VITA March, 2002
Irwin Silverman
Education
Brooklyn College, B.A. in psychology (1958)
University of Rochester, Ph.D. in psychology (1962)
Military Service U.S. Army, 1954-56.
Continuing Academic Appointments
State University of New York at Buffalo. Assistant Professor (1962-65), Associate Professor (1965-68)
University of Florida. Associate Professor (1968-70), Professor (1970-71)
York University. Professor (from 1999)
Consultantships
New York State Advisory Committee to the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1963-64)
United States Office of Economic Opportunity, Pre-school Program (1964-67)
Operation Headstart, Erie County, New York (1966-67)
Youth Board, Erie County, New York (1967-68)
Mount St.Joseph Residential Treatment Center, Hamilton, Ontario (1975-78)
Tri-County Mental Health Services, St.Augustine, Florida (l979-83)
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Consultant and expert witness on the effects of familial and attorneys in Ontario on effects of familial separation (1991 - 1997)
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Appointments
Fellow - Canadian Psychological Association (from 1972)
Editorial Board of Sociometry (1971-75)
Grant Review Board of the LaMarsh Committee on Violence and Conflict Resolution, Toronto, Ontario (1980-82)
Editorial Board of the Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health (1981-87)
Grant Review Board of the United States and Israel Bi-national Science Foundation (1985-91)
Chair,Section on Evolutionary Psychology of the Canadian Psychological Association (1986-87)
Conference Organizer, 12th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Human Ethology, Toronto, 1994
Editorial Board of Evolutionary Psychology (from 2001)
Editorial Board of Evolution and Cognition (from 2002)
Research Grants and Fellowships
Methodology in the behavioral sciences; 1966-73; National Science Foundation, $54,000
Demography of mental institutionalization; 1977-82; Canada Council, $25,000
Inclusive fitness and familial relationships, 1983-86, Lamarsh Committee on Violence and Conflict
Resolution, $5000, Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, $13,000
The hunter-gatherer theory of spatial sex differences, 1987-92, Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, $14,000, York University, $10,000
Hormonal factors in spatial development, 1991-95, Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Small Grants Program), $9000, York University, $12,000
Developmental and cognitive mechanisms mediating sex specific spatial attributes; 1997-2001 Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, $43,000, York University, $6000.
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Books
The human subject in the psychological laboratory. New York: Pergamon, 1977.
Generalizing from laboratory to life (Ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1981.
Pure types are rare: Myths and meanings of madness. New York:Praeger, 1983.
Articles, Book Chapters, Conference Presentations
Age and the tendency to withhold response. Journal of Gerontology, 1963, 18, 372-375.
In defense of dissonance theory: Reply to Chapanis and Chapanis. Psychological Bulletin, 1964, 62, 205-209.
Reprinted in: Suedfeld, P.(Ed.), Attitude change: Theoretical issues. New York: Atherton Press, 1971.
Note on the relationship of self-esteem to subject self-selection. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1964, 19, 769-770.
Self-esteem and differential responsiveness to success and failure. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1964, 69, 115-118.
Reprinted in: Babladelis, C.& Adams, S.(Eds.), The shaping of personality. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1967, 290-295.
Differential effects of ego-threat upon persuasibility for high and low self-esteem subjects. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1964, 69, 567-582.
Demand characteristics vs.dissonance theory as determinants of failure-seeking behavior Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1965, 6, 882-884.
Motivations underlying the behavior of the subject in the psychological experiment.Symposium address, American Psychological Association, Chicago, 1965.
Review of: Bettleheim, B. & Janowitz, M. Social change and prejudice. American Journal of Psychology, 1965, 78, 693-694.
Interrelated effects of social desirability, self-esteem, and complexity of argument on persuasibility. Journal of Personality, 1966, 34, 555-568. (Silverman, Ford & Morganti)
Presented at the Eastern Psychological Association, Atlantic City, 1965.
Test of two interpretations of age deficit in perceptual reorganization. Journal of Gerontology, 1966, 21, 89-92. (Silverman & Reiminas)
Response-set bias and predictive validity associated with Kogan's "Attitudes Toward Old People Scale." Journal of Gerontology, 1966, 21, 96-98.
Review of: Sherif, M.& Sherif, C.W. Reference groups.American Journal of Psychology, 1966, 79, 172.
Treatment of a recurrent nightmare by behavior modification procedures. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1967, 72, 188-190. (Geer & Silverman)
Reprinted in: Osipow, S.H.& Walsh, M.B.(Eds.), Behavior change in counselling. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970, 208-214.
Demand characteristics associated with semantic differential ratings of nouns and verbs. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1967, 27, 83-87. (Cataldo, Silverman & Brown)
On the effect of mode of presentation on phonetic symbolism. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1967, 6, 171-173. (Siegal, Silverman & Markel)
A response deviance interpretation of the effects of experimentally induced frustration on prejudice.Journal of Experimental Research on Personality, 1967, 2, 150-153. (Silverman & Kleinman)
Role-related behavior in the social psychological experiment. Symposium address, New York State Psychological Association, Buffalo, 1967.
