The College Board

AP U.S. History Student Review Session

Miami, Florida

April 10, 2007

Warren Hierl

Career Center

Winston-Salem, NC 27103


Themes in AP U.S. History

The Test Development Committee of the College Board has encouraged the close examination of twelve themes in U.S. History. These themes will be incorporated into each unit of study throughout the course of the year. Students should familiarize themselves with each of these themes and consider them both within and between units. Students should attempt to ascertain the “change over time” that each of the themes undergoes in the progression of U.S. History, but they should also be aware of the interactions of these themes on each other both within and between units of study. The suggested themes follow:

American Diversity

The diversity of the American people and the relationships among different groups. The roles of race, class, ethnicity, and gender in the history of the United States.

American Identity

Views of the American national character and ideas about American exceptionalism. Recognizing regional differences within the context of what it means to be an American.

Culture

Diverse individual and collective expressions through literature, art, philosophy, music, theater, and film throughout U.S. history. Popular culture and the dimensions of cultural conflict within American society.

Demographic Changes

Changes in birth, marriage, and death rates; life expectancy and family patterns; population size and density. The economic, social, and political effects of immigration internal migration, and migration networks.

Economic Transformations

Changes in trade, commerce, and technology across time. The effects of capitalist development, labor and unions, and consumerism.

Environment

Ideas about the consumption and conservation of natural resources. The impact of population growth, industrialization, pollution, and urban and suburban expansion.

Globalization

Engagement with the rest of the world from the fifteenth century to the present: colonialism, mercantilism, global hegemony, development of markets, imperialism, cultural exchange.

Politics and Citizenship

Colonial and revolutionary legacies, American political traditions, growth of democracy, and the development of the modern state. Defining citizenship; struggles for civil rights.

Reform

Diverse movements focusing on a broad range of issues, including anti-slavery, education, labor, temperance, women’s rights, civil rights, gay rights, was public health, and government.

Religion

The variety of religious beliefs and practices in America from prehistory to the twenty-first century; influence of religion on politics, economics, and society.


Slavery and Its Legacies in North American

Systems of slave labor and other forms of unfree labor (e.g., indentured servitude, contract labor) in Native American societies, the Atlantic World, and the American South and West. The economics of slavery and its racial dimensions. Patterns of resistance and the long-term economic, political, and social effects of slavery.

War and Diplomacy

Armed conflict from the pre-colonial period to the twenty-first century; impact of war on American foreign policy and on politics, economy, and society.


The Structure of the AP U.S. History Exam

Multiple choice:

• 80 multiple choice questions

• 55 minutes

• 50% of the total exam

Five minute break between multiple choice and free response section

Free response section:

• 15 minute mandatory reading period

Document based question (DBQ)

• 45 minute suggested writing time

• 22.5% of total exam grade

Standard essay questions:

• Answer one question each from two groups of two questions

• 35 minute suggested writing time for each essay

• Each essay 13.75% of the total exam grade

• Generally, the first group of questions will be pre-1865

• Generally, the second group of questions will be post-1865

Neither the DBQ or any of the four essay questions will deal exclusively with the post-1980 period.

1

TERMS FROM MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAMS

1607-1763

indentured servants proprietary, royal, charter colonies Pilgrims/Separatists

Trade and Navigation Acts Peter Zenger trial House of Burgesses

Mayflower Compact King Philip's War Anne Hutchinson

Roger Williams George Whitefield William Bradford

Great Puritan Migration Great Awakening French and Indian War

New England Confederation Thomas Hobbes John Locke

Freedom of consciences mercantilism Iroquios Confederacy

Jonathan Edwards Bacon's Rebellion headright system

Halfway Covenant Harvard College Salutary neglect

Salem Witch trials Middle Passage Albany Plan

city on a hill Phyllis Wheatly James Oglethorpe

William Penn Puritans

1763-1775

Proclamation of 1763 Boston Tea Party Battle of Saratoga

Thomas Paine/Common Sense/ Coercive/Intolerable Acts no taxation without representation

