Supplementary References (ETS phylogenetic studies)
sorted according to taxonomy (families)
Apocynaceae
Yamashiro T., Fukuda T., Yokoyama J., Maki M. (2004) Molecular phylogeny of Vincetoxicum (Apocynaceae-Asclepladoideae) based on the nucleotide sequences of cpDNA and nrDNA. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 31: 689―700.
Araliaceae
Tronchet F., Plunkett G. M., Jérémie J., Lowry P. P. I. (2005) Monophyly and major clades of Meryta (Araliaceae). Syst. Bot. 30: 657―670.
Asteraceae
Baldwin B. G., Markos St. (1998) Phylogenetic utility of the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of 18S-26S rDNA: congruence of ETS and ITS trees of Calycadenia. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 10: 449―463.
Bayer R. J., Greber D. G., Bagnall N. H. (2002) Phylogeny of Australian Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear sequences, the trnL intron, trnL/trnF intergenic spacer, matK, and ETS. Syst. Bot. 27: 801―814.
Brouillet L., Urbatsch L., Roberts R. P. (2004) Tonestus kingii and T. aberrans are related to Eurybia and the Machaerantherinae (Asteraceae: Astereae) based on nrDNA (ITS and ETS) data: reinstatement of Herrickia and a new genus, Triniteurybia. SIDA Contr. Bot. 21: 889―900.
Chan R., Baldwin B. G., Ornduff R. (2001) Goldfields revisited: a molecular phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of Lasthenia (Compositae: Heliantheae sensu lato). Internat. J. Pl. Sci. 162: 1347―1360.
Chan R., Baldwin B. G., Ornduff R. (2002) Cryptic goldfields: A molecular phylogenetic reinvestigation of Lasthenia californica sensu lato and close relatives (Compositae: Heliantheae sensu lato). Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1103―1112.
Clevinger J. A., Panero J. L. (2000) Phylogenetic analysis of Silphium and subtribe Engelmanniinae (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) based on ITS and ETS sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 87: 565―572.
Ford V. S., Lee J., Baldwin B. G., Gottlieb L. D. (2006b) Species divergence and relationships in Stephanomeria (Compositae): PgiC phylogeny compared to prior biosystematic studies. Amer. J. Bot. 93: 480―490.
Goertzen L. R., Francisco-Ortega J., Santos-Guerra A., Mower J. P., Linder C. R., Jansen R. K. (2002) Molecular systematics of the Asteriscus alliance (Asteraceae: Inulae) II: Combined nuclear and chloroplast data. Syst. Bot. 27: 815―823.
Hidalgo O., Garcia-Jacas N., Garnatje T., Susanna A. (2006) Phylogeny of Rhaponticum (Asteraceae, Cardueae-Centaureinae) and related genera inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence data: taxonomic and biogeographic implications. Ann. Bot. (London) 97: 705―714.
Kelch D. G., Baldwin B. G. (2003) Phylogeny and ecological radiation of New World thistles (Cirsium, Cardueae - Compositae) based on ITS and ETS rDNA sequence data. Molec. Ecol. 12: 141―151.
Lee J., Baldwin B. G., Gottlieb L. D. (2002) Phylogeny of Stephanomeria and related genera (Compositae-Lactuceae) based on analysis of 18S-26S nuclear rDNA ITS and ETS sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 160―168.
Lee J., Baldwin B. G., Gottlieb L. D. (2003) Phylogenetic relationships among the primarily North American genera Cichorieae (Compositae) based on analysis of 18S-26S nuclear rDNA, ITS and ETS sequences. Syst. Bot. 28: 616―626.
Linder C. R., Goertzen L. R., Heuvel B. V., Francisco-Ortega J., Jansen R. K. (2000) The complete external transcribed spacer of 18S-26S rDNA: amplification and phylogenetic utility at low taxonomic levels in Asteraceae and closely allied families. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 14: 285―303.
Markos St., Baldwin B. G. (2001) Higher-level relationships and major lineages of Lessingia (Compositae, Astereae) based on nuclear rDNA internal and external transcribed spacer (ITS and ETS) sequences. Syst. Bot. 26: 168―183.
Martins L., Hellwig F. (2005a) Systematic position of the genera Serratula and Klasea within Centaureinae (Cardueae, Asteraceae) inferred from ETS and ITS sequence data and new combinations in Klasea. Taxon 54: 632―638.
Martins L., Hellwig F. H. (2005b) Phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic species Serratula chinensis and Serratula forrestii (Asteraceae - Cardueae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 255: 215-224.
Mavrodiev E. V., Tancig M., Sherwood A. M., Gitzendanner M. A., Rocca J., Soltis P. S., Soltis D. E. (2005) Phylogeny of Tragopogon L. (Asteraceae) based on internal and external transcribed spacer sequence data. Internat. J. Pl. Sci. 166: 117―133.
McKown A. D., Moncalvo J.-M., Dengler N. G. (2005) Phylogeny of Flaveria (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution. Amer. J. Bot. 92: 1911―1928.
