AP Psychology Unit 11 Study Guide – Abnormal Behavior and Treatments
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
A. Defining Psychological Disorders
1. Psychological disorders
2. Medical model
3. How does the medical model understand psychological disorders?
4. How does the biopsychosocial approach understand psychological disorders?
B. Classifying/Labeling Psychological Disorders
5. DSM – 5
6. Why do some psychologists criticize the use of diagnostic labels?
C. Rates of Psychological Disorders
7. How many people suffer from a psychological disorder?
8. Is poverty a risk factor?
ANXIETY DISORDERS, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, AND POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
A. Anxiety Disorders
9. Anxiety disorders
10. Generalized anxiety disorder
11. Panic disorder
12. Phobias
13. Social anxiety disorder
14. Agoraphobia
15. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
16. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
17. Posttraumatic growth
18. How does the learning perspective explain anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD?
19. How does the biological perspective explain anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD?
MOOD DISORDERS
A. Major Depressive Disorder
20. Mood disorders
21. Major depressive disorder
B. Bipolar Disorder
22. Mania
23. Bipolar disorder
24. Rumination
25. How does the biological perspective explain mood disorders?
26. How does the social-cognitive perspective explain mood disorders?
27. Depression’s vicious cycle:
SCHIZOPHRENIA
A. Symptoms of Schizophrenia
28.Schizophrenia
29. Psychosis
30. Delusions
31. Hallucinations
32. Flat affect
B. Onset and Development of Schizophrenia
33. How do chronic and acute schizophrenia differ?
34. How do brain abnormalities and viral infections help explain schizophrenia?
35. Are there genetic influences on schizophrenia?
36. What factors may be early warning signs of schizophrenia in children?
OTHER DISORDERS
A. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
37. Somatic symptom disorder
38. Conversion disorder
39. Illness anxiety disorder
B. Dissociative Disorders
40. Dissociative disorders
41. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
42. Why are dissociative disorders controversial?
C. Eating Disorders
43. anorexia nervosa
44. Bulimia nervosa
45. Binge-eating disorder
46. How do eating disorders demonstrate the influence of psychological and genetic influences?
D. Personality Disorders
47. Personality disorders
48. Antisocial personality disorder
49. Avoidant personality disorder
50. Schizoid personality disorder
51. Histrionic personality disorder
52. Narcissistic personality disorder
53. What are the 3 clusters of personality disorders?
54. What behaviors and brain activity characterize the antisocial personality?
TREATMENT OF ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR
A. Introduction to Therapy
55. Psychotherapy
56. Biomedical therapy
57. Eclectic approach
B. Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy
58. Resistance
59. Transferring
60. Psychodynamic therapy
61. What are the goals and techniques of psychoanalysis?
62. How have these techniques been adapted in psychodynamic therapy?
C. Humanistic Therapies
63. Insight therapies
64. Carl Rogers
65. Client-centered therapy
66. Active listening
67. Unconditional positive regard
68. What are the basic themes of humanistic therapy?
69. What are the specific goals and techniques of Rogers’ client-centered approach?
BEHAVIOR, COGNITIVE, AND GROUP THERAPIES
A. Behavior Therapies
70. Behavior therapy
71. Counterconditioning
72. Exposure therapies
73. Systematic desensitization
74. Virtual reality exposure therapy
75. Aversive conditioning
76. Token economy
77. How does the basic assumption of behavior therapy differ from those of psychodynamic and humanistic therapies?
B. Cognitive Therapies
78. Cognitive therapies
79. Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
80. Aaron Beck
81. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
82. What are the goals and techniques of cognitive therapy?
83. What are the goals and techniques of cognitive-behavioral therapy?
C. Group and Family Therapies
84. Group therapy
85. Family therapy
86. What are the aims and benefits of group and family therapy?
EVALUATING PSYCHOTHERAPIES AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES
A. Evaluating Psychotherapies
87. Meta-analysis
88. Evidence-based practice
89. Therapeutic alliance
90. Does psychotherapy work? Who decides?
91. Are some psychotherapies more effective than others for specific disorders?
92. How do alternative therapies fare under scientific scrutiny?
93. What 3 elements are shared by all forms of psychotherapy?
94. How do culture, gender, and values influence the therapist-client relationship?
B. Preventing Psychological Disorders
95. Resilience
96. What is the rationale for preventive mental health programs?
BIOMEDICAL THERAPIES
A. Drug Therapies
97. Psychopharmacology
98. Antipsychotic drugs
99. Antianxiety drugs
100. Antidepressants
101. What are drug therapies?
102. How do double-blind studies help researchers evaluate a drug’s effectiveness?
B. Brain Stimulation
103. Electroconvulsive therapy
104. How are brain stimulation and psychosurgery used in treating specific disorders?
C. Alternative Neurostimulation Therapies
105. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
106. Deep-brain stimulation
D. Psychosurgery
107. Psychosurgery
108. Lobotomy
Comparing Biomedical TherapiesTherapy / Presumed Problem / Therapy Aim / Therapy Technique
109. Drug Therapies
110. Brain Stimulation
111. Psychosurgery
112. Therapeutic Lifestyle Change