Kingdom Plantae
Characteristics of Plants
• ______(have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles)
• ______(producers)
• ______
• Cell walls made of ______
• 2nd most ______kingdom
– May have evolved from ______
Vascular Tissue
• A series of ______(xylem and phloem) that extend from roots to leaves
• Phloem cells move ______and other nutrients
• Xylem cells move ______and dissolved minerals
Classification of Plants
Bryophytes
– ______, liverworts
– Reproduce by ______
– ______(no xylem or phloem)
– Require standing water for ______
Bryophyte Lifecycle
• ______dominates the life cycle
• Male plant produces sperm that ______to the female plant
• Requires free (standing) water for ______
• Sporophyte grows from the ______plant
Seedless Vascular Plants
• ______, club mosses, and horsetails
• Require ______(standing) water for fertilization
• Reproduce with ______
• The ______(2N) sporophyte dominates the fern life cycle
• ______produced on the sporophyte contain spores
• ______germinates and produces antheridia and archegonia
• Sperm from the antheridia ______to eggs in the archegonia
Gymnosperms
• In order to move away from water, plants must produce ______in protected structures
• Gymnosperms are ______plants
• Separate ______& ______cones
Angiosperms-Flowering plants
• Most plants are ______
• Flowers are the ______part of the plant
– Some have separate ______& ______plants
– Some have male and female flowers on the ______
– Most have flowers with ______(on the same flower)
• The ______part is the stamen
– anther
– filament
• The ______part is the carpel (or pistal)
– Stigma
– Style
– Ovary
---The ______of the flower ripens and becomes a ______
Fruits have different forms
Their purpose is ______:
Edible fruit, parachutes, stickers, and floating fruit are just a few of the strategies
• Divided into two groups:
– ______
– ______
• Named for number of ______leaves
• Other differences include
– Organization of ______tissue
– ______parts
– ______of seed
• Different cells have different ______.
• The cuticle and epidermis ______.
• ______cells photosynthesize.
• ______cells contain air spaces.
• ______open and close to regulate gas exchange and water loss.