Crisis Papers Loyalists/Tories Stamp Act

Stamp Act Congress Sons of Liberty non-importation agreements

Olive Branch Petition First/Second Continental Congress virtual representation

Pontiac's Rebellion Boston Massacre Gaspee Affair

Quartering Act Paxton Boys Sugar Act 1764

Townshend Acts Tea Act

1775-1825

Monroe Doctrine corrupt bargain Marbury v Madison

Embargo Act 1807 loose/strict constructionism Bank of the United States

Louisiana Purchase Lewis and Clark yeomen farmers

Tecumseh Gibbons v Ogden Virginia-Kentucky Resolutions

Jay Treaty Treaty of Ghent Shay's Rebellion

Whiskey Rebellion Land Ordinance of 1785 Northwest Ordinance

Gabriel Prosser's Rebellion Critical period Lowell/Walthan System/Lowell girls

Annapolis Convention XYZ Affair Erie Canal

Orders in Council War Hawks impressment

Hartford Convention cotton gin/Eli Whitney Declaration of Independence

American Colonization Society Articles of Confederation Missouri Compromise

republicanism/democracy Three-fifths Compromise Adams-Onis Treaty

interchangeable parts Deism American System

Henry Clay Revolution of 1800 Bill of rights

Washington's Farewell Address full funding/assumption Judicial Review

Connecticut (Great) Compromise Virginia/New Jersey Plans Era of Good Feelings

Barbary Pirates Samuel Slater Citizen Genet

undeclared naval war Federalist/First American Party System Alien and Sedition Acts

Treaty of Alliance 1778 Benjamin Banneker Pinckney Treaty

Treaty of Paris 1783 Haitian Rebellion National Republicans

Republican Motherhood

1825-1865

Seneca Falls Convention Trail of Tears Compromise of 1850

Dorothea Dix Emancipation Proclamation nullification

John C. Calhoun Hinton Helper/Impending Crisis William Lloyd Garrison/Liberator

Oregon Territory Dred Scott v Sandford spoils system/rotation in office

Stephen Douglas Bank war popular sovereignty

Wilmot Proviso Mexican Cession Gadsden Purchase

John Deere Cyrus McCormick American Anti-slavery Society

Maine Laws Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Irish immigration

Mexican American War John Slidell Trent Affair

abolitionists free soilers Know Nothing/American Party

bleeding Kansas Second Great Awakening Mormons

Horace Mann Worcester v Georgia Prigg v Pennsylvania

Commonwealth v Hunt Charles River Bridge case Kansas-Nebraska Act

Transcendentalism cult of domesticity/true womanhood Manifest Destiny

Webster-Ashburton Treaty Clayton-Bulwer Treaty Republican party/3rd Am. Party

Sys.

Whigs/2nd American Party Sys. gag rule Lincoln-Douglas debates

Freeport Doctrine DeTocqueville/Democracy in America Tariff of Abominations

James K. Polk William Seward Ostend Manifesto

Apologist's view of slavery Fugitive Slave Law antebellum

Force Act removal of deposits Battle of Antietam

Homestead Act Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin

Lucretia Mott Brigham Young Neal Dow

Independent Treasury Specie Circular Sumner-Brooks Affair

Nashville Convention Crittenden Compromise Underground Railroad

Morrill Land Grant Act Lecompton Constitution National Banking Act

compact theory perpetual union nature of the union

Frederick Douglass

1865-1900

new immigrants old immigrants radical reconstruction

black codes 13th, 14th, 15th amendments Plessy v Ferguson

Populist (People's) Party bread and butter unionism Joseph Pulitzer

Molly McGuires Spanish-American War Knights of Labor

American Federation of Labor National Labor Union crop lien system

sharecropping Helen Hunt Jackson A Century of Dishonor

Booker T. Washington Social Gospel Gospel of Wealth

Dawes Act jingoism yellow journalism

Sherman Anti-trust Act Alfred Thayer Mahan social Darwinism

settlement house movement horizontal integration vertical integration

William Jennings Bryan Freedmen's Bureau cult of domesticity

Battle of Little Bighorn Sioux Wars Boxer Rebellion

Turner (Frontier) Thesis Gilded Age Samuel Gompers

pragmatism (William James) Haymarket Incident Civil Rights Act of 1866

Tenure of Office Act scalawags Farmer's Alliances

William Randolph Hearst Compromise of 1877 Jim Crow Laws

Granger Laws Atlanta Compromise redemption (redeemers)

