Name:
Section 2 Review
Identify the plates
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
6. ______
7. ______
8. ______
Multiple Choice:
___9. The theory that Earth’s crust and upper mantle are broken into sections is called ___.
a. seafloor spreading b. plate tectonics
___10. The theory of Plate Tectonics was introduced approximately ___ years ago.
a. 15b. 30-40c. 75d. 100
___11. The idea that continents have moved horizontally through the seafloor is called ___.
a. continental drift b. continental slope c. magnetism d. convection
___12. A lack of explanation for continental drift prevented many scientists from believing a
single supercontinent called ____ existed.
a. Glomar b. Glossopteris c. Pangaea d. Mesosaurus
Matching:
A. all landD. GlossopterisG. Alfred Wegener
B. Continental DriftE. Rocks, fossil and climate
C. Gondwanaland F. Laurasia
___ 13. Northen Hemisphere shortly after Pangaea
___ 14. Southern Hemisphere shortly after Pangaea
___ 15. Pangaea means this in latin
___ 16. Fern fossil found in Africa, Australia, India, South America, and Antarctica
___ 17. Clues that support continental drift
___ 18. Scientist who suggested theory of continental drift
___ 19. Movement of continents
Short Answer: Answer the following questions on the back.
20. How did the discoveries of Glossopteris and Mesosaurus support Wegener’s continental drift theory?
21. Why wouldn’t the fossil of an ocean fish found on two different continents be good evidence of continental drift?
22. Why did other scientists criticize Wegener and his theory even though he had so much evidence?
Name:
Section 1 Review
Identify the layers of the Earth
Inner Core Lithosphere Outer Core Lower Mantle Asthenosphere
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
Multiple Choice:
___ 6. The solid center of Earth is the_____.
a. inner core b. asthenosphere c. lithosphere d. mantle
___ 7. The ____ is the largest layer inside Earth.
a. inner core b. outer core c. mantle d. crust
___ 8. The ____ is the thinnest layer of Earth.
a. inner core b. crust c. mantle d. outer core
___ 9. The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's ____ .
a. lithosphere b. asthenosphere c. continents
___ 10. The lithosphere is composed of the ____ .
a. plates and seafloor b. crust and upper mantle
___ 11. Plates float on the ____ .
a. asthenosphere b. lithosphere
___ 12. The Earth’s magnetic field is created by the ______rotating around the inner core.
a. crustb. inner corec. outer cored. mantle
___ 13. Continental crust is composed of _____ rocks.
a. graniticb. basaltic
___ 14. Oceanic crust is composed of ______rocks.
a. graniticb. basaltic
___ 15. Ocean floor plates are ____ than continental plates.
a. thicker b. slower c. older d. thinner
Matching
A. Mohorovicic DiscontinuityE. CoreI. Guttenberg Discontinuity
B. plasticityF. Residual heatJ. inner core
C.Outer coreG. Big Bang Theory
D. asthenosphereH.mantle
___ 16. gravitational energy left over from the formation of the Earth
___ 17. The innermost two layers of the Earth are called the _____.
___ 18. Earth's thick, plastic-like layer is the _____.
___ 19. Dominant scientific theory about the origin of the universe.
___ 20. The transition zone between the asthenosphere and the crust.
___ 21. The transition zone between the mantle and the core.
___ 22. Solids that flow like a liquid have this.
___ 23. 2,900 km thick
___ 24. 2,200 km thick
___ 25. 1,250 km thick
Short Answer:
26. Explain why the inner core thought to be solid even though it is extremely hot.
27-38 Fill in the Table with the correct information.
Layer / Give the thickness of each layer in Miles / List the Main Elements in each layer. / Solid, Liquid, Plastic-like or combination (explain if combination?Crust / 27. / 31. / 35.
Mantle / 28. / 32. / 36.
Outer Core / 29. / 33. / 37.
Inner Core / 30. / 34 / 38.
Name:
Section 3 Review
Multiple Choice
___ 1. A tectonic plate is also called a ______plate.
a. atmospheric b. lithosphericc. asthenospheric
___ 2. Convection currents can not take place without ____.
a. lightb. firec. heatd. water
___ 3. Scientists think plates are moved by ____.
a. convection currents b. volcanoes
___ 4. The area where a plate descends is a ____.
a. convergent boundary b. subduction zone
___ 5. The youngest material of the ocean floor is found at mid-ocean ____.
a. rifts b. basins c. trenches d. ridges
___ 6. The formation and alignment of new iron minerals reflect the fact that Earth's ____ has
reversed itself several times in its past.
