AP United States Government

AP United States Government

& Politics

Unit IV: Institutions of American Government

Unit IV.1 – The House of Reps.

Bicameral legislature

Bill

Concurrent resolution

Congress

Constituents

House of Representatives

Franking privilege

Impeachment

Iron triangle

Joint committee

Joint resolution

Override

Private bill
Public bill

Resolution

Revenue bill

Senate

Simple resolution

Unit IV.2 - Procedures

Amendment

Appropriations Bill

Caucus

Closed Rule

Committee Chair

Committee of the Whole

Delegate (Representational) Model of Representation

Discharge petition

Earmarks

Hopper

House Appropriations Committee

House resolution

House Rules Committee

House Ways and Means Committee

Germane amendments

Majority leader

Marginal seat

Minority leader

Motion to Recommit (with or without instructions)

Multiple referral

Open Rule

Oversight

Party caucus

Politico (Attitudinal) Model of Representation

Quorum

Quorum call

Ranking member

Restrictive rule

Rider

Roll call vote

Safe seat (or district)-

Select committee

Seniority

Sequential referral

Standing committee

Speaker of the House

Subcommittee

Trustee Model of Representation

Voice vote

Whip

Unit IV.3 – The Senate

Conference committee
Non-germane amendments

President of the Senate

President Pro-Tempore

Senate
Seventeenth Amendment

Unit IV.4 – The FilibusterUnit IV.7 – Limits on Pres. Power

Cloturecheck and balances

Double trackingFilibuster (Senate Rule 22)check

Holdformal check

informal check

Unit IV.5 – The Legislative Processfourth branch of government

EarmarksNon-Government Organizations

Gridlock

Line-item vetoUnit IV.8 – War Making Powers

Logrollingwar powers

Party polarizationWar Powers Resolution (1973)

Pigeonholing

Pork-barrel spendingUnit IV.9 – Pres. Decision Making

Term limits chief executive

executive agreement

Unit IV.6 - Roles & Powers ofexecutive order

the Presidentexecutive privilege

bully pulpitformal power
clemencyinformal power
commander-in-chief
executive agreementUnit IV.10 – Office of the President
executive orderAd Hoc Model
executive privilegeCabinet
express (formal or delegated) powersChief of Staff
inherent powersHub & Spoke Model
implied (informal) powersOffice of Economic Advisers
pardonOffice of Management & Budget
pocket vetoNational Security Adviser
policy agendaNational Security Council
POTUSPress Secretary
presidential coattailsPyramid Model
Presidential Succession Act (1947)US Ambassador to United Nations
reprieveWest Wing
signing statementsWhite House Counsel
Twenty-second Amendment
Twenty-fifth Amendment
veto
veto message

Unit IV.11 – Presidential AppointmentsUnit IV.12 - Impeachment

"advice and consent"censure
cabinetchecks and balances
checks and balancesHouse Manager
confirmation processimpeachment
line of successionlame duck
recess appointment
patronage
separation of powers

Unit IV.13 – Intro to the BureaucracyUnit IV.15 – The Bureaucracy

BureaucracyOpen-Meeting Law (1973)
bureaucratissue networks
cabinet
civil service examination
competitive service
discretionary authority
federal bureaucracy
fourth branch of government
independent regulatory agencies
iron triangle
red tape

Unit IV.14 – Nature of Bureaucracy

bureaucrats
Department of Homeland Security
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
Hatch Act
iron triangle
merit system
National Performance Review
Office of Personnel Management
Pendleton Act
red tape
regulations
revolving door
Whistleblower Protection Act

Unit IV.16 – Intro to the JudiciaryUnit IV.18 – SC Nominations/Appoint.

appellate courts “Advice and Consent”
appellate jurisdictionAmerican Bar Association
Bankruptcy Courtlitmus test
briefsenatorial courtesy
Circuit Court of Appealsswing vote
civil cases (suits)
common lawUnit IV.19 – Judicial Activism /
Court of ClaimsJudicial Restraint
Court of Military AppealsDoctrine of Political Question
criminal casesjudicial activism
Constitutional courtjudicial philosophy
Federal District Courtsjudicial restraint
Federal Tax Courtloose construction
judicial reviewprecedent
jurisdictionstare decisis
legislative courtsstrict construction
original jurisdiction
senatorial courtesy
Solicitor General
United States Supreme Court
territorial courts

Unit IV.17 – The Supreme Court

appellate jurisdiction
cert petition
checks and balances
concurring opinion
dissenting opinion
diversity cases
federal question cases
judicial review
majority opinion
Marbury v. Madison
original jurisdiction
per curiamopinion
remand
remedy
rule of four
SCOTUS
separation of powers
writ of certiorari