Henry George (Progress and Poverty)

John Dewey "waving the bloody shirt"

Bland-Allison Act Thomas Nast Seward's Folly

Edwin Stanton Sherman Silver Purchase Act Edward Bellamy (Looking

Backward)

the Grange Pendleton (Civil Service) Act Boss Tweed

Young Men's Christian Association Salvation Army Chataugua movement

open range Munn v Illinois "forty acres and a mule"

Pullman Strike Interstate Commerce Act Coxey's Army

Frederick Olmstead Louis Sullivan Chinese Exclusion Act

injunction long drives Andrew Carnegie

"Crime of '73" John Peter Altgeld Crédit Moblier Scandal

Horatio Alger J.P. Morgan Teller Amendment

Platt amendment Chief Joseph Wounded Knee

John D. Rockefeller Cross of Gold Speech Anti-Saloon League

Pullman Strike Ida Wells Jacob Riis (How The Other Half

Women’s Christian Temperance Union Lives)


1900-1918

Treaty of Versailles Panama Canal Hay-Buneau-Varilla Treaty

League of Nations Federal Trade Commission Woodrow Wilson

Committee on Public Information Creel Committee Progressive movement

muckrakers International Workers of the World Wobblies

Russo-Japanese War Federal Reserve System Article X

Henry Cabot Lodge irreconcilables reservationists

Open Door Policy Dollar Diplomacy spheres of influence

Fourteen Points W.E.B. DuBois (Niagara movement) Ballinger-Pinchot Affair

16th, 17th amendments Theodore Roosevelt Big Stick Policy

Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) Gentlemen's Agreement Roosevelt Corollary

Volstead Act "Birth of a Nation"/D.W. Griffith Keating-Owen Child Labor Act

Mann-Elkin Act "good and bad" trusts Food Administration

Sussex/Arabic Pledges Emilio Aguinaldo Insular Cases

Charles and Mary Beard "Black Jack" John Pershing New Nationalism

Anthracite Coal Strike Jacob Riis Pure Food and Drug Act

Zimmerman Note (Telegram) Lusitania Northern Securities Case

Eugene V. Debs Muller v Oregon Lochner v New York

Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones triple wall of privilege Clayton Anti-trust Act

Underwood-Simmons Tariff insurgent's revolt New Freedom

Bull Moose Party Robert LaFollette Great White Fleet

1918-1941

Harlem Renaissance Langston Hughes Washington Naval Conference

National Origins Act quota system Ku Klux Klan

cultural isolation NAACP Scottsboro boys

18th, 19th, 20th, 21st amendments Bonus March Scopes trial

Andrew Mellon Schenck v U.S. Schechter v U.S. (sick chicken case)

Albert Fall Sacco and Vanzetti Herbert Hoover

John L. Lewis TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) dole

Hoovervilles Henry Ford Marcus Garvey

"Back to Africa movement" Universal Negro Improvement Assc. Charles Lindbergh

"Spirit of St. Louis" America First Committee Elijah Mohammad (Black Muslims)

Palmer Raids Kellogg-Briand Pact Stimson Doctrine

"lost generation" hundred days brain trust

Keynesian economics New Deal Franklin Roosevelt

Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge Sinclair Lewis

F. Scott Fitzgerald Social Security Act Wagner Act

National Labor Relations Act Fair Labor Standards Act sit-down strike

National Industrial Recovery Act Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC) Frank Lloyd Wright

Huey Long (Kingfish) "share the wealth" Teapot Dome/Elk Hills Scandals

Georgia O'Keeffe Thomas Hart Benton Edward Hopper

John Steinbeck (Grapes of Wrath) H.L. Menken Ernest Hemingway

Lend-Lease Act normalcy destroyer deal

court packing scheme cash and carry bank holiday

Indian Reorganization Act Congress of Industrial Organization National Recovery Administration