a. magnetic field b. core c. gravity
___ 7. The Glomar Challenger aided the theory of plate tectonics by providing ___.
a. high altitude photos of existing continents
b. samples of sediment cores from different locations between S. American and Africa
c. samples of younger rock away from mid-ocean ridges
d. direct measurements of the movement of continents
___ 8. In towing magnetometers across the ocean floor, scientists found ____ bands of
magnetism.
a. very weak b. alternating c. no
___ 9. Sea-floor spreading occurs because ____.
a. new material is being added to the asthenosphere
b. earthquakes break apart the ocean floor
c. sediments accumulate at the area of spreading
d. molten material from the mantle rises to the surface
True or False
___ 10. Continental plates are primarily covered by a landmass.
___ 11. The crust under the continents is thinner than the crust under the ocean.
___ 12. Continental plates are more dense than the oceanic plates.
___ 13. Oceanic plates are primarily covered by oceans.
___ 14. Oceanic plates are more dense than continental plates.
___ 15. Earthquakes and volcanoes are concentrated near plate boundaries.
Matching
A. MagneticF. Away from the mid-ocean ridge J. Mid-ocean ridge
B. 200 million yearsG. Molten material in the mantleK. Magnetometer
C. Glomar ChallengerH. Nearest to ridgeL. 4 billion years
D. Trench/Subduction ZoneI. Sea-floor spreadingM. Basalt
E. Harry Hess
___ 16. An underwater mountain range
___ 17. Person who suggested theory of sea-floor spreading
___ 18. Material that rises to surface at mid-ocean ridge
___ 19. Direction in which ocean floor moves
___ 20. Where the seafloor is forced down into the mantle
___ 21. Research ship
___ 22. Age of oldest seafloor rocks
___ 23. Age of oldest continental rocks
___ 24. Location of youngest seafloor rocks
___ 25. Rock containing iron
___ 26. Poles that reverse themselves
___ 27. Machine that records magnetic data
___ 28. Process that forms new ocean floor
Short Answer
29. Compare and contrast the Theories of Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics.
Name:
Section 4 Review
Movement of the Plates: Match the terms with the correct letter on the diagram below.
___ 1.Continent (top of crustal plate)___ 6.conveyer belt/convection current
___ 2. Mantle___ 7. old ocean floor becomes partially molten rock
___ 3.mid-ocean ridge___ 8. partially molten rock becomes new ocean floor
___ 4.ocean floor _____ , _____, _____9. crustal plates
___ 5.trench
Multiple Choice
___ 10. There are _____ types of plate boundaries.
a. 2b. 3c. 4d. 5
___ 11. Plates can ____.
a. pull apart, collide, and move past one anotherb. erupt and form precipitation
___ 12. The boundary between two plates that are moving apart is a ____ boundary,
a. convergent b. divergent
___ 13. When ocean plates collide with continental plates, the denser ocean plate ____
a. sinks b. rises
___ 14. A ____ is created where one plate moves under another.
a. ridge push b. subduction zone
___ 15. A subducted plate melts, forming ____.
a. magma and volcanic mountains b. the lithosphere
___ 16. Two continental plates colliding are most likely to cause ____.
a. volcanoes b. earthquakes
___ 17. A place where plates slide past one another is a____.
a. divergent fault b. transform fault
___ 18. The Himalayas were formed at a ____ .
a. convergent boundary b. transform fault
___ 19. The ____ are mountains formed by the collision of the Indian plate and the Asian plate.
a. Alps b. Rockies c. Himalayas
___ 20. Plates move apart at_____ boundaries.
a. convergent bdivergent. c. volcanic
___ 21. Where plates move past one another, ____ occur.
a. volcanoesb. ocean trenches c. transform faults
___ 22. The boundaries between two colliding plates are called ____ boundaries.
a. divergentb. convergent c. a transform fault
Matching
___ 23.Mediterranean-Alpine RegionA. Divergent Boundary
___ 24. San Andreas FaultB. Convergent Boundary
___ 25. HimalayasC. Transform Boundary
___ 26. Shear ForcesD. Plate Boundary Zone
___ 27. Compression Forces
___ 28. Tension Forces
___ 29. Mid-Atlantic Ridge
___ 30. Andes Mts.
___ 31. Great Rift Zone in Africa
Short Answer:
- Explain why there are few volcanoes in the Himalayas yet there are so many earthquakes.
Earthquake reason:
Volcano reason:
- The Andes Mountains, the Himalayas and the Islands of Japan were all formed at convergent plate boundaries. Explain how the formation of the Andes Mountains, the Himalayas and the Islands of Japan are different. (Hint: Discuss the types of plates involved for each location.)
Andes Mountains:
Himalayas:
Islands of Japan: