Physical Science End of the Year Study Guide (Waves, Electricity, Circuits, Magnetism)
1. What are mechanical waves and what do they travel through?
2. How do you find the frequency of a wave?
3. How do forces cause a wave?
4. A wave made by a moving rope, a wave made by dipping your hand in water, and ocean waves are
all example of what type of wave?
5. A sound wave is an example of what type of wave?
6. How can an earthquake break and bend a road far away from the Earthquakes center?
7. What are you measuring when you measure from the crest of one wave to the next?
8. What does it mean when a wave is refracting?
9. Give 2 examples of a wave diffracting.
10. What are mechanical waves caused by?
11. What is it called when a sound wave hits a barrier and bounces back?
12. When a wave moves across a pond, it transfers water molecules _______and ______while ______moves across the pond.
13. What type of interference will make two speakers sound much quieter in certain parts of a room?
14. When you see your shadow on the ground, you are seeing the light waves do what around you?
15. When waves pass around a solid barrier what do you predict will happen when the waves reach the
barrier?
16. Describe the movement of a transverse wave.
17. What is constructive interference?
18. What does amplitude measure?
19. A straw in a glass of water appears to be broken or split, what is this caused by?
20. Arrange the regions of the EM spectrum in order of increasing energy.
21. Which region of the EM spectrum is responsible for most communication?
Multiple Choice
22. The transfer of energy by electromagnetic wave is called ______.
a. Modulation
b. Radiation
23. Infrared radiation has a wavelength slightly longer than ______.
a. Microwaves
b. Visible light
24. ______can be used for cooking.
a. Microwaves
b. Infrared
25. ______radiation has a higher frequency than visible light.
a. Ultraviolet
b. Infrared
26. Photons are tiny bundles of radiation that have no ______.
a. Mass
b. Energy
27. Objects containing heat can emit ______.
a. X rays
b. Infrared radiation
28. ______have the lowest photon energy.
a. Radio waves
b. Gamma rays
29. Radio waves are radiation with very long ______and very low frequencies.
a. Wavelengths
b. Photons
30. ______have the highest frequency of all electromagnetic radiation.
a. X rays
b. Gamma rays
31. Electromagnetic waves are classified according to their wavelengths on the electromagnetic ______.
a. Photon
b. Spectrum
32. ______Can be used to check for broken bones.
a. X-rays
b. Infrared rays
33. Ozone in Earth’s atmosphere blocks most of the sun’s______.
a. Ultraviolet rays
b. Infrared rays
34. Visible radiation is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum you can ______.
a. See
b. Feel
35. Information can be impressed upon a radio wave by a process called ______.
a. Radiation
b. Modulation
36. ______are a subset of radio waves with the highest frequency and energy.
a. Gamma rays
b. Microwaves
37. The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is ______.
a. Directly proportional to its frequency
b. Inversely proportional to its velocity
c. Inversely proportional to its frequency
d. Directly proportional to its energy
38. Al electromagnetic radiation in the optical portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ______.
a. Is visible
b. Has the same wavelength
c. Has the same frequency
d. Penetrates the earth’s atmosphere.
39. Compared to the photons of violet light, the photons of red light ______.
a. Have more energy
b. Have less energy
c. Have equal energy
d. Have a longer wavelength
40. Compared to radio waves, microwaves have ______.
a. Shorter wavelengths
b. Photons with more energy
c. Higher frequencies
d. Lower frequencies
41. Compared to gamma rays, X rays have ______.
a. Longer wavelengths
b. Higher frequencies
c. Photons with more energy
d. Lower frequencies
42. We perceive infrared waves as _____.
a. Visible Light
b. Warmth
c. Smell
d. Coldness
43. All objects emit
a. Gamma rays
b. Light
c. Electromagnetic waves
43. Sound waves from a radio generally travel in which medium?
a) Air
b) Earth
c) Light
d) Water
44. The speed of a sound wave
a) Depends on wavelength
b) Depends on the medium
c) Depends on amplitude
d) None of the above
45. Longitudinal waves travel quickly in a ______because the molecules are closely packed and physically bonded together.
a) Liquid
b) Gas
c) Solid
d) Plasma
46. Light waves
a) Require a medium.
b) Cannot travel through solids.
c) Cannot travel through liquids.
d) Are electromagnetic waves.
47. Light waves are
a) Transverse waves.
b) Longitudinal waves.
c) Rotating waves.
d) Circular waves.
48. The color of light is determined by the ______of the light waves.
a) Medium
b) Speed
c) Frequency
d) Amplitude
49. Which type of electromagnetic waves has the highest energy?
a) Gamma rays
b) Ultraviolet rays
c) Infrared
d) Microwaves
50. Which type of electromagnetic radiation is used to kill cancer cells?
a) Microwaves
b) Gamma rays
c) Ultraviolet rays
d) Sunlight
51. Light demonstrates wave characteristics when it is
a) Reflected.
b) Refracted.
c) Diffracted.
d) All of the above.
52. As the frequency of light waves increases,
a) The energy increases.
b) The energy decreases.
c) The energy stays the same.
d) The wavelength increases.
53. The law of reflection says the angle of incidence is ______the angle of reflection.
a) Greater than
b) Less than
c) Equal to
d) None of the above
54. Light is composed of waves and particles called
a) Electrons.
b) Quarks.
c) Photons.
d) Waves.
55. The visible spectrum of light from the longest to shortest wavelength is:
a) Violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red
b) Infrared, ultraviolet, gamma, x-rays, microwaves
c) Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
d) Green, orange, red, violet
56. When the crest of one wave overlap the crests of another wave, this results in
a) Diffraction.
b) Destructive interference.
c) Constructive interference.
d) Resonant frequencies.
57. What happens to a wave when it is refracted?
a) It is bent
b) It is diffracted
c) It is reflected
d) It is radiated
Graphic Organizer
What is static electricity?When an object gains or loses electrical charges, what happens?
Draw a picture of a balloon that is electrically neutral and one that is positively charged. How are they different?
What will happen if you bring two objects that have static electricity close to one another?
In regards to electrical charges, like charges ______and unlike charges ______.
What is current electricity?
What are some examples of current electricity?
What is the difference between an open circuit and a closed circuit? In which type of circuit can electrons flow?
What are the THREE components necessary to form an electrical circuit?
What are conductors? Give some examples.
What are insulators? Give some examples.
What is the purpose of the plastic coating around electrical cords?
Explain the path that electrons flow in a series circuit. What will happen if one of the light bulbs in this type of circuit goes out? Explain why.
Explain the path that electrons flow in a parallel circuit. What will happen if one of the light bulbs in this type of circuit goes out? Explain why.
How many poles do bar magnets have?
Describe what happens when like poles of a bar magnet get near each other and what happens when unlike poles get near each other. / LIKE POLES:
UNLIKE POLES:
Where is the force of a magnet the strongest?
What is the difference between permanent magnets and temporary magnets?
How can you turn an iron nail into an electromagnet?
Explain why an electromagnet is a temporary magnet.
How are electromagnets and bar magnets alike? How are they different? / ALIKE:
DIFFERENT: