CHAPTER FIFTEEN: Speaking to Inform
Outline:
I. To inform is to share information with others to enhance their knowledge orunderstanding of the information, concepts, and ideas you present.
A. To ______is to become a teacher inasmuch as you define, illustrate, clarify, & elaborate topics.
B. Speech teachers and past public speaking students believe that speaking toinform is the single most ______skill taught in public speaking classes.
II. Effective speaking to inform presupposes three goals.
A. Informative speaking should ______.
B. Informative speaking should ______.
C. Informative speaking should ______.
III. Informative speeches divide into five types.
A. Informative speeches may be about______.
B. Informative speeches may concern ______.
C. Informative speeches may be about ______.
D. Informative speeches may deal with ______.
E. Informative speeches may explore ______.
IV. Effective speaking to inform requires four general strategies.
A. Informative speakers need a strategy to define ideas clearly.
1. Speakers may find that less sophisticated listeners will need ______,
______. definition by example.
2. Sophisticated listeners may profit more from ______, or ______definitions.
B. Informative speakers need to use principles of adult learning.
1. Adults like to be given information they can ______.
2. Adult learners like to be ______.in the learning process.
3. Adult learners like to connect ______with the new information theylearn.
4. Adult learners like to know how the information is ______and theirbusy lives.
C. Informative speakers need a ______to clarify complex processes.
1. By using ______, informative speakers allow audiences to learn aboutthe new by comparison with the old.
2. Informative speakers would do well to offer models or pictures, or other______, to take advantage of the audience’s strong visual sense (chapterfourteen).
3. Informative speakers should describe, offering answers to _____, ______, ______,______, and ______of a process.
4. Informative speakers should provide strong ______(word pictures)through four descriptive tools.
a. Form a ______of the person, place, or object beforeattempts to describe.
b. With ______, lead listeners to see the appearance of person, place,or object.
c. With colorful, ______words, tell your listeners what they will hear,smell, feel, and taste.
d. Describe smell, touch, and taste, if appropriate.
e. With specific ______, tell listeners what emotions they will feel whenthey experience the situation you are describing.
D. Effective informative speakers use ______reinforcement.
V. Effective informative speakers use three strategies to enhance ______
A. Establish a motive for your audience to listen.
1. Audiences are not “______.”
2. Take advantage of built-in ______, such as, “Listen tomy lecture and do better on the next test.”
B. Tell a story.
1. A good story incorporates______.
2. A good story includes ______.
3. A good story creates ______.
4. A good story may incorporate ______.
C. Present information that ______to your listeners.
D. Use the ______.
VI. Effective informative speakers use four strategies to enhance audience recall.
A. Build in redundancy; remember the “Golden Rule.”
1. ______key points.
2. Use ______and ______(Chapter 10).
B. Make key ideas ______and ______
C. ______information flow.
1. Be especially sensitive to flow if your topic is ______and ______to audience.
2. Adjust flow to ______, not speaker needs and desires.
D. Reinforce key ideas ______.
VII. Developing an Audience-Centered Informative Speech
A. ______and ______your informative topic.
B. Determine your ______purpose.
C. Develop your ______idea.
D. Generate your ______ideas.
E. Gather ______material.
F. ______your speech.
G. ______your speech.
H. ______your speech.