Appendix A. Overall model fit statistics for the list of models (M) best supported by the data under the Occam’s window criterion of 20 for each species and each prior. The values represent the range in model size (i.e., number of parameters), BIC, R2adj., and F statistics and associated p-value of these M models.

Species / Model
type / Prior / Size / BIC / R2adj. / F statistics / p-value / M
ATFLa / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 8 / 95, 101 / 15.4, 45.8 / 5.1, 13.1 / 0, 0.006 / 89
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 3 / 95, 101 / 15.4, 31.6 / 6.3, 13.1 / 0, 0.006 / 21
Gaussian / Comp. / 5, 10 / 96, 108 / 36.9, 45.8 / 4, 6.8 / 0, 0.001 / 54
Gaussian / KL / 4, 10 / 96, 108 / 34.3, 45.8 / 4, 6.8 / 0, 0.001 / 55
BRSP / Logit / Uniform / 1, 3 / 58, 64 / na / 0.7, 6.6 / 0.01, 0.392 / 58
Logit / Occam / 1, 2 / 58, 64 / na / 0.7, 6.6 / 0.01, 0.392 / 12
Logit / Comp. / 1, 8 / 58, 78 / na / 1.4, 6.6 / 0.01, 0.232 / 730
Logit / KL / 1, 7 / 58, 75 / na / 0.7, 6.6 / 0.01, 0.392 / 549
BTGN / Logit / Uniform / 1, 4 / 55, 61 / na / 4.1, 9.6 / 0.001, 0.013 / 61
Logit / Occam / 1, 3 / 55, 59 / na / 5, 9.6 / 0.001, 0.013 / 17
Logit / Comp. / 1, 8 / 55, 72 / na / 2.5, 9.6 / 0.001, 0.013 / 461
Logit / KL / 1, 7 / 55, 69 / na / 2.7, 9.6 / 0.001, 0.012 / 362
BTSP / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 5 / 117, 123 / 80.5, 84.6 / 43.6, 174.7 / 0, 0 / 30
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 3 / 117, 123 / 80.4, 84.1 / 65.1, 174.7 / 0, 0 / 14
Gaussian / Comp. / 2, 8 / 117, 133 / 81.5, 84.6 / 25.8, 91.4 / 0, 0 / 151
Gaussian / KL / 1, 8 / 117, 132 / 80.9, 84.6 / 5.1, 13.1 / 0, 0.006 / 129
CACW / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 7 / 97, 103 / 45.8, 58.6 / 9.1, 37.4 / 0, 0 / 64
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 3 / 97, 101 / 45.8, 53.1 / 16.5, 37.4 / 0, 0 / 11
Gaussian / Comp. / 3, 9 / 97, 110 / 52.3, 58.6 / 6.7, 16.5 / 0, 0 / 82
Gaussian / KL / 2, 9 / 97, 110 / 49.2, 58.6 / 6.7, 20.9 / 0, 0 / 78
CONI / Gaussian / Uniform / 2, 5 / 92, 98 / 52.5, 60.9 / 13.8, 29.7 / 0, 0 / 48
Gaussian / Occam / 2, 3 / 92, 98 / 52.5, 60.1 / 19.3, 29.7 / 0, 0 / 16
Gaussian / Comp. / 2, 10 / 92, 111 / 54.3, 62 / 7.1, 29.7 / 0, 0 / 360
Gaussian / KL / 2, 10 / 92, 111 / 54.3, 62 / 7.1, 29.7 / 0, 0 / 283
CRTH / Logit / Uniform / 1, 4 / 51, 57 / na / 4.8, 13.4 / 0, 0.002 / 52
Logit / Occam / 1, 3 / 51, 55 / na / 6.3, 13.4 / 0, 0.001 / 11
Logit / Comp. / 1, 8 / 51, 69 / na / 2.8, 13.4 / 0, 0.005 / 551
Logit / KL / 1, 7 / 51, 66 / na / 3.1, 13.4 / 0, 0.003 / 410
EAME / Logit / Uniform / 1, 4 / 42, 48 / na / 6.6, 17.1 / 0, 0 / 35
Logit / Occam / 1, 3 / 42, 48 / na / 8.2, 17.1 / 0, 0 / 16
Logit / Comp. / 2, 10 / 42, 63 / na / 3.4, 12.4 / 0, 0 / 425
Logit / KL / 2, 9 / 42, 60 / na / 3.7, 12.4 / 0, 0 / 412
