouble spots.
33. With the end of the French and Indian War, the disunity, jealousy, and suspicion that had long existed in the American colonies
a. continued without change.
b. began to melt somewhat.
c. finally came to a complete end.
d. resulted in renewed acts of violence.
e. none of the above.
34. The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because
a. the Americans took the Chesapeake.
b. they needed more men.
c. Parliament passed a law.
d. of the XYZ affair.
e. they wanted to punish the United States.
35. Immigrants coming to the United States before 1860
a. depressed the economy due to their poverty.
b. found themselves involved in few cultural
conflicts.
c. had little impact on society until after the
Civil War.
d. settled mostly in the South.
e. helped to fuel economic expansion
36. Many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states to leave the Union until
a. John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry.
b. The South attacked Fort Sumter.
c. Robert E. Lee was named to head the potential new nation’s army.
d. South Carolina seceded from the United States.
e. Virginia and Tennessee joined the seceding states.
37. By 1900, organized labor in America
a. had temporarily ceased to exist.
b. had enrolled nearly half of the industrial labor force.
c. was accepted by the majority of employers as a permanent part of the new industrial economy.
d. had begun to develop a positive image with the public.
e. relied heavily on the National Labor Relations Board.
38. While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the
a. Fair Deal.
b. Big Deal.
c. Big Stick.
d. New Deal.
e. Square Deal.
39. President Franklin Roosevelt’s foreign-trade policy
a. lowered tariffs to increase trade.
b. encouraged trade only with Latin America.
c. continued the policy that had persisted since the Civil War.
d. was reversed only after World War II.
e. sought protection for key U.S. industries
40. When he took office in 1961, President Kennedy chose to try to stimulate the sluggish economy through
a. a massive foreign-aid program.
b. large-scale government spending programs.
c. a tax cut.
d. reducing expenditures on the space program.
e. a looser monetary policy.
41. The “radical whigs” feared
a. too much democracy.
b. a written constitution.
c. the arbitrary power of the monarchy.
d. a too powerful parliament.
e. all of the above.
42. President James Madison made a major foreign-policy mistake when he
a. accepted Napoleon’s promise to
recognize America’s rights.
b. vetoed Macon’s Bill No. 2.
c. allied the United States with Britain.
d. refused to trust Napoleon.
e. declared war on France.
43. By 1850, organized religion in America
a. retained the rigor of colonial
religion.
b. was ignored by three-fourths of the
people.
c. had lost some of its austere Calvinist
rigor.
d. had grown more conservative.
e. had become tied to the upper
classes.
44. During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized Tribes in the Indian Territory of present-day Oklahoma
a. supported the Confederacy.
b. supported the Union.
c. remained neutral.
d. gave up their slaves.
e. sought admission as a Confederate state.
45. Most New Immigrants
a. eventually returned to their country of origin.
b. tried to preserve their Old Country culture in America.
c. were subjected to stringent immigration restrictions.
d. were quickly assimilated into the mainstream of American life.
e. were converted to mainstream Protestantism.
46. With the onset of World War I, the United States