Chicago Open 2007
Packet by Local Chicagoans (Tim Hartman, Rom Masrour)
1. He battled the pope over the deposition of Archbishop Arnulf of Reims. During an argument with the Count of Auvergne, he asked “Who made you count” to which the other replied, “Who made you king?” His grandson Robert founded a cadet line of his dynasty in Burgundy, and he crowned his son king nine years before his death, possibly to insure continuity should he die campaigning against the Moors in Spain. Succeeded by his son Robert II, he allied with Otto II and Otto III to dominate the last Carolingian kings. FTP, name this first king of a namesake dynasty in France which lasted from 987 to 1328.
ANSWER: Hugh Capet
2. In one test of this theory, some subjects were offered $1 or $20 to discuss the experiment with a stooge. Bem’s self-perception theory offers an alternate explanation for the more positive responses from the $1 subjects, and for the results of forbidden toy studies. One early application of this theory was a study of a cult headed by Mrs. Keech that claimed to receive apocalyptic messages from the planet Clarion; that study resulted in the book When Prophecies Fail. The “$1/$20” study saw some subjects empty and fill a tray with spools and turn pegs in a board before they were paid to tell someone that the tasks were fun. FTP name this phenomenon discovered by Festinger in which tension results from conflicting thoughts.
ANSWER: Cognitive Dissonance
3. Section 14 pictures “infinite separate houses” and notes how people go on “with [their] meals and minutia of daily usages,” until the appearance of the cloud and “a long black trail.” Earlier in the piece the speaker asserts that he would hang pictures, “pictures of growing spring, and farms, and homes,” on the chamber walls, to adorn the house the one he loves. Section four introduces the thrush whose warble emerges as the “song of the bleeding throat” and helps to conjure up visions of armies and corpses. First published in 1865’s Sequel to Drum Taps, sections five through nine depict the passage of a certain politician’s coffin and by the work’s end the bird’s “Death Carol” “twines” with the chant of the poet, the western star, and the title flower, in “the fragrant pines.” For ten points, identify this elegy for Abraham Lincoln, a work by Walt Whitman.
ANSWER: “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d
4. Rayleigh applied a classical analog of this theory to wave propagation in a stratified medium, and found an approximate solution near reflection points in terms of Bessel functions of order 1/3, or Airy functions. One developer of this technique formulated two dispersion relations for the complex dielectric constant with Kronig. That developer also rediscovered Rayleigh’s connection formula used to patch solutions through a turning point. FTP, name this approximation that uses sinusoidal or exponential wave functions away from turning points in regions where the potential varies slowly, typically named for three physicists.
ANSWER: WKBJ or Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin-Jeffries approximation (accept letters/names in any order)
5. This event’s most recent winner is a fan of the Celtic Football club and husband to an actress who has been seen in Frida and De-Lovely. Its most prolific winners have been A.J. Foyt, Al Unser, and Rick Mears, each of these men won four times. This race and its course have given the premier American open-wheel racing league its name. The NASCAR race that takes place on the same track was formerly called the Brickyard 400, because the track was at one time paved with bricks. This is, FTP, what IRL race, whose victory is celebrated with a bottle of milk, most recently won by Dario Franchitti.
ANSWER: The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race or The Indy 500
6. From 1914 to 1916 an ephemeral principality called “Zion” was established in the north of this country. The bulk of it was conquered by Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi of Adal between 1529 and 1543. In the 18th century it collapsed into disorder and isolation, leaving its monarch a figurehead in its capital of Gondar. This period ended with the ascent of Theodore II, who picked a fight with the British, and was deposed in 1869 by an expedition led by Robert Napier. A military coup toppled the emperor in 1974, leading to the adoption of communism shortly thereafter. FTP, name this African country whose earliest civilization was Axum and which defeated the Italians at Adowa in 1896.
ANSWER: Ethiopia
7. In Body and Soul, he played both a jackleg preacher and his well-meaning inventor brother, while in Borderline, he and his wife Eslanda depicted lovers caught in a tangled web of interracial affairs. On stage, he played Jim Harris in the first performances of All God’s Chillun Got Wings, and a former Pullman porter turned dictator in another O’Neill play. In the longest Broadway run of a Shakespeare play he had the title role opposite Uta Hagen as Desdemona. FTP name this bass-baritone who originated the role of Joe in Show Boat, singing “Ol’ Man River.”
ANSWER: Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson Sr.
8. These complexes can isomerize via the Ray-Dutt twist or the Bailar twist, and when they possess certain sets of equivalent ligands, they can be described as facial or meridonal. In this geometry, the d orbitals split into two groups the eg and t2g set, with the dxy, dyz, and dxz orbitals lower in energy. Werner studied transition metal complexes with this geometry, and EDTA adopts it around a chelated magnesium ion. Copper II complexes with this shape also commonly undergo a lengthening of the bonds along their z-axis due to orbital degeneracy via the Jahn-Teller effect. FTP, name this geometry adopted by sulfur hexafluoride and other complexes with six ligands and no lone pairs, according to VSEPR.
ANSWER: Octahedral (word forms ok)
9. She is fired from Mrs. Hatch’s factory for not showing up regularly and is recognized by Nettie Struther as she is walking aimlessly around Bryant Park at night. Earlier she had been disinherited by her aunt Julia and denied help by her cousins, the Stepneys. In Chapter 7 this protagonist’s penchant for playing cards spur Mrs. Dorset to intimate that such behavior may have scared off the sheltered Percy Gryce, whom she had plotted to marry as her story opens. All throughout the novel she is pursued by the shady Simon Rosedale, who turns out to be a good friend. The novel ends with her true love, the ineffectual Lawrence Selden, discovering a bottle of chloral next to her dead body. For ten points, identify this tragic main character of Edith Wharton’s House of Mirth.
ANSWER: Lily Bart (accept either name)
10. His war-chariot is drawn by the Killer, the Relentless, the Trampler, and the Swift. He passes a test in which he makes a garment disappear and reappear, reassuring the other gods after Gaga proclaims this god’s intention to do battle. The Igigi bow to him and the Anunnaki kiss his feet after his victory, achieved with the help of the Fourfold Wind, the Cyclone, and 5 other winds. Following his victory, he uses the carcass of a primordial salt-water goddess to form the cosmos, as detailed in the Enuma Elish. FTP name this son of Ea and slayer of Tiamat, the chief Babylonian god.
ANSWER: Marduk
11. It contains the second-largest lake-bound island in the world, Olchon, as well as species of seal that exists nowhere else. Inflows to it include the Chikoy and the Uda Rivers, while the Buryat Republic borders it to the south and east. It lies in a rift valley, which is currently widening at a rate of 2 centimeters per year. The age of the lake is estimated to be between 25 and 30 million years, making it one of the world’s most ancient lakes. Its outflow is the Angara River, a tributary of the Yenisei. Located a little ways to the south and east of Irkutsk, FTP, name this lake that is surrounded by its namesake mountains on the north, a Siberian lake that is the deepest in the world.
ANSWER: Lake Baikal
12. He began his career as the assistant of Henry Stimson, and during World War I he served as secretary and counsel of the President’s mediation commission. After lobbying for the inclusion of the Balfour Declaration in the Treaty of Versailles, he co-founded the ACLU in 1920 and wrote an editorial in the Atlantic Monthly attacking the denial of a retrial for Sacco and Vanzetti. Late in life, he became one of the Supreme Court’s strongest proponents of judicial restraint, dissenting in Baker v. Carr. FTP, name this associate justice appointed to replace Benjamin Cardozo, who served on the Supreme Court from 1939 to 1962.
ANSWER: Felix Frankfurter
13. A pair of closed eyes is described as “a shut bud that holds a bee,” while an exposed shoulder is “smooth,” “white,” and “bare.” One of the characters in this work manages to start a fire in the cottage where the action takes place and calls for her counterpart before putting his arms about her waist. First published alongside another of its creator’s poems, “Johannes Agricola in Meditation,” in 1835, it opens, “The Rain set early in tonight,” and ends with a suddenly still “yellow-haired” woman not stirring her head from the title character’s shoulder. For ten points, identify this dramatic monologue about a man who strangles his paramour with her blond hair in order to be with her forever, a work by Robert Browning.
