Chapter 12 – p. 482 – 496
Music: A Human Invariant
What is cantometrics?
Using music to ______– specifically referencing the efforts of ______and his colleagues in using ______songs
What aspects of song performances were mapped onto a grid by Lomax?
Range, interval ______, ______organization, melodic ______and vocal ______
Over a period of years this tool was refined to enable one to broadly categorize song performance style in such a way that the main families of song performance may be recognized, their ______distribution mapped, and their relationship to ______continuity, ______, and the expressive arts perceived
Two major conclusions to be drawn from the Cantometrics Project:
- Music is a ______form of human behavior.
- ______is an integral part of culture.
What makes it difficult to describe the aspects of music that are common to all peoples?
No one ______of music
What components of music are universal?
Singing
Use of repeated ______patterns
Use of ______separated by discrete intervals
Musical ______of 5 – 7 pitches
The ______
What is the difference between uses of music and functions of music?
Uses refer to relatively specific ways in which music is ______
Examples in your text include: an expression of ______or an invocation to the ______
Functions of music are the more basic ______or purposes for those uses
List the 10 functions of music proposed by Merriam:
______expression
______enjoyment
Entertainment
Communication
______representation
______response
Enforcing ______to social norms
Validation of social ______and religious ______
Contribution to the ______and stability of culture
Contribution to the ______of society
Blacking stated that music is a product of human behavior due to ______processes and cultural ______. Aural perceptions and the brain’s ability to create and perceive patterns of sounds combine with cultural agreement to give us music. His definition of music was: ______that is organized into ______accepted patterns.
Having stressed that music is humanly ______sound, he then writes about Soundly Organized ______. He asserts that one of the main functions of music is to help organize human ______behaviors.