Chapters 5 and 6 Study Guide
Define (give the meaning of term):
Stamp Act–(p. 134)law that taxed almost all printed material in the colonies
Sugar Act - (p. 133) Placed a tax on molasses and sugar
Townshend Act- (p. 135)Placed a tax on all imports
Coercive Acts - (p. 139) Laws intended to punish Boston for the Tea Party
Loyalists - (p. 145)Americans that supported the king during the Revolution. The highest number of Loyalists were in the South were the British would concentrate their attacks
Patriots - (p. 145)Americans who supported independence
Proclamation of 1763 - (p. 132) Law that prohibited or stopped colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains
minutemen - (p. 142)Patriot soldiers that could be ready to fight in a short period of time
Olive Branch Petition - (p. 148)American attempt at peace that was rejected by King George
Identify (explain who or what they were and importance of each):
Saratoga (p. 168 & 172)battle that became the turning point in the war in favor of America
Trenton (p. 167)this battle involved a surprise attack across the Delaware River on Christmas Eve
Yorktown (p. 182, 183-185)Last major battle of the war
Lexington and Concord(p. 143-144)Places where the shot heard “round the world” or first shots of the war occurred
Abigail Adams(p. 149)wrote letters to her husband suggesting increased rights for women
Ethan Allen (p. 144)leader of the Green Mountain Boys that attacked FortTiconderoga
Thomas Paine (p. 149-150)He wrote the book called Common Sense that inspired the Patriots
George Washington (p. 173, 178-179)leader of the Continental Army that fought the British
Nathan Hale (p. 166)Patriot soldier that spied on the British but was caught and executed by them
Benedict Arnold(p. 144, 149, 168)Patriot who became a trader and spied for the British against America
Valley Forge (p. 173-174)place where Patriot forces were camped out and endured terrible suffering
Marquis de Lafayette(p. 174, 182)French nobleman who became Washington’s trusted aide
John Paul Jones(p. 179)American naval officer that overcame great odds to beat the British at sea & is known for saying, “I have not yet begun to fight.”
Paul Revere(p. 140, 143)Patriot who performed the midnight ride to alarm colonists of the coming British soldiers at LexingtonConcord
Answer the following questions:(Some answers are developed through multiple sections)
Describe the events in Boston that led to the Revolution. The Boston Massacre was used as propaganda to move the colonists against British rule and toward American independence. The Boston Tea Party caused Britain to pass unfair laws against Boston further angering colonists making them want independence even more
What happened during the First and Second Continental Congress? The First Continental Congress met in response to the unpopular laws & acts by the British king and Parliament. The Second Continental Congress met & declared America’s independence by signing the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776
3. Why did the king want to keep the colonies under British control? He viewed them as
a source of funds (money)
4. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson wrote it & delegates
of the Second Continental Congress began to sign it on July 4 1776
5. What were some of the advantages of the British during the Revolution? They had the
strongest navy in the world, an experienced, well-trained army, & the wealth of a
worldwide empire
What were the American advantages? They were fighting on their own ground and
had more to fight for the the hired British soldiers. They also had the greatest leader -
George Washington
6. How did the British naval blockade affect the American war effort? The British
blockade prevented supplies & reinforcements from reaching the Continental Army
7. How did the loyalists affect British strategy during the war? The British would
concentrate their efforts in the South hoping for Loyalist support in the Southern
colonies/states
Essay
Using complete sentences, explain any 5 things that contributed to the Revolutionary War. Possible items: Stamp Act, Intolerable/Coercive Acts, Sugar Act, Townshend Acts, Boston Massacre, Boston Tea, Party, Lexington and Concord, refection of Olive Branch Petition, Declaration of Independence….
Also explain how the colonies/America defeated Great Britain. Possible items:
* Fought on their own land
* Received help from other nations
* Had the leadership of George Washington
* Were strongly motivated by their ideal of being an independent nation