Psychology. In Funk & Wagnalls Encyclopedia, 1967-69 editions.
Effects of experimenter outcome-expectancy on latency of word association. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1968, 24, 60-63.
Presented at the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1966.
Role related behavior of subjects in laboratory studies of attitude change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1968, 8, 343-348.
Expectancy disconfirmation and the choice of negative alternatives: Dissonance avoidance or situational demands? In R.Abelson, E.Aronson, W.J.McGuire, T.Newcomb, M.S.Rosenberg & P.H.Tannenbaum (Eds.),Sourcebook on cognitive consistency. New York: Rand McNally, 1968, 479-484.
Evaluation apprehension, demand characteristics, and the effects of distraction on persuasibility. Journal of Social Psychology, 1968, 75, 273-281. (Silverman & Regula)
The elimination of a recurrent nightmare by desensitization of a related phobia. Behavior Research and Therapy, 1968, 6, 109-111. (Silverman & Geer)
A study of the development of conservation by a non-verbal method.Journal of Genetic Psychology, 1968, 112, 287-291. (Silverman & Schneider)
Reprinted in:
Beauchamp, K.L., Bruce, R.L. & Matheson, D.L.(Eds.), Readings in general experimental psychology. New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1970, 208-212.
Lindgren, H.C., Byrne, D.& Lindgren, F.(Eds.),Current research in psychology. New York: Wiley, 1971, 61-64.
Effects of hunger on responses to demand characteristics in the measurement of persuasion. Psychonomic Science, 1969, 15, 201-202. (Silverman & Shulman)
Effects of deception and debriefing of psychological subjects on performance in later experiments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1970, 14, 203-212. (Silverman, Shulman & Wiesenthal)
A conceptual model of artifact in attitude change studies.Sociometry, 1970, 33, 97-107.
Symposium address, Southeastern Psychological Association, New Orleans, 1969.
Review of: Rosenthal, R.& Rosnow, R.L. (Eds.), Artifact in behavioral research. Contemporary Psychology, 1970, 15, 718-721.
Crisis in social psychology: The relevance of relevance. American Psychologist, 1971, 26, 583-584.
Reprinted (in translation) in: Marin, G.(Ed) Lecturas en psicologia social contemporanea. Mexico City: Editorial Trillas, 1976, 11-14.
Physical attractiveness and courtship. Sexual Behavior, September 1971, 1, 22-25.
On the resolution and tolerance of cognitive inconsistency in a natural occurring event: Attitudes and beliefs following the Senator Edward M.Kennedy incident. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1971, 17, 171-178.
Reprinted in:
Krupat, E.(Ed.), Readings and conversations in social psychology.Glenview: Scott, Foresman, 1975, 156-164.
Penner, I.& Dertke, M.(Eds.), Social psychology: The student's reader. Readings: Addison-Wesley, 1972, 148-163.
Profile of social psychology: A preliminary application of reference analysis.Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 1972, 8, 232-236. (Shulman & Silverman)
The experimenter as a source of variance in psychological research: Modeling and sex effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1972, 21, 219-236. (Silverman, Shulman & Wiesenthal)
Effects of sudden, mass school desegregation on inter-racial interaction and attitudes in one southern city. Journal of Social Issues, 1973, 29, 133-142. (Silverman & Shaw)
Symposium address, Eastern Psychological Association, New York City, 1971.
Reprinted in: Cohen, I.S.(Ed.),Perspectives on psychology. New York: Praeger, 1975, 413-421.
Experimenter title as a source of sampling bias in commonly used "subject-pool procedures". Canadian Psychologist, 1973, 14, 197-201. (Silverman & Margolis)
How extraneous are "extraneous subject variables"? Symposium address, American Psychological Association, Montreal, 1973.
Review of: Hendrick, C.& Jones, R.A. The nature of theory and research in social psychology. Contemporary Psychology, 1973, 18, 409-410.
Exploratory studies of human territorial behavior. Symposium address, Ontario Psychological Association, Toronto, 1973.
Social desirability and need approval: Some paradoxical data and a conceptual re-evaluation. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 1974, 13, 27-32. (Shulman & Silverman)
The experimenter: A (still) neglected stimulus object. Canadian Psychologist, 1974, 15, 258-270.
Some hedonistic considerations regarding altruistic behavior. Symposium address, Southeastern Psychological Association, Miami, 1974.
Non-reactive measures and the law. American Psychologist, 1975, 30, 764-769.
The bystander effect: Some alternative interpretations. Symposium address, Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1975.
Man's relationships to space: An ethological approach.Symposium address, Ontario Psychological Association, Toronto, 1975.
Punitiveness in response to films varying in content: A cross-national field study of aggression. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1975, 2, 149-165. (Goldstein, Rosnow, Raday, Silverman & Gaskell)
Development of a design for a user-based psychology department facility. Symposium address, Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1976.
On altruism. Lakehead University Review, 1977, 9, 21-26.
Why social psychology fails.Canadian Psychological Review, 1977, 18, 353-358.
Symposium address, American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C., 1976.
Toward a veridical psychology: The social psychology of the psychological experiment. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 1978, 2, 6-14.