ANSWER: “Porphyria’s Lover”
14. His essay “On Tyranny” is an interpretation of Xenophon’s Hiero, and he critiqued the positivism of Max Weber in his book Natural Right and History. In his 1964 work The City and The Man, he proposed that Thrasymachus was the true mouthpiece of Plato in The Republic. This assertion follows from his thesis that philosophical texts have both an esoteric and an exoteric message, a view which he put forth in Persectution and the Art of Writing. His History of Political Philosophy includes contributions from his student Allen Bloom, and his other students include Abram Shulsky and Paul Wolfowitz. For 10 points, identify this poltical philosopher, a key influence of the neoconservative movement.
ANSWER: Leo Strauss
15. This body is the primary home of the so-called dark ray craters, which are concentrated on the trailing hemisphere of this synchronously orbiting body. It is also home to the large Gilgamesh impact basin. Its trailing hemisphere is a primary site of ozone production as its water ice surface is blasted by charged particles trapped in the Jovian magnetosphere. Evidence for its having a rocky core includes detection of its own magnetosphere by the Galileo orbiter. Displaying three crater chains similar to those found on its neighbor Callisto, FTP name this largest moon of the Solar System.
ANSWER: Ganymede
16. His smaller works include the Benson Holy Family and the Allendale Adoration of the Shepherds. He painted a Madonna suspended between a damask and a throne for the Castelfranco Cathedral and depicted Cupid Tapping Apples at Saltwood Castle. Other works include a depiction of Judith and his erotic Sleeping Venus. The contemporary critic Paolo Pino praised his restrained style and noted that he didn’t overcrowd his landscapes. Indeed, only three figures can be seen in his most famous work, which depicts a man with a staff looking over at a woman nursing a child. For ten points identify this Venetian painter of The Three Philosophers and The Tempest.
ANSWER: Giorgione
17. John Wilkes once mockingly referred to it with a reference to Philippians 4:7, as according to him it “passes all understanding.” Representatives included John Robinson and Thomas Wentworth, and temporary results included Savoy receiving the crown of Sicily and France recovering what are now Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton Island. In addition to Saint Kitts and Nova Scotia, Britain acquired Minorca and Gibraltar. Ending what was called Queen Anne’s War in the colonies, and associated with the Treaties of Madrid, Baden and Rastatt, FTP, name this treaty that put the Duke of Anjou on the Spanish Throne, ending the War of Spanish Succession.
ANSWER: Treaty of Utrecht
18. His protagonists include the former ranch owner Baltasar Bustos and in another one of his works, a young woman controlled by her orchestra director, Gabriel, with a crystal seal. In addition to Inez, this decade has seen him publish such works as This I Believe and The Seat of the Eagle. His second novel focuses on a young historian who finds himself falling in love with an elderly widow’s niece, but when he embraces her she turns into the old woman. That work, Aura, was followed by such works as A Change of Skin, about a group of people on a journey to Veracruz, and Terra Nostra, a rumination on Spanish and Latin American History. Perhaps best known in the U.S. for his novel about the last days of Ambrose Bierce, for ten points, identify this Mexican writer of The Old Gringo and The Death of Artemio Cruz.
ANSWER: Carlos Fuentes
19. Their synthesis can be tryptophan-independent or dependent, and the enzyme nit1 catalyzes the final step of one such pathway. They can influence transcription by binding to TIR1 proteins and de-repressing ARF1 factors. Their transport is reliant on PIN proteins, and they are usually synthesized in apical meristems and move down by polar transport. They can also activate proton pumps in the cell membrane, which in turn activate expansins, according to the acid growth hypothesis. They were characterized by Boysen-Jensen, who used agar blocks to show that they are responsible for phototropism. Indole-3-acetic acid is the most common member of, FTP, these plant hormones responsible for cell elongation and lateral root formation.
ANSWER: Auxins
20. Elgar’s in B minor is unusual for having four movements instead of three, whereas Shostakovich’s first one has a lengthy cadenza linking the third and fourth movements, a Passacaglia and Burlesque. Berg’s was dedicated “to the memory of an angel”—the daughter of Alma Mahler and Walter Gropius—while Tchaikovsky’s in D major was inspired by the complex polyrhythms of Lalo’s Symphonie Espagnole. Mozart’s fifth one is nicknamed “Turkish,” and Brahms’ in D major was written in consultation with the virtuoso Joseph Joachim. FTP, name this type of composition for a specific instrument, famous examples of which include Mendelssohn’s in E minor and Beethoven’s in D major.