World Cultures & Geography Review Sheet

WORLD CULTURES & GEOGRAPHY REVIEW SHEET

The Final Exam will be cumulative for the semester. It consists of 3 sections:

1. Approximately 50 multiple choice questions.

2. A geography section with maps. Any geographic location I’ve asked you to identify previously is fair game.

3. 2 Essay questions. The essays will try to weave together themes which have been present in multiple units.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS FOR WORLD CULTURES & GEOGRAPHY

1) What effects does geography have on culture in different regions of the globe?

2) How does culture explain different behaviors of peoples around the globe?

3) How and why do cultures change?

4) Why do different cultures extend hospitality (greet each other) in different ways?

5) How do gender/family issues vary from culture to culture? Give examples.

GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS / CULTURAL IDEAS & CONCEPTS
Himalayas
Arabian Peninsula
Gobi Desert
Indian Ocean
Plateau of Tibet
Arabian Sea
Persian Gulf
Saudi Arabia
Israel
Lebanon
Syria
Iraq
Iran
India
Pakistan
Afghanistan
China
North Korea
South Korea
Vietnam
Indonesia
Andes Mts.
Sierra Madre Mts.
Brazilian Highlands
Amazon Basin
Amazon River
Rio Grande River Caribbean Sea
Pacific Ocean
Pampas / Atlantic Ocean
Gulf of Mexico
Mexico
Panama
Cuba
Colombia
Chile
Argentina
Brazil
Peru
Darfur
Egypt
Rwanda
Nigeria
Sudan
Somalia
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
D.R. of Congo
Savannah
Sahara Desert
Nile River
Congo River
Congo Basin
Atlantic Ocean
Ethiopian Highlands
Red Sea
Niger River / Buddhism
Hinduism
Christianity
Judaism
Islam
Taoism
Hebrew
Arabic
Hindi
Mega-city
Pollution
Over-population
Public Transportation
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear Power
Solar Power
Natural Gas
Geothermal Power
Ethanol
Hybrid cars
Wind Power
Hydroelectric Power
Shiite
Sunni
Kashmir
Monotheism
Polytheism
Deity
Temple
Church
Synagogue / Mosque
Monastery
Shrine
Ritual
God
Priest
Monk
Rabbi
Koran
Bible
Torah
10 commandments
5 pillars
8 fold path
Jesus
Allah
Brahman
Karma
Dharma
Buddha
Nirvana
Caste System
Re-incarnation
Jihad
Mecca
Siddhartha Gautama
Yin/Yang
Chi
3 heritages
Oil Exports
Diamonds / Black Muslims
Arab Muslims
Migration
Land Degradation
Aswan Dam
Nomads/Bedouins
Shifting Agriculture
Desertification
Inland Delta
Military Dictatorship AIDS
Famine
Apartheid
Ethnocracy
Genocide
Civil War
Imperialism
Berlin Conference
Coup d’etat
Ancestor Worship
Oral tradition
Hutu/Tutsi
Migration
Hurricane
Earthquake
Volcano
Ranching
Deforestation
Urbanization
Guns, Germs, Steel
Desertification
Drug trafficking

UNIT 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1) Identify and apply skills (PCS's) necessary to be successful in this course.
2) Identify and apply examples of the 5 themes of geography.
3) Identify and apply examples of the 7 elements of culture.
4) Identify and apply all necessary map components to draw your own map and gather information from an existing map.

UNIT 2 (ASIA) LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1) Identify the causes and effects of the growth of mega-cities in Asia, including how to deal with the problems caused by massive population growth.
2) Analyze the causes and effects of the transition from traditional to western culture.
3) Identify and explain the major philosophical points of each of the worlds’ major religions, especially as they compare to each other.
4) Describe ways that geography has affected culture in different regions of Asia, including significant geographical landmarks from your maps.
5) Identify regions of the world in which each major religion represents the majority of the population.
6) Describe ways that specific religions we study affect other elements of culture.
7) Describe current events (including conflicts) that exist throughout the world involving the major religions. Explain their causes and effects on culture.

UNIT 3 (AFRICA) LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Identify and give examples of the 7 elements of Culture and 5 themes of geography as they apply to the 4 regions of Africa.
2. Identify and give examples of how Africa’s Geography impacts its culture, as well as compare the different impacts in different regions in all of the 4 regions.
3. Identify & describe examples of specific changes in African culture over recent generations, the impact of those changes (old vs. new cultural ideas), and the reasons for the changes (cause & effect). Remember the 4 different sources of cultural change.
4. Describe in detail the current challenges facing different peoples of Africa, and how those issues are being dealt with.
5. Describe the geographic & cultural causes for many African nations “falling behind” the western world in terms of modern economic, technological & medical development.
6. Identify the sources of the 3 different cultural heritages in Africa, the effects that their convergence has on culture, and the benefits and drawbacks of having all 3 together.

UNIT 4 (LATIN AMERICA) LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Identify and describe examples of the 5 themes of geography and the 7 elements of culture which are unique to some or all regions of Latin America. Most importantly, the effects of geography on culture.
2. Describe in detail the causes of European (Spanish) domination over the Native Americans of modern day Latin America, and the effects that colonization has had on the culture of modern day Latin America.
3. Identify the motivation for independence from colonial rulers, and describe the challenges and successes that Latin American countries have faced upon achieving independence and struggling to keep pace with the modern world.
4. Research the problems facing specific Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and other Latin countries, identifying and explaining the causes for those problems, and describing the solutions being explored by those countries.

TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS

UNIT 1

SHORT ANSWER: You may answer in bullet points or complete sentences. You must complete the entire question to get full points.

1) List the 4 sources of cultural change and give a detailed and descriptive example of 1 of them from a presentation you heard (including yours?)

2) Give examples from the Bay Area of 3 themes of geography

3) Give examples from the presentations other than your own of 5 different elements of culture.

ESSAY:

Describe ethnocentrism in YOUR OWN WORDS, including an example. Then, in paragraph form, write an essay with an introduction, supporting evidence, and a conclusion which answers the following question:

DID THIS UNIT PROMOTE OR PREVENT ETHNOCENTRIC BEHAVIOR? WHY or WHY NOT?

UNIT 2

Short Answer. May be given in bullet points or phrases or complete sentences, but make sure that you answer THE ENTIRE QUESTION. If you have time after you finish, re-visit the question to make sure that you answered the question completely. PICK 5 of 6

1. List 2 causes of the growth of Mega-cities, 2 positive things about the growth of mega-cities, and 2 negative things.

2. Briefly describe 6 ways to deal with the problems of mega-cities and rank them 1 thru 4

3. List 1 effect of each of 3 different religions on the other elements of culture. GIVE SPECIFIC EXAMPLES FROM SPECIFIC RELIGIONS.

4. Use Geography to explain why Hinduism has not spread far beyond its borders of 2000 years ago yet Islam has spread so readily.

5. List 1 effect of geography on the culture of the 3 major regions of Asia:

The Middle East & Central Asia b. East Asia c. South Asia

6. Draw a Venn Diagram comparing EITHER (pick a,b or c):

(have at least 2 points in each section of the diagram)

Buddhism & Hinduism b. Judaism & Islam c. Judaism & Christianity

MAP SECTION: demonstrates your knowledge for the locations of:

1) locations of each of the 5 out of 6 major world religions and their concentrations in Asia

2) names of at least 5 countries in Asia (not including Russia or Australia)

3) 5 physical features of Asia including Rivers, Mountains, Plateaus, deserts, or resources. (not including Russia or Australia)

UNIT 3

MAP SECTION: Properly locate all of these on the attached map.

1. Locate the river on which the Aswan Dam exists.

2. Locate with a keyed symbol 1 place in Africa which has significant Diamond deposits

3. Locate with a keyed symbol 1 place in Africa which has significant Oil deposits

4. Locate and identify the name of the geographical barrier which isolates East Africa from Central (and West) Africa

5. Locate and identify the name of the geographical barrier which isolates North Africa from the rest of Africa

6. Locate and identify the name of the geographical barrier which isolates West Africa from the Central and South Africa

7. Locate the following countries:

Egypt, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Somalia, South Africa, Botswana, Mauritius, Angola

SHORT ANSWER: Pick 5 of these

1. Describe 3 ways that the Nile River is important to Egypt’s culture.

2. How was Geographic Luck important to the European overpowering of Africa

3. Describe 3 effects of European colonization of Africa on African culture.

4. List 3 criteria for making a struggling African nation into a success.

5. List and describe 2 problems that multiple African nations are facing and what elements of culture each of those problems are affecting.

6. Compare and Contrast 2 different human rights controversies in Africa

7. Give 2 reasons why Islam is more dominant in Northern Africa than Southern Africa

8. Compare & contrast the music, art or another custom from 2 different regions of Africa.

UNIT 4

MAP IDENTIFICATION: LOCATE & NAME 10 of the Following

The 1st place Columbus landed.
The largest climate zone in South America
The northern barrier to diffusion of the Aztec Empire
The largest single geographical barrier to diffusion of the Incan Empire
The largest river in the world.
The body of water over which Hurricanes form (originate)
The island nation which contributes the largest number of immigrants to the State of Florida
The Latin American country through which the most immigrants pass to the United States
The Latin American country which includes a canal connecting two major bodies of water
The home of the Drug Trade
The country which is home to most of the Amazon Basin
The country named for being on the Equator
One country in the Pampas region of Latin America

SECTION 3: SHORT ANSWER. ANSWER the questions below in 1 paragraph or less.

1) Describe 2 pro’s and 2 con’s of Latin American immigration to the United States

2) Describe 2 pros and 2 cons of de-forestation in Brazil

3) Describe 3 effects of geography on culture in Latin America

4) Describe 3 reasons for Europeans overpowering the Native American cultures in the 1500’s.

SECTION 4: ESSAY. For the last test, brainstorming an outline seemed to help many of you (the essay grades were often higher for those who did), and don’t be afraid to use multiple examples (when people lost points, it was often due to a lack of evidence/detail). READ THE QUESTION CLOSELY, AND ANSWER IT COMPLETELY.

Latin America today is struggling to modernize. There are certainly many bright spots as well as points of struggle and frustration. The question for you is: “Have European colonization and the methods of colonization they used helped or hurt Latin America’s modernization (a.k.a. “catching up” with the western world”)?” USE THE “5 paragraph essay format (intro, 3 pieces of supporting evidence, summarizing conclusion) and GIVE SPECIFIC EVIDENCE supporting your thesis (your argument). You may include any discussion of Independence movements as well.