Chapter 12 - Promoting Career Planning in Schools

  1. Which of the following is attributed to Donald Super?
  1. Super focused on occupational placement.
  2. Super outlined career development stages and tasks.
  3. Super focused on single point-in-time events for making career decisions.
  4. Super fostered career decision making through use of interest inventories and aptitude tests.
  1. The primary focus of career development interventions during middle/junior high school is
  1. awareness.
  2. exploration.
  3. preparatory experiences.
  4. occupation preferences.
  1. ______allow(s) professional school counselors to encourage students to identify beliefs and life-roles that have been learned from their families.
  1. Stereotyping
  2. Racist ideals
  3. Interventions
  4. Genograms
  1. Donald Super proposed a developmental perspective emphasizing career development as
  1. crucial to a student’s academic success.
  2. a lifelong process.
  3. a static process.
  4. an essential part of the school counseling program.
  1. Herr and Cramer emphasized the importance of
  1. the school counselor serving as a leader.
  2. involving others in the needs assessment and career development programs.
  3. developing career development programs as quickly as possible.
  4. only developing career development programs if students need one.
  1. Which of the following is NOT a goal of career interventions in elementary school?
  1. Establish an environment in which curiosity can flourish.
  2. Encourage students to participate in activities relating to interests.
  3. Counteract inappropriate environmental factors that lead to bias.
  4. Identify occupational preferences.
  1. Super’s term, ______, describes how adolescents develop their readiness to cope effectively with the various career development tasks confronting them.
  1. work readiness
  2. occupational readiness
  3. self-awareness
  4. career maturity
  1. ______is NOT part of Marcia’s conceptual structure for the taxonomy of adolescent identity?
  1. Identity diffused
  2. Foreclosed
  3. Identity awareness
  4. Moratorium
  1. Donald Super’s theory emphasized
  1. career development as a lifelong process.
  2. academic achievement which enhances career development.
  3. career development through career exploration.
  4. understanding the relationship between career success and satisfaction.
  1. ______emphasizes the importance of providing assistance to secondary school students progressing toward further education, training, or employment.
  1. Transition enhancement
  2. Workforce readiness
  3. Career maturity
  4. Career intervention
  1. An important component of the first stage (Develop a Program Rationale and Philosophy) of Herr and Cramer’s five stage planning model is
  1. evaluation of students' academics.
  2. selecting program process.
  3. conducting a needs assessment.
  4. identifying program milestones.
  1. Which of the following was developed to help secondary school students consider the career development tasks they will encounter as they move through high school?
  1. Career Enhancement Inventory
  2. Developing Life Roles Inventory
  3. Career Maturity Inventory
  4. National Career Development Inventory
  1. Professional school counselors recognize that piecemeal implementation of educational and career planning intervention
  1. formulates a successful intervention for students.
  2. limits the degree to which such interventions can positively influence students.
  3. creates clarity when implementing an intervention.
  4. creates purpose for the intervention among students.
  1. ______developed a five stage planning model for systematic and educational career intervention programs?

A. Bireley and Genshaft

B. Merrill and Parsons

C. Walz and Benjamin

D. Herr and Cramer

  1. At what age does Gottfredson suggest the gender-based elimination process begins?
  1. 5
  2. 6
  3. 7
  4. 8
  1. According to Gottfredson, at what age do children begin to eliminate occupations they feel are under their social class?
  1. 4-8
  2. 9-13
  3. 14-18
  4. 19-23
  1. Exposure to a broad range of occupations should begin in
  1. elementary school.
  2. middle school.
  3. high school.
  4. college.
  1. Which three categories (concerning career developmental competencies) has NOICC identified as foci for elementary school children?
  1. Self-knowledge, school rules, and career planning
  2. Self-knowledge, emotional exploration, and manner development
  3. Self-knowledge, educational and occupational exploration, and career planning
  4. Self-knowledge, emotional exploration, and career planning
  1. According to Herr and Cramer, at what age can most students link at least one school subject to an occupation?
  1. 10
  2. 11
  3. 12
  4. 13
  1. ______is the main focus of career development during middle school?
  1. Exploration
  2. Identifying a career preference
  3. Orientation
  4. Career planning
  1. The professional school counselor should
  1. take the lead role in developing and implementing educational and career planning programs.
  2. get parental permission before beginning a career planning lesson.
  3. conduct all the lessons in person.
  4. request an administrator be present for a least one lesson.
  1. When it comes to career exploration, students are expected to
  1. know the job they want after high school/college.
  2. plan to attend college before entering into their career.
  3. develop a realistic self-concept and learn more about career opportunities.
  4. discuss all of their career choices with a professional school counselor.
  1. When a professional school counselor is able to raise student awareness of the influence of the dominant culture on life-role salience,
  1. students' career decision making can be directed.
  2. parents may be offended.
  3. students are less likely to allow racist and sexist attitudes to influence their beliefs.
  4. students are more likely to pick a stereotypical career.
  1. The primary focus of career development in elementary school is
  1. planning.
  2. awareness.
  3. envisioning the future.
  4. organizing work aspirations.
  1. In working with middle school students, the ______occupational codes can be used to develop self-understanding and organize occupational information.
  1. Kiersey
  2. Kuder
  3. Holland
  4. Super
  1. Career planning and development are most important in
  1. all levels of school.
  2. elementary school.
  3. high school.
  4. middle/junior high school.
  1. Researchers have consistently found that gender differences and traditional sex-role expectations
  1. have no real relationship.
  2. coincide with each other.
  3. do not correspond with each other.
  4. are not changing.
  1. Students in ______should be encouraged to examine beliefs about female/male roles in society.
  1. elementary school
  2. middle school
  3. high school
  4. college
  1. During ______, students may be taught to identify their Holland code as a means for developing self-understanding and organizing occupational information.
  1. elementary school
  2. middle school
  3. high school
  4. college
  1. According to Marcia, ______refers to sorting through identity issues and questioning parentally defined goals, values, and beliefs.
  1. commitment
  2. identity search
  3. autonomy
  4. crisis/exploration
  1. The main purpose of educational planning is to
  1. ensure that all students apply for college.
  2. make the articulation process easier in high school.
  3. help students establish the connection between school performance and postsecondary options and opportunities.
  4. ensure that all students meet their graduation requirements.
  1. Ideally, educational planning should start in
  1. preschool.
  2. elementary school.
  3. middle school.
  4. high school.
  1. Professional school counselors should use assessments to help students learn about their career-related

A.interests.

B.skills.

C.values.

D.all of the above.

  1. The following is NOT an accurate statement about high school educational plans

A.They should be created during students’ senior year.

B.They should outline the steps necessary for students to achieve their postsecondary goal(s).

C.Professional school counselors should use students’ assessment results to help guide the educational plan.

D.They should list a few potential postsecondary paths.

1. B6. D 11. C16. B21. A26. C31. C

2. B7. D12. C17. A22. C27. B32. B

3. D8. C13. B18. C23. C28. A33. D

4. B9. A14. D19. D24. B29. B34. A

5. B10. A15. B20. A25. C30. D