Morgan D. R. (2003) NrDNA external transcribed spacer (ETS) sequence data, reticulate evolution, and the systematics of Machaeranthera (Asteraceae). Syst. Bot. 28: 179―190.
Noyes R. D. (2006) Intraspecific nuclear ribosomal DNA divergence and reticulation in sexual diploid Erigeron strigosus (Asteraceae). Amer. J. Bot. 93: 470―479.
Owen W. M., D'Amato G., De Dominicis R. I., Salimbeni P., Tucci G. F. (2006) A cytological and molecular study of the genera Scorzonera L. and Podospermum (L.) DC (Asteraceae). Caryologia 59: 153―163.
Plovanich A. E., Panero J. L. (2004) A phylogeny of the ITS and ETS for Montanoa (Asteraceae: Heliantheae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 31: 815―821.
Roberts R. P., Urbatsch L. E. (2003) Molecular phylogeny of Ericameria (Asteraceae, Astereae) based on nuclear ribosomal 3'ETS and ITS sequence data. Taxon 52: 209―228.
Saar D. E., Polans N. O., Sorensen P. D. (2003) A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Dahlia (Asteraceae) based on internal and external transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Syst. Bot. 28: 627―639.
Urbatsch L. E., Roberts R. P., Karaman V. (2003) Phylogenetic evaluation of Xylothamia, Gundlachia, and related genera (Asteraceae, Astereae) based on ETS and ITS nrDNA sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 90: 634―649.
Brassicaceae
Bhatia S., Singh Negi M., Lakshmikumaran M. (1996) Structural analysis of the rDNA intergenic spacer of Brassica nigra: evolutionary divergence of the spacers of the three diploid Brassica species. J. Molec. Evol. 43: 460―468.
Burseraceae
Becerra J. X. (2003) Evolution of Mexican Bursera (Burseraceae) inferred from ITS, ETS, and 5S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 26: 300―309.
Costaceae
Kay K. M., Reeves P. A., Olmstead R. G., Schemske D. W. (2005) Rapid speciation and the evolution of hummingbird pollination in neotropical Costus subgenus Costus (Costaceae): evidence from nrDNA ITS and ETS sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 92: 1899―1910.
Crassulaceae
Acevedo-Rosas R., Cameron K., Sosa V., Pell S. (2004) A molecular phylogenetic study of Graptopetalum (Crassulaceae) based on ETS, ITS, rpl16, and trnL-F nucleotide sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1099―1104.
Cyperaceae
Ford B. A., Iranpour M., Naczi R. F. C., Starr J. R., Jerome C. (2006a) Phylogeny of Carex subg. Vignea (Cyperaceae) based on non-coding nrDNA sequence data. Syst. Bot. 31: 70―82.
Hipp A. L., Reznicek A. A., Rothrock P. E., Weber J. A. (2006) Phylogeny and classification of Carex section Ovales (Cyperaceae). Intern. J. Pl. Sci. 167: 1029―1048.
Roalson E. H., Friar E. A. (2004a) Phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene family in Carex section Acrocystis (Cyperaceae) and combined analyses of Adh and nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS sequences for inferring species relationships. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 33: 671―686.
Roalson E. H., Friar E. A. (2004b) Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic patterns in North American members of Carex section Acrocystis (Cyperaceae) using nrDNA ITS and ETS sequence data. Pl. Syst. Evol. 243: 175―187.
Starr J. R., Harris S. A., Simpson D. A. (2003) Potential of the 5' and 3' ends of the intergenic spacer (IGS) of rDNA in the Cyperaceae: new sequences for lower-level phylogenies in sedges with an example from Uncinia Pers. Internat. J. Pl. Sci. 164: 213―227.
Starr J. R., Harris St. A., Simpson D. A. (2004) Phylogeny of the unispicate taxa in Cyperaceae tribe Cariceae I: Generic relationships and evolutionary scenarios. Syst. Bot. 29: 528―544.
Yano O., Hoshino T. (2005) Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal evolution of Japanese Schoenoplectus (Cyperaceae), based on ITS and ETS 1f sequences. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 56: 183―195.
Fabaceae
Bena G. (2001) Molecular phylogeny supports the morphologically based taxonomic transfer of the "medicagoid" Trigonella species to the genus Medicago L. Pl. Syst. Evol. 229: 217―236.
Bena G., Jubier M. F., Olivieri I., Lejeune B. (1998) Ribosomal external and internal transcribed spacers: combined used in the phylogenetic analysis of Medicago (Leguminosae). J. Mol. Evol. 46: 299―306.
Brown G. K., Ariati S. R., Murphy D. J., Miller J. T. H., Ladiges P. Y. (2006) Bipinnate acacias (Acacia subg. Phyllodineae sect. Botrycephalae) of eastern Australia are polyphyletic based on DNA sequence data. Aust. Syst. Bot. 19: 315―326.
Chandler G. T., Bayer R. J., Crisp M. D. (2001) A molecular phylogeny of the endemic Australian genus Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae) and allied genera using chloroplast and nuclear markers. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1675―1687.