Invited Address to the XV Interamerican Congress of Psychology, Bogota, 1974.
Expectancy effects revisited. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1978, 1, 404.
Creating the mental illness culture: Demographic studies of mental institutionalization in Ontario. Canadian Psychology, 1980, 21, 121-128. (Silverman & Saunders)
Symposium address, Ontario Psychological Association, Toronto, 1976.
Psychology: The unwanted science. In Silverman, I.(Ed.), Generalizing from laboratory to life. New directions for methodology of social and behavioral science. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1981, pp.81-87.
Extraneous factors in institutionalization for mental retardation: Demographic analyses for Ontario. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 1982, 1, 107-113. (Saunders & Silverman)
Reply to Cyr and Haley. Canadian Psychology, 1983, 24, 61-62. (Silverman & Saunders)
Diffusion of responsibility in charitable donations. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 1983, 4, 17-27. (Wiesenthal, Austrom & Silverman)
Our last (ever) reply to Cyr and Haley. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 1984, 3, 95-96. (Silverman & Saunders)
Proximate explanations and primitive thinking. Symposium address, American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, 1985.
The mental illness culture is alive and well. Canadian Psychology, 1986, 27, 98-99. (Silverman, Bagby & Saunders)
Can psychologists ignore Darwin? Keynote address of the section on Evolutionary Psychology. Canadian Psychological Association, Toronto, 1986.
Inclusive fitness and ethnocentrism. In V. Reynolds, V.Falger & I.Vine. The sociobiology of ethnocentrism, London: Croon Helm, 1986, 112-117.
Presented to the European Sociobiological Society, Oxford, England, 1985.
Race, race differences, and race relations: Perspectives from psychology and sociobiology. In Crawford, C., Smith, M.F.& Krebs, D. Sociobiology and psychology: Ideas, issues, and findings, Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, 1987, 205-222.
Symposium address, Canadian Pychological Association, Halifax, 1985.
Effects of mental health legislative reform in Ontario. Canadian Psychology, 1987, 28, 21-29. (Bagby, Silverman, Ryan & Dickens)
Presented at the Canadian Psychiatric Association, Quebec City, 1985, and the American Psychology and Law Society, Tucson, Arizona, 1986.
The concept of adaptation in evolutionary and clinical psychology. Symposium address, Canadian Psychological Association, Montreal, 1988.
The r/K theory of human individual differences: Scientific and social issues. Ethology and Sociobiology, l990, 11, 1-10.
Symposium address, International Society for Human Ethology, Edinburgh, Scotland, l989.
Rejoinder to Rushton. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1990, 11, 529-530.
Marital dissatisfaction following the death of a child: The influence of genetic factors at cause in the death. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1991, 53, 799-804. (Littlefield & Silverman)
How males and females see the world. Division of labor in hominid evolution and sex differences in perceptual styles and skills. Keynote Address to the European Sociobiological Society, Prague, 1991.
Review of: J. Groebel and R. A. Hinde, Aggression and war: Their biological and social bases. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, l989. European Sociobiological Society Newsletter, September, 1991, pp. 6-7.
Spatial sex differences: Evolutionary theory and data. In J. Barkow, L. Cosmides & J. Tooby (Eds.), The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 1992, 487-503. (Silverman & Eals)
Presented at the International Society for Human Ethology, Binghampton, N.Y., 1990, and the Human Behavior and Evolution Society, Los Angeles, 1990.
Selective lateralization effects for simple and complex apparent movement tasks: Implications for the earlier evolutionary emergence of right hemisphere functions. Evolution and Cognition, 1992, 2, 115-122. (Eals & Silverman)
Presented at the Canadian Psychological Association, Montreal, 1988, and the Evolution and Human Behavior Conference, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1988.
Perceptions of maternal and paternal solicitude by birth children and adoptees: Relevance for maternal bonding theory. Early Development and Parenting, 1993, 2, 135-144. (Silverman, Dickens, Eals & Fine)
Presented as an Invited Symposium Address of the Canadian Psychological Association, Vancouver, 1987, and at the Evolution and Human Behavior Conference, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1988.
Early intimacy and proximity between siblings and later incestuous behavior. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1993, 14, 171-181. (Bevc & Silverman)
Presented at the Evolution and Human Behavior Conference, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1988.
Effects of estrogen changes during the menstrual cycle on spatial performance. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1993, 14, 250-270. (Silverman and Phillips)
Presented at the Human Behavior and Evolution Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, 1991, the International Congress of Psychology, Brussels, 1992, and the International Society for Human Ethology, Amsterdam, 1992.
Evolutionary and hormonal approaches to spatial sex differences. Keynote Address for the Divison of Evolutionary Psychology of the Canadian Psychological Association, Montreal, 1993.
The hunter-gatherer theory of spatial sex differences: Factors mediating the female advantage in location memory, Ethology and Sociobiology, 1994, 15, 95-105. (Eals and Silverman)
Presented at the International Society for Human Ethology, Amsterdam, 1992 and as a symposium address to the Human Behavior and Evolution Society, Binghampton, New York, 1993.