2nd 9 weeks Benchmark Review
You need to review the following information to be prepared for the benchmark.
1. Literary devices—
a. Hyperbole: extreme exaggeration
b. Metaphor: comparison, saying one thing is another, without using like or as
c. Simile: uses like or as to compare 2 things/people
d. Alliteration: repeats consonant sounds
e. Personification: makes objects/things have human-like characteristics
f. Examples: Match each sentence with one of the literary devices.
The trees waved their branches like hands saying “hello.” ______
The raven is my grief that will never leave me. ______
I am so hungry I could eat a horse. ______
The yellow material was like liquid gold. ______
2. Participles—
a. End in –ing or –ed (sometimes –en or –t)
b. Look like verbs, act like adjectives
c. Examples: Underline the participle in each sentence.
I have a nagging pain in my leg.
They stopped at the weathered cabin.
Frozen blueberries are his favorite snack
Under the pile of magazines lay the forgotten letter.
3. Theme—the subject of or lesson to be learned from a piece of literature.
4. Idioms—figure of speech; a phrase that means something other than the words that are expressed
Examples: Match the idiom with its meaning.
paid an arm & a leg false lead
mad as a hatter being determined
barking up the wrong tree without hesitation
red herring expensive
buckling down avoiding the subject
at the drop of a hat crazy
beat around the bush looking in the wrong place
5. Point of view—
a. 1st person: uses pronouns of I, me, my, mine
b. 2nd person: uses pronouns of you, yours; tends to motivational, inspirational or self-help writing
c. 3rd person: uses pronouns of he, she, they, him, her, their
d. Omniscient: reader knows everything all characters are thinking or feeling
e. Limited: reader knows only one character’s thoughts and feelings
f. Examples: Label each book with a point of view.
The Outsiders _____ Point of view
The 7 Habits of a Highly Effective Teen _____ Point of view
The Man Who Was Poe _____ Point of view
6. Infinitives vs. Preposition phrases—
a. Infinitives: to + a verb; can act as N, ADJ, or ADV
b. Prepositions: to + noun; can act as ADJ or ADV
c. Examples: Label each phrase as INF or PREP
We went to the game. ______
She wanted to drive the new car. ______
Children must go to school. ______
He jumped up to go with his brothers. ______
7. Tone—the way a writer puts sentences together creates a tone in his or her writing which in turn conveys his or her attitude toward the readers and the subject matter. Examples of tone: sarcastic, angry, disappointed, humorous, positive, formal, casual, etc.
8. Structures & style—
a. Poem: includes stanzas, meter, figurative language, symbolism & sometimes rhyme
b. Letter: includes date, address, salutation, signature
c. Essay: includes paragraphs, intro, body with supporting evidence, conclusion
d. Narrative: includes paragraphs, characters, plot, setting
9. Active/Passive Voice Verbs—
a. Active: subject does the action of verb
b. Passive: subject is not doing verb; usually includes the preposition by
c. Examples: Label each sentence active or passive.
The children ate their popsicles. ______
The popsicles were eaten by the children. ______
Bingo is played in Britain. ______
The president was elected by the people. ______
10. Constructed Responses—
a. Responses will be scored according to content (answer + evidence) plus writing style (how well you express your ideas).
b. Remember RACE: R=restate the question; A=answer the questions; C=cite the evidence; E=explain
c. Scores: 0, 1, 2 = not passing; 3 = passing, 4 = exceeds