Name: ______

Rocks Study Guide

1. In the rock cycle, how would metamorphic rock become magma? / It would melt
2. Describe a pathway through the rock cycle in which magma becomes sedimentary rock. / Cools forming Igneous rock. Its weathered and eroded into sediments. The sediments are compacted and cemented forming sedimentary rock.
3. In general, what are rocks made of? / Minerals and other things
4. Where does the heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock from? / The mantle
5. What is the name of sedimentary rock that is made up of rounded fragments? / Conglomerate
6. What step in the rock cycle would be required to change granite into sandstone? / Weathering and Erosion followed by compaction and cementation
7. How do geologists classify metamorphic rock? / Arrangement of the grains
8. When forces inside Earth push rock down towards the mantle, what kind of rock would form? / Metamorphic
9. What step in the rock cycle helps sedimentary rock to form? / Compaction and cementation
10. Why would sedimentary rock have to become metamorphic rock before it becomes magma? / It would have to be pushed into the mantle and the pressure and heat of that process would change it into metamorphic rock. When its pushed deep enough it would melt into magma
11. What two pathways in the rock cycle could igneous rock take to become metamorphic roc,? / Directly to metamorphic with heat and pressure or become sedimentary rock first then metamorphic.
12. Can metamorphic rock that is nonfoliated split into layers? / No
13. What is the term used to describe metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers? / Foliated
14. How do geologists classify metamorphic rock? / Arrangement of the grains
15. What type or types of rock can change into sedimentary rock? / All types
16. What do we call the series of processes on Earth’s surface and its interior that changes rock from one kind to another? / The Rock Cycle
17. What do we call the texture of an igneous rock that has large crystals scattered on a background of smaller crystals? / Porphritic
18. Where does most metamorphic rock form? / Deep inside the Earth
19. What term is used to describe the texture of a rock whose grains are large and easy to see? / Course-grained
20. What type of igneous rock forms from lava that erupts onto Earth’s surface? / Extrusive Igneous Rock
21, What type of igneous rock forms when magma cools below Earth’s surface? / Intrusive Igneous Rock
22. What do geologists look at when they want to describe a rock’s texture? / Size and shape of the grains
23. In the rock cycle, what happens to lava and magma once they cool and harden? / Forms igneous rock
24. What do we call the texture of an igneous rock whose grains are hard to see? / Fine-grained

25. Label the process involved in the rock cycle that change one type of rock into another.

Match the above rocks with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate, gneiss. Classify the rock into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.

Rock Name / Rock Type / How did it form
Rock A.
Granite / Igneous / Cooling of magma
Rock B.
Gneise / Metamorphic / Heat and pressure on an existing rock (granite)
Rock C.
Conglomerate / Sedimentary / Weather and Erosion of existing rock forming sediments which are then compacted and cemented together.
Rock D.
Breccia / Sedimentary / Weather and Erosion of existing rock forming sediments which are then compacted and cemented together
Rock E.
Limestone / Sedimentary / Shells of dead animals cemented together
Rock F.
Slate / Metamorphic / Heat and pressure exerted on existing rock (shale)

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