Works Progress Administration (WPA) Securities and Exchange

flappers Francis Townsend Commission

Neutrality acts phony war Margaret Sanger

Agricultural Adjustment Adm. (AAA) Prohibition

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

1941-1960

Japanese interment Korematsu v U.S. Federal Highway Act

Greensboro sit-ins Montgomery bus boycott Employment Act of 1946

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg McCarthyism Brown v Board of Education

U-2 incident Harry Truman Fair Deal

Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine containment

Casablanca Conference Teheran Conference Yalta Conference

Dumbarton Oaks Conference San Francisco Conference United Nations

Alger Hiss NSC 68 Berlin Airlift

"long hot summers: Youngstown Sheet and Tube v Sawyer George Kennan

Henry Wallace Douglas MacArthur Korean War

baby boomers Sputnik NATO

Jack Kerouac (On the Road) beat generation Taft-Hartley Act

Little Rock school crisis Eisenhower Doctrine National Defense Education Act

GI Bill of Rights Servicemen's Readjustment Act Ralph Bunche

Jackie Robinson New Frontier dynamic conservatism

David Riesman Dixiecrats Civil Rights Commission

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

1960 to present

Miranda v Arizona Cuban Missile Crisis John F. Kennedy

Huey Newton (Black Panthers) Stokely Carmichael (Black Power) Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Jimmy Carter Vietnamization (Guam/Nixon Doctrine) Ronald Reagan

Washington outsiders George Wallace Martin Luther King

Bay of Pigs Roe v Wade Gideon v Wainwright

Economic Opportunity Act War on Poverty Great Society

Malcolm X Warren Commission Lee Harvey Oswald

SALT I Treaty hippies Camp David Accords

Mayaguez incident Bakke v Board of Regents affirmative action

Gerald Ford Michael Harrington (The Other America) supply-side economics

Reaganomics stagflation Civil rights Act 1964

Voting rights Act 1965 Barry Goldwater Lyndon Johnson

Rachel Carson (Silent Spring) Ralph Nader (Unsafe at any Speed) Kent State

War Powers Act Equal Rights Amendment Betty Friedan (The Feminine

Southern Christian Leadership Conference Mystique)

OPEC Helsinki Accords Peace Corps

Tet Offensive SNCC Black Panthers


Making Generalizations: Construct a focused topic statement for each numbered group which expresses a main

idea for which all of the items could serve as supporting information.

1. 2.

Sons of Liberty Fletcher v Peck

Non-importation agreements Whiskey Rebellion

Boston Tea Party Loose constructionism

Committees of Correspondence Assumption

Stamp Act Congress War of 1812

Gaspee Affair McCulloch v Maryland

Boston Massacre Pinckney Treaty

3. 4.

Bank War Transcendentalism

Nullification of the Tariff of 1832 Abolitionist movement

Non-enforcement of Worcester v Georgia Utopian communitarianism

Spoils System Second Great Awakening

Maysville Road veto Manifest Destiny

Mandate from the people Seneca Falls Convention

Rotation in office Movement for public education

5. 6.

Wilmot Proviso The Liberator

Kansas-Nebraska Act Harper’s Ferry raid

Freeport Doctrine Bleeding Kansas

Compromise of 1850 The Gag Rule

Ostend Manifesto Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Filibustering expeditions Fugitive Slave Law

Lecompton Constitution Dred Scott v Sandford

7. 8.

Shay's Rebellion separation of powers

Albany Plan egalitarianism

Regulator Movement disestablishment

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions abolitionism

Paxton Boys Bills of Rights

Whiskey Rebellion separation of church and state

Burr's Conspiracy enfranchisement

9. 10.

National Origins Act NSC - 68

Scopes Trial Domino Theory

Sacco and Vanzetti Berlin Crisis

Babbit McCarthyism

H.L. Mecken Truman Doctrine

Harlem Renaissance Marshall Plan

Flappers Korean War

11. 12.

Glass-Stegall Act Seventeenth Amendment