Chandler G. T., Bayer R. J., Gilmore S. R. (2003) Oxylobium/Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae) conundrum: further studies using molecular data and a reappraisal of morphological characters. Pl. Species Biol. 18: 91―101.
Nickrent D. L., Patrick J. A. (1998) The nuclear ribosomal DNA intergenic spacers of wild and cultivated soybean have low variation and cryptic subrepeats. Genome 41: 183―192.
Stappen J. V., Marant S., Volckaert G. (2003) Molecular characterization and phylogenetic utility of the rDNA external transcribed spacer region in Stylosanthes (Fabaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 207: 291―298.
Malvaceae
Andreasen K., Baldwin B. G. (2003) Nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence polymorphism and hybridization in checker mallows (Sidalcea, Malvaceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 29: 563―581.
Moraceae
Jousselin E., Rasplus J.-Y., Kjellberg F. (2003) Convergence and coevolution in a mutualism: Evidence from a molecular phylogeny of Ficus. Evolution 57: 1255―1269.
Myrtaceae
Harrington M. G., Gadek P. A. (2004) Molecular systematics of the Acmena alliance (Myrtaceae): phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary implications with reference to Australian taxa. Aust. Syst. Bot. 17: 63―72.
Wright S. D., Yong C. G., Wichman S. R., Dawson J. W., Gardner R. C. (2001) Stepping stones in Hawaii: a trans-equatorial dispersal pathway for Metrosidos (Myrtaceae) inferred from nrDNA (ITS+ETS). J. Biogeogr. 28: 769―774.
Oleaceae
Li J., Alexander J. H., Zhang D. (2002) Paraphyletic Syringa (Oleaceae): Evidence from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and ETS regions. Syst. Bot. 27: 592―597.
Li J., Zhang D., Alexander J. H. (2001) Classification of tree lilacs (subgenus Ligustrina, Syringa, Oleaceae): morphology and DNA sequence tell a similar story. Harvard Papers Bot. 5: 517―529.
Onagraceae
Hoggard G. D., Kores P. J., Molvray M., Hoggard R. K. (2004) The phylogeny of Gaura (Onagraceae) based on ITS, ETS, and trnL-F sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 139―148.
Orchidaceae
Devos N., Raspe O., Oh S. H., Tyteca D., Jacquemart A. L. (2006) The evolution of Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae) allotetraploid complex: Insights from nrDNA sequences and cpDNA PCR-RFLP data. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 38: 767―778.
Phrymaceae
Beardsley P. M., Barker W. R. (2005) Patterns of evolution in Australian Mimulus and related genera (Phrymaceae~Scrophulariaceae): a molecular phylogeny using chloroplast and nuclear sequence data. Aust. Syst. Bot. 18: 61―73.
Beardsley P. M., Olmstead R. G. (2002) Redefining Phrymaceae: The placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1093-1102.
Beardsley P. M., Yen A., Olmstead R. G. (2003) AFLP phylogeny of Mimulus section Erythranthe and the evolution of hummingbird pollination. Evolution 57: 1397―1410.
Whittall J. B., Carlson M. L., Beardsley P. M., Meinke R. J., Liston A. (2006) The Mimulus moschatus alliance (Phrymaceae): Molecular and morphological phylogenetics and their conservation implications. Syst. Bot. 31: 380―397.
Poaceae
Sallares R., Brown T. A. (2004) Phylogenetic analysis of complete 5' external transcribed spacers of the 18S ribosomal RNA genes of diploid Aegilops and related species (Triticeae, Poaceae). Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 51: 701―712.
Takaiwa F., Kikuchi S., Oono K. (1990) The complete nucleotide sequence of the intergenic spacer between 25S and 17S rDNAs in the rice. Pl. Molec. Biol. 15: 933―935.
Rosaceae
Oh S.-H., Potter D. (2005) Molecular phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of tribe Neillieae (Rosaceae) using DNA sequences of cpDNA, rDNA, and LEAFY. Amer. J. Bot. 92: 179―192.
Rubiaceae
Negron-Ortiz V., Watson L. E. (2002) Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Erithalis (Rubiaceae), an endemic of the Caribbean Basin. Pl. Syst. Evol. 234: 71―83.
Nepokroeff M., Sytsma K. J., Wagner W. L., Zimmer E. A. (2003) Reconstructing ancestral patterns of colonization and dispersal in the Hawaiian understory tree genus Psychotria (Rubiaceae): a comparison of parsimony and likelihood approaches. Syst. Biol. 52: 820―838.
Wichman S. R., Wright S. D., Cameron E. K., Keeling D. J., Gardner R. C. (2002) Elevated genetic heterogeneity and Pleistocene climatic instability: inferences from nrDNA in New Zealand Coprosma (Rubiaceae). J. Biogeogr. 29: 943―954.
Saxifragaceae
Okuyama Y., Fujii N., Wakabayashi M., Kawakita A., Ito M., Watanabe M., Murakami N., Kato M. (2005) Nonuniform concerted evolution and chloroplast capture: heterogeneity of observed introgression patterns in three molecular data partition phylogenies of Asian Mitella (Saxifragaceae). Molec. Biol. Evol. 22: 285―296.