GTTO / Logit / Uniform / 1, 5 / 51, 57 / na / 4.7, 11.1 / 0, 0.002 / 42
Logit / Occam / 1, 3 / 51, 57 / na / 6.1, 11.1 / 0, 0.004 / 19
Logit / Comp. / 2, 10 / 51, 71 / na / 2.8, 9.1 / 0, 0.003 / 340
Logit / KL / 1, 9 / 51, 69 / na / 3, 11.1 / 0, 0.002 / 301
MODO / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 4 / 124, 130 / -2.5, 11.3 / 0, 3.4 / 0.057, 0.964 / 48
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 2 / 124, 128 / -2.5, 7.9 / 0, 3.4 / 0.074, 0.964 / 22
Gaussian / Comp. / 1, 10 / 124, 147 / -3.7, 12.7 / 0, 3.4 / 0.057, 0.964 / 416
Gaussian / KL / 1, 9 / 124, 143 / -4.6, 12.7 / 0, 3.4 / 0.057, 0.964 / 343
NOMO / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 5 / 112, 118 / 52.4, 59.4 / 12.5, 48.4 / 0, 0 / 41
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 2 / 112, 116 / 52.4, 56.5 / 23.6, 48.4 / 0, 0 / 11
Gaussian / Comp. / 1, 8 / 112, 129 / 52.4, 59.4 / 7.4, 48.4 / 0, 0 / 208
Gaussian / KL / 1, 7 / 112, 126 / 52.2, 59.4 / 8.4, 48.4 / 0, 0 / 179
PYRR / Logit / Uniform / 1, 5 / 25, 31 / na / 10.1, 40.3 / 0, 0 / 49
Logit / Occam / 1,3 / 25, 29 / na / 15.3, 40.3 / 0, 0 / 12
Logit / Comp. / 1,8 / 25,41 / na / 6.3, 40.3 / 0, 0 / 282
Logit / KL / 1, 9 / 25, 39 / na / 7, 40.3 / 0, 0 / 276
SCOR / Gaussian / Uniform / 2, 6 / 81, 86 / 47.3, 57.7 / 9.7, 19.7 / 0, 0 / 72
Gaussian / Occam / 2, 5 / 81, 87 / 46.3, 57.6 / 11.7, 19.7 / 0, 0 / 30
Gaussian / Comp. / 3, 9 / 81, 96 / 51.2, 57.7 / 6.3, 16.5 / 0, 0 / 204
Gaussian / KL / 3, 9 / 81, 95 / 51.2, 57.7 / 6.5, 16.5 / 0, 0 / 193
SCQU / Logit / Uniform / 1, 6 / 39, 45 / na / 6.5, 25 / 0, 0 / 120
Logit / Occam / 1, 4 / 39, 44 / na / 9.1, 25 / 0, 0 / 20
Logit / Comp. / 2, 9 / 39, 55 / na / 6.3, 16.5 / 0, 0 / 305
Logit / KL / 2, 9 / 39, 54 / na / 6.5, 16.5 / 0, 0 / 300
VERD / Logit / Uniform / 1, 6 / 50, 56 / na / 4.8, 10.1 / 0, 0.002 / 49
Logit / Occam / 1, 3 / 50, 55 / na / 6.2, 10.1 / 0, 0.002 / 17
Logit / Comp. / 2, 10 / 50, 66 / na / 3.2, 9.4 / 0, 0.001 / 148
Logit / KL / 2, 10 / 50, 66 / na / 3.2, 9.4 / 0, 0.001 / 175
WEKI / Gaussian / Uniform / 1, 4 / 115, 121 / 33.1, 38.2 / 7.3, 22.8 / 0, 0 / 30
Gaussian / Occam / 1, 2 / 115, 118 / 33.1, 35.2 / 11.1, 22.8 / 0, 0 / 12
Gaussian / Comp. / 1, 8 / 115, 134 / 29.6, 38.2 / 3.6, 22.8 / 0, 0.005 / 447
Gaussian / KL / 1, 7 / 115, 130 / 27.1, 38.2 / 4.1, 22.8 / 0, 0.002 / 378

a ATFL = Ash-throated Flycatcher, BRSP = Brewer’s Sparrow, BTGN = Black-tailed Gnatcatcher, BTSP = Black-throated Sparrow, CACW = Cactus Wren, CONI = Common Nighthawk, CRTH = Crissal Thrasher, EAME = Eastern Meadowlark, GTTO = Green-tailed Towhee, MODO = Mourning Dove, NOMO = Northern Mockingbird, PYRR = Pyrrhuloxia, SCOR = Scott’s Oriole, SCQU = Scaled Quail, VERD = Verdin, and WEKI = Western Kingbird.

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